Fidel Castro, inspired by José Martí who first dreamt of a Cuban Revolution who died a martyr before he could succeed, wanted to overthrow the corrupt government under Fulgencio Batista. Castro gathered an army of revolutionaries known as the Fidelistas who were driven by nationalism, idealism, patriotism, and the thought of possibly becoming a martyr, a historical glory of Cuba. The result of this revolution in Cuba was an overthrow of the government and the start of a Communist state that still remains today.
In 1953, Castro led 165 rebels in an attack on the Moncada army barracks in Santiago de Cuba (Charabati 2). The attack failed and Castro spent 15 years in prison, after which he ended up in exile in Mexico (Charabati 3). In Mexico, Castro met a military doctor named Ernesto “Che” Guevera who supported revolution against Cuba’s military dictator Fulgencio Batista (Charabati 3). Castro was introduced to communist and other radical ideals through Guevara and other rebels in the Moncada army barracks raid. He also sought political positions to gain the power and influence to execute his plans. When campaigning for these position...
Originally a dictator ran Cuba: President Fulgencio Batista, who was an ally to the United States. Cuba during this time enjoyed a healthy urban middle class, and its citizens enjoyed some degree of freedom without a police state. Many other countries seemed a lot more likely to revolt, because economically and developmentally, Cuba seemed stable. However, the United States’ role and control of Cuba’s economy started to take its toll on the “peasants”. In 1953, the United States owned many of the major entities, such as 50% of the railroad. Just as much development as there was in the urban areas there was a lack thereof in the rural areas. Not just economically, Cubans started to resent the image of Sin City that Americans gave the country. Cuba was a popular tourist spot where Americans came to behave badly. Castro’s success came from these opposite sides of distaste for the United States, the peasants economically and the middle class socially & nationally. Castro was not originally a socialist; he was a nationalist first. However when he attacks Moncada Barracks, he is arrested and exiled to Mexico City. During this time his failures are turned into “successes” through propaganda. Castro meets with Che Guevara in Mexico City and when he returns, he purges the military of 483 Batista loyalists and enacts land reforms and nationalizes US
Since the childhood background of Fidel Castro was framed with entitlement and economic privilege, it is not surprising that he was a character of determination and conviction for his beliefs. His background permitted him to think big and
On January 1, 1959, Fidel Castro and his band of rebels overtook the Cuban government. Their Revolution was based on massive agrarian reform and equality throughout. It was not based on Communism or communistic ideals. The US government was against the rise of Castro and his people. They had been able to control the Cuban government by controlling the successive presidents, since the Spanish-American War early in the 20th Century. The rise of Castro was undertaken with a distinct anti-American flavor to it. Castro was able to expand his popularity by fusing the anti-American fever with massive reforms intended to give social and economic equality to all Cubans. The economic presence, of the US, within Cuba was great at the time of Castro’s rise. This would prove to be a problem for Castro and the Cuban citizen.
If any of the rhetoric being disseminated by the Castro regime is to be believed than Cuba is little more than the floating hotbed of revolutionaries. An island of Chés. It logically follows that a Cuba at political rest must be a content nation, otherwise the people would rise. Instead, the casual observer sees a country that seems constantly at the edge of boiling over, but discontentment never quite reaches revolutionary status. This phenomenon is particularly surprising in the time following the collapse of the Soviet Union, a chapter in history known as Cuba’s “Special period.” Despite all reasonable expectations and his own reputation as revolutionary, Castro was able to keep his grip over the island and suppress all the symptoms of unrest. Through rhetorical acrobatics, enforced by a strong social grip, Castro was able to forgo major economic reforms and instead Though Castro was the guiding hand that kept the regime in place and the people down, his staying was also heavily influenced by incidental social factors that kept Cubans occupied.
...ntion to bring about a social revolution on behalf of the people. By sifting through articles, speeches, and letters, scholars find that Fidel is years away from Communism or Marxism-Leninism while in Mexico. Until Castro decided to carry his revolution into the Communist camp around the mid-1960s, he remained indignant when Communist charges were leveled against him. 18
Communist Cuba and the Castro regime, some may argue, has failed. The regime has failed to provide the Cuban people the ability to live and raise their own living. For example, the Cuban’s purchasing power in comparison to other countries is near to insignificant. According to a study done by the University of Miami’s Institute for Cuban and Cuban-American Studies found that the average Cuban worker has to work 57.5 hours to purchase fourteen ounces of powdered milk, while the average worker in Costa Rica has to work only 1.7 hours, to make the same purchase. (Azel) But this is changing. Since 2010, Raúl Castro has implemented a series of economic reforms to allow the Cuban people to transition from government jobs to self-employment. This has allowed the Cuban people to become more autonomous and has seen, some may argue, the emergence of a middle class. That being said, has Cuba's economic reforms promoted democratization with the emergence of a middle class or is it another method that the regime has employed to hold on to its power? Before we can answer this question, we must address the extent of Castro’s reforms, and its political implications.
The Cuban Revolution, incited after Fidel Castro assumed power in Cuba, aimed to reform most of the policies left behind by Dictator Fulgencio Batista. Castro’s successful guerilla operations laid the groundwork for dismantling the Batista regime, and gave the Cuban people a relief from the repressive tactics used by the dictator. Historically, most revolutions take the path of using violence in order to achieve a new order of government. With Batista gone, members of the “middle class, workers, peasants, foreign investors, the U.S. embassy, and other observes” wondered “What kind of revolution would this be?” (Skidmore, Smith, & Green, 2010). Castro sough...
Cuba’s economy became stagnant, private businesses were confiscated, and due to fear of their leader and further collapse, the people fled for the United States in waves. As Charlip discussed, to keep the economy afloat, Castro had to open the country to foreign investment and introduce components of capitalism to the economy. These factors enabled Cuba’s economy to stabilize. It is interesting that when socialism failed, capitalism was the solution, particularly because Castro once said, “I find capitalism repugnant. It is filthy, it is gross, it is alienating... because it causes war, hypocrisy and competition.” His frustration with the fall of the Soviet Union and the humiliation he faced with the U.S. for turning to capitalism was
Castro implemented additional significant social-economical polices which further more increased his popularity with in the public order, such as attempts towards improving health care, medical facilities, and tourism, but mostly highlighting the importance of education by drastically transforming the Cuban educational system. Achieving an extraordinary change required Castro to start the “1961 literacy campaign” which called for raising the literacy rate percentage in the Cuban society, by allowing education and it’s equipment free of charge, building schools, increasing the amount of teachers per student, and making it available to all ages who desired to peruse education. These reforms where a major increase in Castro’s popularity. “The quality of life lies in knowledge”- Fidel Castro (The Right Priorities: Health, Education, and Literacy. PBS.o...
Just three years after taking office in 1970, Chile’s military removed the leftist President Salvador Allende from power. In Cuba, nearly forty years after his ascension to power in 1959, Fidel Castro continues to control a communist regime. In Chile in the early 1970s and in Cuba in the early 1990s, the United States exasperated severe economic crises. In addition, the United States attempted to foster political opposition to create ‘coup climates’ to overthrow both leaders. The similarities in these histories end there. Chile’s open, democratic political system allowed the U.S. to polarize the nation, paving the way for Pinochet’s U.S. backed military regime. In Cuba, however, thirty years of tight communist control negated the effectiveness of America’s effort to sow political dissent. This paper explores the impact of explicit American policy to overthrow both leaders, and proposes that divergent political, economic, and military structures contributed to vastly different outcomes.
Fidel Castro was a man who had a target on his head. Lots of people from all over the world wanted him dead. Fidel Castro wasn’t a capitalist person, he was a Communist.
Cuba's political history carries a pattern: when the masses are disillusioned by the current ruler, they turn to a young, strong-willed leader-of-the-people as their new ruler, only to become disillusioned to that ruler when he becomes too oppressive. It has seemed a never- ending cycle. Batista and Castro were both well-regarded leaders initially who appealed strongly to the masses and common citizen. Later, both established dictatorships and lost the support of many of those that they governed. Castro and Batista are each guilt of repression and corruption within their governments. For example, at some point under each regime, the constitution was either suspended or not followed at all. Castro did, though, make one very important contribution to Cuba's political system: Socialism. For the first time, Castro and Che Guevara a socialist plan called the New Man theory which called for developing an ideology amongst citizens that would call for working not for personal enrichment, but for social betterment.