What Is Environmental Security?

INTRODUCTION According to Buzan there are five main sectors of security studies, alongside Military,Political ,Economic, Societal and Environmental Security. Societal Security referred to sustainable development of traditional patterns of language, cultural, religious and national identities and customs of states (Buzan, 1991a). The concept of societal security was developed by the Copenhagen School of security studies toward the end of the Cold War. Societal security concerns the sustainability of traditional patterns of language, culture, religion, national identity and customs (Buzan, 1991a). Weaver (1993) explains that “society is about identity, about the self-conception of communities and of individuals identifying themselves as members

Environmental security is essential on the individual, community, national, and international levels. Intentional or unintentional disruptions of the natural environment, for example, climate change, natural resources such as water, or major sources of food such as fisheries, can constitute a threat. Environmental security concerns those threats; it is the relationship security and the natural environment. Environmental security was one of the non-traditional sectors in security studies, but increasingly it has deepened and broadened the concepts of security. Environmental security aims to secure both states and the environment. It is acknowledged that environmental factors can affect and or produce political disputes and violent conflicts. Environmental security also aims to prevent damage to the environment caused by military activities or environmental conflicts, preventing or responding to conflicts cause by environmental events, and protecting the environment (Collins,

The relationship we find between these climate variables and conflict outcomes are often very large."The researchers looked at 60 studies from around the world, with data spanning hundreds of years. The scientists say that with the current projected levels of climate change the world is likely to become a more violent place. They estimate that a 2C (3.6F) rise in global temperature could see personal crimes increase by about 15%, and group conflicts rise by more than 50% in some regions (Hsiang, Burke, & Miguel, 2013), (Morelle, 2013). However, other researchers have questioned whether climate breeds conflict, suggested that this environmental factor was not to blame for civil war in Africa (Morelle, 2013). A recent example of what might be a future conflict over water is the Nile River situation between Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt, Ethiopia is building a dam that might affect the share of Sudan and Egypt and they are negotiating about the best way for each countries to keep a fair