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whaling and its impact
whaling and its impact
whaling and its impact
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What Goes on at the IWC
-------"There Leviathan,
Hugest of living creatures, on the deep
Stretched like a promontory sleeps or swims,
And seems a moving land; and at his gills
Draws in, and at his trunk spouts out a sea."
Paradise Lost
Overexploitation is not limited to land resources alone. Just as our precious terrestrial and coastal habitats are delicate and too easily destroyed, so are the species of the open sea. Whales, some of the biggest and most powerful mammals on earth, are not strong enough to protect themselves from our murderous actions.
Since the first few centuries A.D., Japan and Norway have been whaling. The Dutch, British and Americans started a few hundred years ago. In the beginning, small boats and hand-thrown harpoons were used, but as technology advanced to fast motorboats, factory ships (on which whales are hunted for months at a time, killing and processing them at sea) and exploding harpoons, killing ability increased and more whales died. So many more, in fact, that several species have been threatened almost to the point of extinction. The California Gray whale was hunted almost to extinction in the last 1800s, then recovered, was hunted almost to extinction again by factory ships in the 1930s and 1940s, and recovered once more (Bryant). The species has been removed from the endangered species list, but they will be hunted again.
The International Whaling Commission (IWC) began regulating whaling in 1946. Regulation consisted of hunting quotas given to member nations, but the quotas were too high and whale populations declined. Many species have been reduced to "commercial extinction" (Doyle) in which they are too rare to be worth hunting, and many local populations have been eliminated. The Northern right whale's numbers are down to 325 in the North Atlantic and only 250 in the North Pacific, and the species is showing no signs of recovery (Bryant). Once blue whales were hunted so that only "about 450 remain [in the Antarctic]. . .two-tenths of one percent of the initial population size" (www.seaweb.org), the fin whale was targeted, then the sei whale, then the minke and humpback. All were hunted down to a fraction of the original populations.
In 1982, the IWC passed an indefinite moratorium on all whale hunting, putting an end to almost all commercial whaling, which, at its peak, meant the death of more than 50,000 whales a year. Some species have responded to this protection with increased numbers, and some have not.
When considering the amount of information that can be garnered from this section, it is nothing short of abundant. It adopts a traditional narrative format in order to depict every significant event that leads up to the conception of Sundiata. This exposition of the future King helps to inform the reader of what might be considered as cultural norms in this particular setting. The respect displayed towards soothsayers and their divinations by
...ng religion and foreign to the people of India, yet there is a defied truth that Islam’s spread peacefully throughout India with the alliances formed between the Indian people, the Turks, and the Mongols. The encounters that the ancient Indian people had to endure with the Turks, Mongols, and Islam have had the most memorable impact and impression on Indian culture and other societies throughout the east. Ancient Indian history is often overlooked within our society, but perhaps there should be a second look at how the Indian people have became who they are today, what attributes that have given society, and what pandemonium they have overcame as a civilization to stay in existence and stand against the test of time.
Dmitri was born on February 8, 1834 in Tobolsk, Siberia. His parents were Ivan Pavolich and Maria Dmitrievna Mendeleev. Mendeleev was one of fourteen children. Dmitri’s father struggled because he was blind. With him being blind, his mother had to take care of the entire family. The family was extremely poor, so Maria decided to open up a glass factory. Later on, it went to the ground because of finances . On a sad day , February 2, 1847 his father passed away . Maria was still determined to do good for her children, so she took Dmitri and walked to Moscow. She enrolled him in the Moscow University but he was denied. Then he went to Saint Petersburg and was accepted to the Pedagogy University . Mendeleev wanted to join the Pedagogy Course . A year later , his mother passed away . He decided he wanted to leave Saint Petersburg and find something better for his life . He then went to complete his education in Math and Science at Moscow .
This paper discusses two post-classical regions/societies (the post-classical Islamic and Indian society), and will draw upon the class lectures and readings to discuss the similarities and differences between the Islamic World and the Indian region during the post-classical era. The post-classical era refers to the historical period after the Iron Age, and falls between 200 CE and 1500 CE (Stearns, 79). During this period, there existed no enduring imperial authority, but the Indian society came to have a profound influence on the southern Asian cultures. During this time, it was also the norm to have regional kingdoms, and as a result, there were Indian forms of politics, economies and, religion all over the region, which was made possible by the extensive trade network within the Indian Ocean basin. As such, by the 13th c. C.E., there existed flourishing Muslim communities and emerging Sultanates from the Southern region of India to the Western Pacific Rim (Lecture 16).
The quest to gain international agreement on ethical and legal norms for regulation of whaling has had a long and troubled history. The modern phase of global concern over whaling ethics and conservationist management originated in 1946, when the International Convention on Regulation of Whaling was signed. Thus the International Whaling Commission was created. The International Whaling Commission was designed to control and mandate the whaling industry. From it’s beginning as simply a whalers club with scientific guidance, to the current day conservationist body; the IWC has undergone many revisions and transformations since the start. In 1982 the IWC voted to implement a “pause” on commercial whaling (which is still in effect today). Which major whaling nations, Japan, Norway, Peru, and the Soviet Union (later replaced by Russia) lodged formal objections, due to the fact that the moratorium was not based on advice from the Scientific Committee. One major disappointment of this regulation was due the fact that the moratorium only applies to commercial whaling. Thus, whaling under scientific-research and aboriginal-subsistence is still allowed. Japan and other countries have continued their hunt in the Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary under the “scientific research” loophole. However, environmental activist groups openly dispute the claims and continue their rally to end the whaling industry for good.
This quote basically states that Sundiata has been destined to be king all of his life because that is the life god has intended for Sundiata. Throughout the book there is many times where there is a reference to destiny and how Sundiata always seems to know the outcome before it happens. These occurrences where Sundiata can foresee the outcome is because Sundiata can see what God has planned for him.
The epic of Sundiata pertains to the ancient kingdom of Mali in Africa. The king there has two sons and multiple wives. Sundiata was set to have taken the throne being the first born son but suffered from an severely impairing illness that would prevent him to walk yet rule a kingdom. When their father, the king, died his second son took over the kingdom as king. He turned out to be an awful leader and treated his people and Sundiata terribly. Sundiata struggled immensely but was able to eventually beat his illness which was preventing him to walk. When the current king observed this, he felt very threatened and in retaliation stated that Sundiata and his mother were to be banished from the kingdom. Shortly after leaving they were accepted as family at a new kingdom far far away. Much time passes and several years later, Mali is under attack and Sundiata wins a battle. He then banishes his brother from the kingdom and takes the throne as it rightfully should have been hos to begin with.
The first hint of destiny we see in Sundiata begins in the chapter “The Buffalo Woman,” we see this when the hunter predicts the future of Maghan Kon Fatta and tells him to choose the “ugliest” woman in the future and to marry her because she will give birth to the seventh star (5). It displays the theme of destiny by the allowing the king to chose a rewarding future and what he is destined to do if he wants that future. Later in the epic, the king is presented with a choice of women to whom he would marry, and like the hunter instructed him to do, he chose the ugly woman to bear the savior of Mali,...
Throughout the African American civil rights movement opportunities were sought to spark a chance at improving conditions in the south. Rosa Parks refusing to give up her seat on the Montgomery, Alabama bus was the fire to that spark. Rosa, standing up for herself something anyone person in today’s world would do, was arrested and put in jail. While Rosa was in jail she caught the eye of many people in the Civil Rights Movement, including the leaders. The Civil Rights leaders protested her arrest and hired lawyers to aid her in her trial. Although she was found guilty and was fined fourteen dollars for the cost of the court case, which lasted on thirty minutes, she wasn’t done yet. Rosa Parks has affected the society we live in today in many ways, she is the most influential person the black community has ever seen.
Looking at Figure C, we can say more than 200,000 blue whales has been killed as results of overhunting. In 1966, the International Whaling Commission banned commercial whaling for blue whales, but illegal hunting still occurs (NOAA). While blue whales are no longer being threatened by overhunting, their population is drastically depleted. Like many other marine species, blue whales are being harm by many others factors today. This include collisions of ships, chemical pollution such as oil spills, and noise pollution from vessels (Eco). The population of blue whales is known to be around “10,000 to 25,000 ” (World Wild Life).
Sundiata is an epic of a powerful king who expanded the Mali empire to a great territorial area and he did so because he was destined. My mother read me a more simplified story of Sundiata as a child and through reading this book, I remembered so many lessons and African cultural traditions that I learned as a child. There were several interesting aspects of this epic that reflected some of the material we have learned thus far in class as well as other interesting themes that are repeated throughout it. Sundiata is an epic that recounts a historical event while teaching various African ideologies.
When one thinks of serial killers, the first thoughts that come to that person are usually of cold blooded adults. Two young, carefree teenagers almost never come to mind, and most would never even consider the idea. Charles Starkweather and Caril Fugate may just change the way people think of serial killers. The young couple rampaged across the state of Nebraska in early 1958, murdering ten people along the way. Most wonder what could cause such young people to turn into murderers with what seemed to be no conscience at all. Did Starkweather have a bad childhood? Bullying could have played a part in causing Charles to turn out the way he was. Caril Fugate became involved with Starkweather at the age of 13 and many questioned if it was possible for someone so young to have played a part in something as awful as murder. As the duo traveled, fear was struck into the public. No one knew why the victims were chosen. Did Starkweather or Fugate have a grudge against them? Were they trying to stop the two, or was it just sheer bad luck? Like most criminals, the pair was caught. They each had very different verdicts. Charles Starkweather and Caril Fugate changed the history of Nebraska drastically in just a short amount of time.
Maria favored Dmitri because he was the youngest child and started saving money to put him through college when he had still been quite young. As a child, Dmitri spent many hours in his mother’s factory talking to the workers. The chemist there taught him about the concepts behind glass making and the glass blower taught him about the art of glass making. Another large influence in Dmitri’s life had been his sister, Olga’s, husband, Bessargin. Bessargin had been banished to Siberia because of his political beliefs as a Russian Decembrist, (Decembrists, or Dekabrists as they were known in Russia, were a group of literary men who led a revolution in Russia in 1825.), so he spent most of his time teaching Dmitri the science of the day. From these people, Dmitri grew up with three key thoughts:
For almost 400 years, whales have been chased to near extinction. Vessels have travelled the globe to find and extract precious oil and gather whale meat to eat. This has resulted in over 10,000 whales being executed since the moratorium in 1986. A moratorium is a delay or suspension of an activity or a law and in this case a suspension of whaling. Also a ...
The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system. The brain doesn't just control your organs, but also can think and remember. That part of the brain is called the mind.