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Historyand identity
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1. La Malinche songs: Lila Downs, Ochoa (La maldición de Malinche) 2. Guamán Poma images: Atahualpa and Pizarro 3. Requerimiento reading 4. Discussion questions What does the verb chingar mean in Mexican Spanish? How does Octavio Paz explore the connotations of the word’s morphemes and why? How does it relate to the idea of the macho? How does these concepts relate to Mexican history and identity? - Is to do violence to another. Contain the idea of aggression in different levels. Denote violence. - A Word with innumerable meanings. They depends on the context and the voice inflection. Can be used in circumstances of happiness or sadness. - Chingon is the “macho” (male). Action/Power – produce violence / chingada is the female. Passive/subjugate- …show more content…
The mother is represent in the Malinche and the father in the Spaniards. However, the figure of the father disappear and the figure of the abandoned mother with her child’s is an image of the people. Remember the story about Martin son of Cortes’s son with Malinche. And the other son of his Spaniard woman. “The chingada is the Mother forcibly opened, violated or deceived. The hijo de la Chingada is the offspring of violation, abduction or deceit” (22-3) How is the veneration of Catholic religious symbols unique in Mexican culture? How are Christ and God the Father usually represented? What do Cuautémoc and the Virgin of Guadalupe represent? What is the connection between the Virgin and Tonantzin? - Transposition or displacement of the metaphorical Christian images: Father, Son and Mother. Father – God – dim …show more content…
Cortes encouraged Pizarro. The queen signed the capitulation and made Pizarro “Governor and Captain General of Peru” They found and advance civilization. Well Organized. Sophisticate. Regardless, Tumbez was only a glimpse. Quotation – Civil war has the country separate and exhausted. Maybe without this context the Spaniard could be have a hard time to subdue the Incas. Why does Atahualpa not seem preoccupied with the presence of the Spanish? How does Atahualpa enter the city of Cajamarca? How many soldiers did Pizarro have? What tactic did he have in mind and where did he learn this? - According some official text, he did not thought that Spaniard were capable of attack them. His impression were: they were less men and with low organizational capacity. So he allowed to Spaniard go further. He has more important thing to resolve. - Atahualpa was on the outskirt of Cajamarca resting after a battle. He made a performative entrance with five or six thousand men unarmed. He interpreted the image of the Spaniard as cowards
Doña Guadalupe is a woman of great strength and power, power and strength which she draws from her devout faith and her deep and loving compassion for her family, and power and strength which is passed down to her children. “‘Well, then, come in,’ she said, deciding that she could be handle this innocent-girl-stealing coyote inside. On going into the long tent, Salvador felt like he’d entered the web of a spider, the old woman was eyeing him so deliberately” (360). Doña Guadalupe is a very protective woman, which is extremely speculative when it comes to her children, this is especially true when it comes to boys, because she has not gone this far only for all of her hard work to be ruined by a no good boy. This shows how protective she is, she loves her family, and especially her kids so much that they themselves must pass her test before being able to pass on to her children. “The newborns were moving, squirming, reaching out for life. It was truly a sign from God” (58). Doña Guadalupe is also a very devout and faithful person. She sees God in everything and in everyone and by that fact, what she sees and who she sees is true, and she tries to be a model of clairvoyance for the family. “Doña Guadalupe put the baby’s little feet in a bowel of warm water, and the child clinging to his mother. He never cried, listening to her heartbeat, the same music that he’d heard from inside the womb” (57). Finally, Doña Guadalupe is very passionate which allows for a great model upon which her children follow. This further shows how she is clearly th...
Studys into the Aztec way of life have usually focused on the Spanish conquests, rise to power of Tenochtitlan and especially into the ritual performances conducted by the peoples of Mexica.
Slide 3- on the new expedition Pizarro brought with him a man by the name of Diego de Almargo in 1532 and used Ecuador as the staging point for new invasion of Inca Empire.
...n, Gonzalez states his identity; "I am Aztec Prince and Christian Christ." This combination of culture is the basis of his poem, which can be found at http://www.pbs.org/chicano/joaquin.html, and is representative of the heritage of Mexican Americans. The concept of Aztlan is explained in Chicano!, and the mural ‘Corazon de Aztlan,’ found in Chicano Park (http://chicanopark.org/murals/north/n8.html ), reinforces the importance of this image in the lives of Chicanos. The myth of Aztlan symbolizes centuries of culture and struggles of Mexican Americans who went through incredibly difficult times throughout history, but never lost hope and always stayed strong, determined to one day be treated equally as citizens of the United States of America.
Porfirio’s role in the revolution was to maintain dictatorial rule over Mexico after becoming president and to defeat Madero along with his forces, including Villa and Orozco. He resigned after his troops were defeated at the Battle of Juárez in 1911 and went to Europe.
Vargas Vila’s speech, “Facing the Barbarians” is about his view of American imperialism. The speech takes on a very angry tone. He explains that the Americans revel in their victory of conquest, leaving the Latin Americas weak, defeated, and afraid. He views American imperialism as conquest, invasion and extortion. He believes that the Americans are, “an arrogant and voracious race, hungry for [their] territory, fixed on conquest.” In other words he doesn’t see any benefits to the American’s having power over their country. He believes that as a people, they need to form a union and, “join together to defend [themselves] against invasion and extortion against Europe and North America.” In Vargas’s speech he conveys his disdain for the Americans
At the beginning Atahualpa had many defeats, but this didn´t stop him, on his way to Cusco, in charge of his generals. The most important battle that they had was the battle of Chontascaxas, where the people of Quito took prisoner to Sapa Inca. So Atahualpa´s army killed many closer families of Huascar specially the descendants of Tupac Yupanqui that was the panaca Cápac Ay...
Child rearing and family structure within the Hispanic culture is noticeably different than what is present in the mainstream Western culture of today. One apparent difference is in gender roles. There exists a vastly different expectation in Hispanic culture for males and females. The male is considered to be the independent breadwinner, and the head of the household. Accordingly, the female role is one of submission and provider of childcare. In contrast, it is more than acceptable in Western culture for a female to maintain a non-traditional role. Hispanic culture additionally differs from Western culture in the traditional makeup of the family. Within Hispanic culture the extended family plays a huge role
Demetria Martínez’s Mother Tongue is divided into five sections and an epilogue. The first three parts of the text present Mary/ María’s, the narrator, recollection of the time when she was nineteen and met José Luis, a refuge from El Salvador, for the first time. The forth and fifth parts, chronologically, go back to her tragic experience when she was seven years old and then her trip to El Salvador with her son, the fruit of her romance with José Luis, twenty years after she met José Luis. And finally the epilogue consists a letter from José Luis to Mary/ María after her trip to El Salvador. The essay traces the development of Mother Tongue’s principal protagonists, María/ Mary. With a close reading of the text, I argue how the forth chapter, namely the domestic abuse scene, functions as a pivotal point in the Mother Tongue as it helps her to define herself.
He was born into a family who struggled to support him in many different respects. Sadly, they were unable to provide Pizarro with the attention, finances, and education that he sought to have. Because of his unfortunate circumstances, he took care of pigs, something he never enjoyed and just did for some money. He eventually started to participate in more activities of his own interest. He joined the spanish army as a teen, which helped him learn skills related to fighting. In 1510 Pizarro went on an expedition with Alonso de Ojeda and 300 other settlers. On the expedition they established a colony named San Sebastian. Throughout the expedition many men were dying due to starvation, illnesses, and native attacks. About a year after, Pizarro started to gain wealth and befriended Diego de Almagro, finally setting sail on another expedition to South America. On their trip they found an abundance of gold and took it for themselves. After coming back from that expedition with Almagro, Pizarro heard of the Inca empire and how it was had many riches. Consequently, he went to go scout it out. After coming back, he got permission to be governor of new founded land. His next goal was to gain wealth and land. The first step of action he took was to set up a meeting with the Inca leader, Atahualpa. Atahualpa was underprepared for what was coming his way. When Pizarro arrived, he killed him and conquered the Inca
Catholicism glorifies and represents mothers as the main foundation of the family through the example of the passive and unconditional loving Mary, the mother of Jesus Crist. This idea of the mother as unconditional lover beings has been passed on and reproduced in the Chicana/o community. Gil Cuadros and Reyna Grande through their autobiographical work testify against this predominate idea of the mothers being caring and loving persons. Even though most mothers fall into the norm of a normal mother, normality is subjective, therefore Cuadros and Grande’s work represent the complexities of reality. Grande’s The Distance Between Us and Cuadro’s City of God are autobiographical narratives that incorporate reality as a form of testimonial of existence, an act of healing and resilience. Given that these author’s life experiences can be
Cortés came not to the New World to conquer by force, but by manipulation. Bernal Díaz del Castillo, in the "Conquest of New Spain," describes how Cortés and his soldiers manipulated the Aztec people and their king Montezuma from the time they traveled from Iztapalaopa to the time when Montezuma took Cortés to the top of the great Cue and showed him the whole of Mexico and its countryside, and the three causeways which led into Mexico. Castillo's purpose for recording the mission was to keep an account of the wealth of Montezuma and Mexico, the traditions, and the economic potential that could benefit Cortés' upcoming conquest. However, through these recordings, we are able to see and understand Cortés' strategy in making Mexico "New Spain." He came as a wolf in a sheep's clothing and manipulated Montezuma through his apparent innocence.
Catholicism glorifies and portrays mothers as the main foundation of the family through the example of the passive and unconditional loving Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ. This idea of mothers as unconditional loving beings has been passed on and reproduced in the Chicana/o community. Gil Cuadros and Reyna Grande, through their autobiographical work, testify against this predominate idea of mothers being always caring and loving persons. Even though most mothers fall into the norm of a normal mother, normality is subjective; therefore Cuadros and Grande’s work represent the complexities of reality. Grande’s The Distance Between Us and Cuadro’s City of God are autobiographical narratives that incorporate reality as a form of testimonial of existence, an act of healing and resilience.
One of the principle themes in the Aztec downfall was the immense greed of the Europeans. The principle goal of every major faction in Europe was to gain power and wealth it didn’t matter from what source. Everyone from popes and kings to the lowly soldier envisioned rivers of gold and fame. Ever since they had boats Europeans have been looking for lucrative trade routes and other ways to turn a profit. The ruling monarchs of these countries contributed a great deal to this. They saw vast profits from these ventures through taxes and the customary “ Royal Fifth” which was a fifth of all profits would go straight to the King and/or Queen. Also royalty or other nobility within the country personally funded a large majority of explorations. Trading and exploration companies just helped push the trend further and made the exploitation of newly discovered lands big business. While greed was defiantly a starting point for Cortez’s expedition, it was his greed while in Central Mexico that changed the tide of history. Cortez’s first encounters with the natives in Central...
She is the one that refuses to oblige to societal orders. She is the “Shadow-Beast” (38) with “Chicana identity grounded in the Indian woman’s history of resistance” (43). Although alienated physically, Anzaldua is “immobilized” (43) mentally the more confined she becomes in a culture engulfed in pure oppression. She claims her “shadow-beast” as the depiction of her highly wanted independence as an individual human being, which eventually forces her to leave her family behind to find herself separately from the “intrinsic nature buried under the personality that had been imposed” (38) for people like Anzaldua for many years. Her push for rebellion sets a voice for the silenced anger and pure resistance against the ostracism of herself, her family, culture, and the white-washed society she has been born into. To be the only Chicana, lesbian, and rebellious woman in her family is considered sinful, as women, according to Anzaldua, in Mexico only have “three directions she could turn: to the church as a nun, to the streets as a prostitute, or to the home as a mother” (39). Noticing that women are culturally restricted to these roles, Anzaldua creates the opposite role for herself claiming to take the “fourth choice” by “entering the world by way of education and career and becoming self-autonomous persons,” (39), which she uses to her advantage to transform the prolonged oppression into her long awaited freedom to live as an openly queer woman