There are many but I’m going to explain to you the different types that have been created especially for the specific virus or bacteria they are meant to prevent. There are live, attenuated vaccines this type of vaccine contains a version of the living virus that is weakened so that it cannot cause the disease in people with healthy immune systems. (Measles Mumps, Rubella MMR, Varicella are examples.) Inactivated Vaccines is the next type these are made of inactivated or dead viruses with these though multiple doses are often required to build up immunity. (Polio Vaccine is an example.)
When people refer to pathogens, they are talking about bacteria that cause disease. The toxins actually excreted... ... middle of paper ... ...on of an antibody for immediate effects to cure serious diseases. A vaccine is a way to acquire artificial active immunity. It is usually dead pathogens or weakened pathogens. This dosage would not get you ill be just enough for you body to have reactions and make their own antibodies.
The immune system utilizes its biological responses to protect the body from infection and disease. It's critical mechanisms allow for the rapid sensing and elimination of microbes that can harm your body. When a virus invades your body the immune system enforces a complex process to remove it. Your body carries out this process by identifying the virus, activating the immune system, and by restraining and eliminating the virus. When dealing with intruders, the body recruits relies on the adaptive immune system.
Specific mechanisms help the individual acquire the ability to defend against specific pathogens by prior exposure to these pathogens. This is a function of the lymphocytes, which will be discussed later on in depth. Mononucleosis affects the epithelium of the mouth where it is first introduced to the body, but that is the extent to which it is involved in the nonspecific defense mechanisms. The place where it does the most damage is the B-lymphocyte, which is a key component of specific immunity. To understand better what the infection does to the body we must look at the role of lymphocytes in the body briefly and how they do their work.
A vaccine is a manufactured drug, that helps your body fight of certain diseases, a vaccine is usually made by using a weak version of the virus or illness that is taken into the body so that your white blood cells can get trained for when the actual threat comes. The website www.wikipedia.com defines a virus as "A biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins." The first ever vaccine was created at around 1796 by a man named Edward Jenner who created a vaccine for smallpox by using cowpox. He did this by observing that those who have had cowpox couldn’t get smallpox.
The immune system plays a vital role in the fight against infectious diseases. It is capable of identifying pathogens that enter the body as foreign “invaders”, or antigens. This, in turn, signals the production of large, Y-shaped proteins called immunoglobulins (antibodies), which are used to pinpoint and neutralize these foreign substances. Vaccines contain the same antigens that cause disease; however, they are attenuated so that they are not strong enough to cause disease, but are able to stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against them. In essence, vaccination protects against disease by triggering the immune response against a specific pathogen.
A virus called HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) causes AIDS. If the body is effected, it will try to fight the infection. The immune system will produce antibodies, which are special molecules in the blood with the function to attack foreign bacteria or viruses. They attack antigens in a number of ways, by: making them clump together, neutralising the toxins released, reacting with the bacterial cells so as to ensure attachment to the phagocytes, and also damaging the cell wall using hydrogen peroxide.7 The HIV virus is passed from one person to another via blood-to-blood or sexual contact. In addition, infected pregnant women can pass HIV to their babies during pregnancy or delivery, as well as through breast-feeding.
Introduction Vaccines are biological preparations created from living organisms that enhance immunity against diseases by preventing (prophylactic) or treating (therapeutic) diseases. Vaccines are given in either liquid, injection, oral or intranasal forms. Vaccines are formulated using either the complete form of disease-causing organism or some components of the microorganism. Vaccines can be prepared from living organisms weakened from cultivation under sub-optimal conditions (attenuation) or genetic modification. As a result, it reduces the ability to induce disease.
Other cancers in humans are also known to be caused by viruses. It is tempting to assign human traits to viruses thinking of them as contriving and evil. But, they... ... middle of paper ... ... enter your body. Some vaccines, such as those for polio, measles and smallpox have been highly effective in removing the causative pathogens from the population. Others viruses including HIV, influenza and those that cause the common cold, are able to change enough to evade recognition by the responding antibodies as to render current vaccines useless.
Many studies have been lead to show that autism is not caused by vaccines. Therefore, if a parent is considering not vaccinating a child due to this reason, then they need to reconsider. However, it is understandable that a parent is simply taking precautions and thinking of what is best for their child. These lies about autism and vaccines should be put to rest in order to continue the successful avoidance of vaccine-preventable diseases. Many fibs of the side effects of vaccines are always being told; however, a frequent concern of vaccines causing autism has been refuted.