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Challenges and Opportunities in Our Media Environment
Mass media infiltrates every aspect of our lives, whether we want it to or not. This is the age of information, technology and entertainment. The media communicates its messages through multiple sources, some direct and some subliminal. While the benefits of 21st century mass media far outweigh the disadvantages, there are real challenges with the messages the media sends to the public and the public needs to be aware of the potential consequences. This paper will focus on the problems of gender stereotyping in the media, the negative impact of media conglomerates, like Disney perpetuating gender stereotypes and the emergence of innovative ideas to transform gender and cultural related
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The media uses language, visuals, codes and conventions, to tell us stories about who we are and how we are suppose to behave.” (Campbell p.221) Does the media reflect life or does life reflect the media’s version of life?
Gender stereotypes in the media continue to impact child development into the high school years and beyond. TV shows and movies, such as Glee, Mean Girls, Freak and Geeks, etc. “reduce the stories to stereotypes so that the audiences can label them.” (Campbell p.228) These TV shows and movies portray dumb jocks, dumb blonde cheerleaders, nerds and others typecasts. Although the intend is to be entertaining, it tends to “reassert dominant ideologies and hegemonic power.” (Campbell
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The media needs to be cautious to not typecast genders and restrict options for each gender. There must be a variety of different female heroines to model and different heroes for boys to aspire to become portrayed in movies and TV shows. Mass media has the power to influence attitudes and shape opinions and must do so responsibly.
So how are people changing gender stereotypes? Debbie Sterling, the founder of GoldieBlox and engineer graduate from Stanford University, has designed a toy that allows girls to become more interested in engineering. Sterling is trying to encourage young girls to become interested in engineers, a field dominated by men. “89% of engineers are male, so we literally live in a man’s world, yet 50% of the population are women” says Sterling. ( )When she was at Standford, she was always bothered by how few women there were in the program. In 2012, she released a prototype for GoldieBlox. Two years later, it won toy of the year and educational toy of the year. Creating this toy has allowed young girls to grow up and not be brainwashed by Disney movies. Sterling explains, “These toys develop spatial skills and gets kids interested in engineering and science.” ( )Sterling believes young girls do like pink and dressing up and reading, so she incorporated these into her design. But Sterling
In “Little Girls or Little Women? The Disney Princess Effect,” Stephanie Hanes covers the sexualization of young girls and women in every aspect of the media that influences children and teens. She explains that girls see media figures, movies, and sports being sexualized, and how this is causing children to associate looking and acting a certain way to being ‘the perfect women’. Hanes believes the hypersexualized media is causing girls to obtain a negative body image and it’s killing their self-esteem. The author proposes what she believes society should do about overcoming this obstacle, and how people can crush the stereotypes about women; to her everyone is responsible and should aid in fixing these problems. She explains that the media
Disney owns multiple television networks, is a large producer of box office hits, owns multiple theme parks and resorts across the world, and is a major supplier of children’s toys (Junn, 1997). For these reasons, and because of Disney universality, meaning its popularity worldwide, it has the ability to be globally influential on society’s youth. The potential for gender stereotypes in Disney movies was the reason for this study as it could have significant ramifications in the future (Thompson & Zerbinos, 1997). In an attempt to analyze the potential gender differences in Disney movies, we watched and coded five popular Disney movies, noting the character’s name, gender, and the occurrence of four predetermined behaviors, giving order, aggressive behaviors, performing domestic duties, and primping. Therefore, in the current study on the occurrence of gender stereotypical behavior in Disney tales and based on previous studies by Thompson and Zerbinos (1997), (Junn,1997), and Leaper et al (2002), first, we predicted that male characters would exhibit masculine stereotypical behaviors such as giving orders and being aggressive, more often than feminine stereotypical behaviors and women would display feminine stereotypical behaviors such as performing domestic duties and primping, more often than masculine stereotypical behaviors in Disney movies. Second, we hypothesized that women would have more fluidity in these
There are so many codes of cultural context to learn, social rulebooks to observe and accept norms to understand. It’s flung at us in disjointed bits and pieces, seemingly offhand phrases and at informal moments. Maybe the core stereotyping role we are all passed from birth is based on gender and the norms that surround it, that never leaves our side. Director Siebel Newsom is no newcomer to gender issues. With 2011’s “Miss Representation,” a study of the damaging effects of mainstream media on women and girls, she addressed the frequently accepted underdog gender in an inspirational
...ironment. Young people use all kinds of media to find out who they are and what the world is like. The media is a powerful influence on children’s ideas and understanding of the world. If Disney continues to portray women with these stereotypical ideas, this endless cycle of gender roles will never be diminished.
Society cements certain roles for children based on gender, and these roles, recognized during infancy with the assistance of consumerism, rarely allow for openness of definition. A study conducted by Witt (1997) observed that parents often expect certain behaviors based on gender as soon as twenty-four hours after the birth of a child. The gender socialization of infants appears most noticeably by the age of eighteen months, when children display sex-stereotyped toy preferences (Caldera, Huston, & O’Brian 1989). This socialization proves extremely influential on later notions and conceptions of gender. Children understand gender in very simple ways, one way being the notion of gender permanence—if one is born a girl or a boy, they will stay that way for life (Kohlberg 1966). “According to theories of gender constancy, until they’re about 6 or 7, children don’t realize that the sex they were born with is immutable” (Orenstein 2006). The Walt Disney Corporation creates childhood for children worldwide. “Because Disney are such a large media corporation and their products are so ubiquitous and wide spread globally, Disney’s stories, the stories that Disney tell, will be the stories that will form and help form a child’s imaginary world, all over the world, and that’s an incredible amount of power, enormous amount of power” (Sun). Because of the portrayal of women in Disney films, specifically the Disney Princess films, associations of homemaker, innocence, and dependence are emphasized as feminine qualities for young children. Thus, children begin to consider such qualities normal and proceed to form conceptions of gender identity based off of the movies that portray the very specific and limiting views of women (...
According to the film, Miss Representation, the media “are shaping our society and delivering contents, but shaping children’s brains and minds (Newsom, 2011). Brooks and Hebert (2006) also discuss that “Much of what audiences know and care about is based on the images, symbols, and narratives in radio, television, film, music, and other media” (p. 297). The media is mostly governed by white men. “Women own only 5.8% of all television station and 6% of radio stations” (Newsom, 2011). “The limited employment of women in decision-making roles is the key element in understanding how gender inequality is woven into the media industry” (Watkins & Emerson, 2000, p. 155). Collins (1999) points out that elite groups manipulate controlling images that marginalize specific groups. As a result, girls and women are encouraged to achieve men’s ideals, impossible beauty standards; young men who are used to such models are judgmental toward real women (Newsom, 2011). Moreover, advertisers and marketers have had “dictated cultural norms and values” since the establishment of the Advertizing First Amendment Protection in 1976 (Newsom,
Stivers, Richard. “The Media Creates Us in its Image.” Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. June 2012.Web. Apr. 2014.
Miss Representation, a documentary film produced by Jennifer Siebel Newsom released in 2011, presents a contemporary issue which is the misrepresentation of women’s portrayal in mass media. The media is powerful in shaping audience’s belief in how to be feminine. Women are expected to be beautiful, attractive, and even sexual on the media to attract audience’s attention. Also, the film points out the existence of social system in which men are considered more powerful and dominant than women. Finally, the film tries to increase the awareness of female real value including capability, educational achievement, and leadership. Consuming the media wisely to eliminate gendered stereotypes can help young women build their confidence and be successful.
It is almost impossible to go one whole day without encountering so form of media. As a human race we are constantly surrounded by media whether it is TV, radio, or newspapers it is everywhere we look. Being constantly surrounded by media, impacts how people think and behave because it sets an example for its viewers. A big effect of media we are seeing is how people are viewing gender roles. Media shapes gender roles by showing what each gender does in a “normal” life and a “normal” household; we see this explained in Deborah Tannen’s “Why can’t He Hear What I’m Saying”, “After the Fact” by James Davidson and Mark Lytle, also in Katha Pollitt’s “Why Don’t Boys Play with Dolls.
The media, through its many outlets, has a lasting effect on the values and social structure evident in modern day society. Television, in particular, has the ability to influence the social structure of society with its subjective content. As Dwight E. Brooks and Lisa P. Hébert write in their article, “GENDER, RACE, AND MEDIA REPRESENTATION”, the basis of our accepted social identities is heavily controlled by the media we consume. One of the social identities that is heavily influenced is gender: Brooks and Hébert conclude, “While sex differences are rooted in biology, how we come to understand and perform gender is based on culture” (Brooks, Hébert 297). With gender being shaped so profusely by our culture, it is important to be aware of how social identities, such as gender, are being constructed in the media.
Socialization of people has been occurring through family, public education and peer groups. However in recent years, the mass-media has become the biggest contributor to the socialization process, especially in the ‘gender’ sector. The mass-media culture, as influential as it has become, plays the most significant role in the reproduction process of gender role stereotypes and patriarchal values. It is true that a family model of nowadays is based rather on equality than on patriarchal values and women have more rights and possibilities on the labor market. However, mass-media still reflect, maintain, or even ‘create’ gender stereotypes in order to promote themselves.
Through the duration of our lives we are inadvertently exposed to a plethora of social stereotypes that shape our thoughts and behavior. These stereotypes are instilled through various forms of media such as movies, tv shows, and music. Disney animated movies, specifically, are a popular and parent approved form of entertainment for young children. Yet, many parents are seemingly unaware of the fact that children to be easily susceptible to the subliminal ideas and actions seen in movies. This leads to young children, who minds are still in the developmental stage, to have misconstrued opinions, behaviors, and beliefs. Adolescent girls tend to base their perception of gender roles in society off the unrealistic story lines seen in Disney movies such as The Little
“Media stereotypes are inevitable, especially in the advertising, entertainment and news industries, which need as wide an audience as possible to quickly understand information. Stereotypes act like codes that give audiences a quick, common understanding of a person or group of people—usually relating to their class, ethnicity or race, gender, sexual orientation, social role or occupation.”
When people imagine women in the media we often imagine women playing a negative role. As our media sources grow women continue to establish a negative stigma to them. Research shows that women in the media should either have bodies that may not be attainable and play a role where they have to find a man to obtain success and happiness. Although, women have extensively roles in every characteristic of life, the extended list of in human behavior given seems to never end. Sources such as the government and social action groups are taking helpful actions to supply women true pride in economic, social and personal areas. In attempt the mass media have a critical role reporting misleading actions, using public opinions, bringing social change and emphasizing positive improvement.
Gender stereotyping has been ongoing throughout history. The media has been distorting views by representing gender unrealistically and inaccurately. It created an image of what "masculinity" or "femininity" should be like and this leads to the image being "naturalized" in a way (Gail and Humez 2014). The media also attempts to shape their viewers into something ‘desirable’ to the norm. This essay will focus on the negative impacts of gender-related media stereotypes by looking at the pressures the media sets on both women and men, and also considering the impacts on children.