Welfare Reform
"The U.S. Congress kicked off welfare reform nationwide last October with the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, heralding a new era in which welfare recipients are required to look for work as a condition of benefits." http://www.detnews.com/1997/newsx/welfare/rules/rules.htm. Originally, the welfare system was created to help poor men, women, and children who are in need of financial and medical assistance. Over the years, welfare has become a way of life for its recipients and has created a culture of dependency. Currently, the government is in the process of reforming the welfare system. The welfare reform system’s objective was to get people off the welfare system and onto the job market. The hope was to move people from dependency to self-reliance. This new system has been termed as workfare.
Opposition to the new welfare reform system has occurred. Some believe that, "participation in a welfare-to-work program might create new problems for children by adding strains to family life or by exposing children to poor substitute care arrangements
for policies that design welfare-to-work programs that pursue the dual goals of economic self-sufficiency for families and healthy development of children." http://www.cyfernet.org/welfare/roleextprog/current.html.
"Welfare policies aimed at improving family circumstances for both children and parents must not make the error of focusing solely on parents; if the intention is to enhance the immediate and long-term development of both generations within the nuclear family, then policies must differentiate between youth and their parents."http://www.cyfernet.org/welfare/roleextprog/four_themes.html.
These issues have b...
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...d other Contributing Factors on Public Opinion. [ONLINE] Available: http://excellent.com.utk.edu/`mmmiller/jpr525.thompson.html [1996, Fall]
Giving Credit Where Credit is Due: A New Approach to Welfare Funding. [ONLINE] Available: http://www.beaconhill.org/BHIStudies/TaxCredit.htm [1995, December]
Helping Welfare Recipients Stay Employed. [ONLINE] Available: http://www.nga.org/Welfare/EmploymentRetentionEmployed.htm
Serving Welfare recipients with Learning Disabilities in a Work First Environment. [ONLINE] Available: http://www.nga.org/Pubs/IssueBriefs/1998/9807281Learning.asp [1998, July 28]
Welfare and its Reformation to Workforce [ONLINE] Available: http://www.maxweber.hunter.cuny.edu/eres/docs/eres/POLSC111_SHERRILL-TIEN/PoliSci%20Web3/13/00)ject.htm
Welfare Reform: Myth vs. Fact [ONLINE] Available:
http://www.urban.org/news/events/npc/myth/htm.
Hays found that initially most welfare workers were optimistic and even excited about the changes. Most workers felt that the Act represented real progress and allowed for positive changes which would positively impact the lives of their clients. Hays spoke to one welfare who said that welfare reform “offered the training and services necessary to 'make our clients' lives better, to make them better mothers, to make them more productive.'” But as she was soon to find out, welfare reform, while it did have a positive impact on the lives of some welfare clients, made the lives of most clients more difficult, not to mention the stress that it caused for the welfare workers who had to deal with the often confusing and illogical new rules.
?Off Welfare, Better Off.? National Center for Policy Analysis. October 1,2002. http://www.ncpa.org/iss/wel/2002/pd100102a.html. (March 26, 2003).
A gladiators life was far from easy. Most were slaves, prisoners of war, or hardened criminals, therefore they were not free men. Often times they were trained and forced to take part in the events, hoping for their freedom if they were to conquer their grim fate and survived for a few years (wik). This was depicted in the most recent movie GLADIATOR. In this film Russel Crowe Maximus' starts out as an army general under Marcus Aurelius, until Commudus murders his own father out of spite for his fathers loyalty to Maximus and not him. He then inherits the title of king, and condemns Maximus to a gruesome fate as a slave/gladiator. Though this doesn't sound like the ideal life, to some at the time is was an appealing, so much so that some free men degraded themselves so they could battle in the games. Was it for basic living? Possibly but more than likely it was for the Fame and Prestige of a Gladiator. These free men were known as Professional gladiators.
Wood, Joann. "Rap Music." Nova Online. C.T. Evans and J. Wood., Apr. 2004. Web. 3 May 2014.
As the main performers of the most popular entertainment in a war plagued world, gladiators are often perceived to live a very tragic, wasted life- one that is filled with risks and danger at every turn. But even so, it is an opportunity for the people to rise above social barriers and ultimately became superstars. Few emerged glorious, and those who do must face a cruel path in their everyday life. Follow along on the journey of the success and failures of Ancient Roman gladiators, as we trace the beginning of the gruesome sport, the gladiator’s daily life, hardship, as well as the stories of the l...
A race issue that occurs within the rap and hip-hop musical genre is the racial stereotypes associated with the musical form. According to Brandt, and Viki rap music and hip- hop music are known for fomenting crime violence, and the continuing formation of negative perceptions revolving around the African-American race (p.362). Many individuals believe that rap and hip-hop music and the culture that forms it is the particular reason for the degradation of the African-American community and the stereotypes that surround that specific ethnic group. An example is a two thousand and seven song produced by artist Nas entitled the N-word. The particular title of the song sparked major debates within not only the African-American community thus the Caucasian communities as well. Debates included topics such as the significance and worth of freedom of speech compared with the need to take a stand against messages that denigrate African-Americans. This specific label turned into an outrage and came to the point where conservative white individuals stood in front of the record label expressing their feelings. These individuals made a point that it is because artists like Nas that there is an increase in gang and street violence within communities. Rap and hip-hop music only depicts a simple-minded image of black men as sex crazed, criminals, or “gangsters”. As said above, community concerns have arisen over time over the use of the N-word, or the fact that many rappers vocalize about white superiority and privilege. Of course rap music did not develop these specific stereotypes, however these stereotypes are being used; and quite successfully in rap and hip-hop which spreads them and keeps the idea that people of color are lazy, all crimin...
The issues surrounding welfare and welfare reform are controversial, political, and difficult to resolve. The debate continues today as to who deserves benefits and who does not. In 1933, President Roosevelt created Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) as part of the New Deal. This early form of welfare was available to those who could demonstrate a need and the ability to maintain minimal assets of their own. It specifically targeted aid to single women with children. It was a controversial and highly debated subject. Even now, many years later, Congress continues to debate and reform welfare programs. It still brings with it the same intensity, controversy, and conflicting opinion it did years ago.
The question I’m setting out to research for this paper is whether or not Hip Hop promotes misogyny and violence. This question implies several further questions that must be answered in order to come to a conclusion, these questions being, what is Hip Hop, what is misogyny, and what is violence? To answer these questions, I’ve chosen these six sources using the John Jay database, and I will explain what each source reveals and how it relates and answers my questions that will, ultimately, help to draw a conclusion in the finalized research paper.
Violence has made a home in American society. Since TV shows and movies provide a large source of entertainment for Americans, networks and Hollywood find themselves constantly competing for viewers. As the competitions heat up, so does the content shown on the screen, but some of that content as struck a nerve with people. The large amount of violence, and more specifically violence against women, portrayed on TV and in movies has people taking action to clean up the screen.
Dolgoff, R. & Feldstein, D. (2003). Understanding social welfare (7th ed). New York, Allen & Bacon
Vesicovaginal fistula is a tear from the bladder or anus to the vagina that causes urine or feces to leak and can arise from physical complications from the birth of a child. In 1849, the American surgeon James Marion Sims was credited with being the first doctor to successfully repair this condition surgically (Ojanuga 1993). His methods included operations on 14 African American female slaves without the benefit of anesthesia. Many women underwent multiple operations, as many as 30 separate times (Macleod 1999). However, Sims is hailed as a heroic and noble contributor to the medical world and women’s health, yet his work only recently been questioned regarding his controversial operations on slaves. The issues surrounding Sims’ works concern the morality and ethics of Sims’ operations and whether the “ends justified the means” when looking at the findings vs. the methods. Undoubtedly, Sims contributed volumes of knowledge and expertise to gynecology by pioneering new technologies and techniques that were surgically successful (Zacharin 2008). After observing postcolonial society through Sims’ lasting discoveries, his critics and supporters, and his own autobiography, I believe that the production of Sims’ surgical contributions came at far too high of a cost. His barbarous actions helped to perpetuate the degradation of women, and African American female slaves in particular, and also promote slavery. This topic is important because the medical world has a responsibility to acknowledge the roots and founders of its discipline and cannot turn a blind eye to these appalling acts, as so many textbooks and medical journals have. Since its birth, the politics of medicine has perpetuated a racial hegemony and the combination of Sims ...
Socioeconomic Disparities and health are growing at a rapid rate throughout the United States of America. To further understand the meaning of Socioeconomic Disparities, Health and Socioeconomic disparities & health, this essay will assist in providing evidence. Disparities can be defined in many ways, of which include ethnic and racial background and class types that deal with it the most. Due to the low income some individuals receive, they have less access to health care and are at risk for major health issues. Although, ethnicity and socioeconomic status should not determine the level of health care one should receive or whether not the individual receives healthcare.
However, just this year a song by Miley Cyrus sparked a “twerking” outbreak, and there simply is no denying the impact it had on teenagers throughout the entire country. The problem, though, is that hip-hop music promotes things far worse than the provocative dancing that was advocated in Cyrus’s song. Others argue that culture is not actually being affected by the music, and it is actually the opposite. They claim that the lyrics in hip-hop music are poetry of the streets, and it embodies black victimhood in the ghetto. However, if we accept this, we are accepting the fact that the “ghetto life” is so hopeless that an explosion of violence is justified. By encouraging rappers that promote this type of behavior we are deeming the behavior acceptable just because the “ghetto life” is tough. However, rape and murder should never be seen as acceptable, and nor should the advocacy of it
...behavior and stronger feelings of inequity. This study also looked at the race of the listeners. Black and white subgroups identified with resistance representations while Asians did not. This article shows that rap is popular among diverse groups of young people but still the majority are black students. The thing that the white, black, and Asian students who identified with hip-hop had in common was that felt that they had a lack of cultural capital and were not doing so well in school. They found that whites and Asians who listened to hip-hop were more violent. The black youth did not fit this pattern; liking hip-hop was not a predictive factor for crime. For black youth, the appreciation for rap music are more associated with feelings of social injustice as well as having a lower cultural capital. This study will help to show how hip-hop influences other races.
Niewczyk, Paulette M., and Jamson S. Lwebuga-Mukasa. "Is Poverty the Main Factor Contributing to Health Care Disparities? An Investigation of Individual Level Factors Contributing to Health Care Disparities."WWW.JEHONLINE.COM. THE JOURNAL OF EQUITY IN HEALTH, Oct. 2008. Web. 7 May 2014.