Water Resource Management Case Study

The concept of Common property water resource and its governance:

According to Singh (1994) all the natural and man-made resources used by the people in common, such as the Grazing Land, the water sources-pond, river, stream, etc. the forest etc. the owner of those resource is a particular group, as mentioned by Chopra and Dasgupta (2002) that the community of a village, a tribe or a particular community are act as an owner of the common resource where the owner consume and manage the resource according to their need. Hoffman (2013) documented about the importance of common resource for the survival of poor population and how the communities are suffering because of the decline of common resource. He discussed about the water resource as

Berkes (2004) justifies that the community based conservation helps to continue the interest of both the parties, the resource as well as community, because it is based on the idea of conservation and utilization, where the development are also simultaneously achieved. In this statement UNCED also mentioned the community initiative of resource management helps to achieve sustainable

Though, the water covers the one third of the earth surface the amount of fresh water is very less. For that the management of the available water resource as well as the quality control is needed. Water plays an important role in production of food; therefore it is essential features for agriculture. According to FAO (2003) report, that out of the total water resource the available in developing country, 85% utilize in the agricultural activity. The research on Indigenous irrigation system in Sub-Saharan Africa, Adams et all (1994) documented the importance of an irrigation system in agricultural production, potential and development, quite apart from the broader historical and anthropological interest. The replacement of indigenous or traditional irrigation system with new technologies can have complex effects on the ability of a local community to maintain the system as well as management of a system. Kumar et all (2006) in the article on irrigation system in Kumaun Himalaya which is managed by both state and farmer, talks about the importance of irrigation system in India. According to them that, regulated supply of soil water helps in growing the agriculture productivity, in India due to the erratic rainfall there is a need to maintain the moisture of the soil for agricultural productivity. Pattanaaik et all (2012) cited that due to the