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racial segregation in sports
Ethnic segregation in sports
racial segregation in sports
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Six Feet Deep As I grabbed onto the rope, jumping to the next platform while on the water-rope obstacle course, I felt confident in myself, thinking, “I can make it to the next one without falling into the water.” I looked at it and leaned on the rope, jumping for it, but I missed it just by a hair and went feet first down into the six feet deep water at White Water. I was shocked at first, because it was my first time being in water higher than my 5’4” self, but I got calm in the water very quickly. I felt okay for the first couple of seconds, even if I did not know how to swim. I was using my arms to pull myself back up to the top, and then suddenly I started to panic, shaking my body back and forth, and trying my best to get to the surface. That is when I knew I was drowning. Strangely enough, while my body was freaking out, my mind was completely calm and the one thing that was going through my mind was, “Why is that cute lifeguard not saving me?” After he watched me wail around for a couple more seconds, he finally jumped in an unheroic way and saved me. When I finally got back to dry concrete, my friends came to me asking if I was okay and laughing hysterically and saying, “I thought you knew how to swim?” I replied, “I don’t, but I thought it would just come naturally to me if I just went in.” After that horrific event, I stay away from pools as much as possible and only go in if I can touch the bottom and my head is above the water without freaking out. It makes me wonder to this day why my parents, like other African-Americans parents, never taught their children how to swim? There are many factors involving why many African-Americans were never taught to swim and are not willing to learn. In this day and age, most Afri... ... middle of paper ... ... asked my parents why they never taught me how to swim, they simply said that they forgot. Thus, my answer to my question is it was not my hair, economic, social standing or even historical aspects, but my parents' lack of patience and forgetfulness. Nonetheless, these are still some of the major factors explaining why many African-Americans do not know how to swim. Works Cited Smith, Earl. Race, Sport And The American Dream / Earl Smith. n.p.: Durham, N.C. : Carolina Academic Press, c2009., 2009. Harvard Library Bibliographic Dataset. Web. 8 Feb. 2014 Southgate, Martha. "Water Damage." The Opinion Pages. The New York Times, 10 Aug. 2010. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. “What African Americans Can Do To Bridge The Swimming Gap: A Call To Action.” International Journal Of Aquatic Research & Education 5.4 (2011): 449-475. SPORTDiscus with Full Text. Web. 5 Feb. 2014.
...tudents, American slaves, and 1890’s immigrant children, in similar ways. Sport is often vital to the autonomy, freedom, and pride of its participants especially in regards to the Native American students at boarding schools. Even though individuals may have thought that the schools were exploiting the talents of the Native American students, which they may have been, no one considered how the students actually viewed sport at the time. There often needs to be less preoccupation with political correctness and more focus on how certain actions actually affect the ones involved. Even if the schools were exploiting the students by sport, sports should never even been taken away from the Native American students of boarding skills due to the fact that it was sport that often was allowing them to develop; not only as a Native American, but as an individual as well.
One theory on why blacks have become more athletic than whites is through evolution and selective breeding. Slave owners wanted the biggest and strongest slaves to work on plantations; therefore a strong black man was mated with a strong black woman. Africans were originally brought to America as a physical specimen. They were expected to work the fields day in and day out. In January of 1988 Jimmy "the Greek" Snyder, a commentator on CBS’s NFL show made a remark about black athletes that cost him his job. Snyder stated, "Think of what the African slaves were forced to endure in this country merely to survive. Black athletes are their descendants"(Entine 72). The comment quickly surfaced through the media and many people were outraged. Snyder was eventually fired from CBS. Although, according to some, his remarks weren’t far off what from what could be the truth. So why were people so furious by these remarks? Saying that blacks and whites are simply different seem to ignite thoughts of racism. People are terrified to comment on this topic because of the repercussions that may occur. But without research and scientific studies there seems to be no way to reach a conclusion to a very controversial, but evident topic, that blacks are better than whites at sports. Entine makes a very strong argument by stating "No other group of Americans in such large numbers has had to pass such rigorous tests of survival as has the Negro"(73). The history of African slaves and the physicality that was required of them only seems relevant to the evolution of the modern black athlete.
Many Americans watch sports for the fun of the game; it is a form of relaxation or excitement. Becoming an athlete is something many dream about and some strive for a portion of their lives trying to make it a reality. But is it just as attainable for women as it is men? Being able to make a career out of something a person enjoys is something many dream about. Women do not have the same advantages when it comes to being an athlete or upward mobility in employment. There has been some progress in the equality of men and women but not enough. Hegemonic masculinity still affects women’s chances at succeeding in employment and sports because of perceived gender roles, stereotyping, and discrimination.
Wiggins, David Kenneth, and Patrick B. Miller. 2003. The unlevel playing field: a documentary history of the African American experience in sport. Urbana: University of Illinois Press
I was one of the first people to jump into my inflatable duckie, but I was one of the last to get on the river. Once I launched into the river I looked all around me to see the shores covered in pointy trees that were trying to impale anyone who dared go near them. Out of nowhere I hit a rock under the waves, but it was too late and I lost all control of my boat and fell face first into the river. After hitting the water I realized really how cold and dark the water was I started to try to swim to the surface, but it felt like I had cinder blocks attached to my feet weighing me down. SPLASH, I got to the surface in time to grab my slippery oar and jumped onto my boat. I was shaking from the cold water, and had a taste of salty muggy water in my mouth, which I was desperately trying to get out. I quickly paddled in my boat to get back to the group so I wouldn’t be left behind. While paddling I was looking all around at the massive evergreen trees standing on the shore as if they were columns of a old building, the sky as a large blue ocean, and the birds chirping as if they were fans in the stadium at a football game. Breaking the tranquility of the moment was one of the people in the group with me yelping as they fell off their boat down a cold two foot drop in the
No one else except for my friend sitting next to me seemed to notice that the raft in front of us was stopped. As we got closer we heard them shouting something, but no one could understand them over the sound of the water clashing against the rocks. We kept approaching, getting closer and closer, and out of nowhere we saw something bobbing up and down in the water – all I could tell was that it was bright orange. It only took a few seconds to realize that it was someone holding onto their life jacket was latched on a rock, and right behind him was a small waterfall that was trying to suck him in. We got closer and I realized that I would be closest to him as we passed, but I would not be able to reach him with my arms. I reached out as far as I could with my paddle, yelling at him to grab it. I was not even the one in the water, and yet it was still one of the scariest moments of my life when he let go of the life jack in order to reach for my paddle. He grabbed it as tightly as he could and my friend next to me helped me pull him in. Everyone else was trying to slow down the raft so that he could get pulled in before we went down the waterfall, and thankfully, due to everyone’s straining effort, we were able to accomplish just that. The look of relief on his face said it all,
I no longer have the energy to keep my head above the water and with one quick gasp of air my body starting floating further and further away from the surface. The commotion from the outside world slowly turns into a low hum and I am left alone with simply me and my thoughts. My entire body is throbbing in pain and it feels as though my throat has been set on fire. My throat is screaming for oxygen
When my family and I went out on our boat in Lake Rays town, I said to my dad as we rode by a big rock that people were jumping off, "Can we go cliff jumping?" Since, I didn't like being scared of heights so I felt, maybe this was a chance to get over it. On or way to the cliff I was terrified but I wanted to accomplish this so I stuck to it. As we were getting closer to the rock I was getting more and more nervous. I was so close to telling my dad to turn back but I didn't. I kept thinking throughout my mind what if I slip and fell? I was afraid that I may get seriously injured.
I just pulled it out and then stepped onto the beach. I felt the sand flow through my toes as my foot indented the sand. I put on my wet suit and my snorkel mask and headed out. Getting my body up to my chest in the water was easy but my head was hard. After giving myself a pep talk, I dunked my head under water. For the first 5 seconds I had my eyes closed because of the cold water. I immediately forgot about the cold as soon as my eyes opened. I saw a bunch of tropical fish and was amazed. As I went deeper I saw more and more fish and coral. I saw an angel fish and decided to dive down to it. After about 4 feet down I could feel the pressure on my body from all sides. I felt like gravity turned upside down as I tried to swim deeper. My lungs felt like a vacuum that was imploding on itself. I then had to surface. I knew that my mom m used to be a life guard so I asked her for help. She told me to take 3 deep breathes before diving down and that I should mainly use my legs for power. I tried it and I was able to reach the angelfish. After about 20 minutes I started to really feel the cold. On my way in I saw my first sea turtle! I called for my family and they came over to see it. I was careful to not swim over it so that
After that the lifeguard just left me in the water, and I started going under. The
Eisen, George, and Wiggins, David K. (1994). Ethnicity and Sport in North American History and Culture. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
To be fair, the experience was super exhilarating and amazing, but I had gotten off on the wrong foot. About 30 minutes earlier, I had drowned myself in a pool of self doubt, sincerely believing there was absolutely no way I would be able to face my fear
As the driver whipped us once more, we heard the sound of ripping, and looked at each other with terrified looks upon our faces. It was at this moment that we were no longer in clouds of happiness, but, instead fear entered our minds. We both looked down at the rip in the side of the tube that had grown dramatically, and all of a sudden we were flung from the tube and into the water. The cover around the tube ripped and it flung out from underneath us. As we were smacked on the water, we were doing somersaults underwater, because of the speed we were going and the impact against the water. When we came up from under the water, our eyes were in so much pain, and we felt as if we couldn't even move. There was water in my nose, mouth, and ears, but we were ultimately glad that we were okay. After our shocking incident, we got back onto the boat and were still a little freaked out. That was our last time tubing for the day, not only because we were still in shock, but also because we destroyed the tube. To this very day, I still have a love and passion for tubing and doing water sports even though I had a very scary
Throughout history, it is easy to recognize how African Americans have triumphed in sports. It is also enlightening and empowering to see and recognize the challenges that women faced in the past with achieving recognition in sports as compared to that of men.