Techniques for the management of waste water
Waste Water:-
First of all we should not what waste water is. Any water that is contaminated by human waste or waste from other harmful substances is termed specifically as “waste water”. There are several activities of human that is polluting our water and ultimately risking our lives or we can also say that they are slow poisoning us Humans.
Contaminants of the waste water:-
The contaminants include detergents, soaps, oils, chemicals, artificial dyes, garbage, lubricants, medicines, human waste, animal waste, microbes, and sometimes food too. In our country, industrialist build big factories but they don’t make proper arrangements for the disposal of the waste that may be in the form of liquid or in the form of toxic gases. Factories directly discharge the waste liquid into the sea or rivers. Fishes may consume those toxic chemicals and die or it starts accumulating in their bodies. When, we, humans, will eat those fishes then the toxin will transfer in our body and cause us diseases. There is certain quantity of these contaminants that can be tolerated by human body. If the quantity is greater than the tolerable amount then it can lead to disastrous effects and ultimately death. In order to save our environment and our lives scientists designed some techniques by which this waste can be either recycled and used again or disposed of.
Water-borne Diseases:-
There are many diseases that are caused by consuming waste water or polluted water.
The diseases include:
1. Amoebiasis;
2. Cholera;
3. Dysentery;
4. Diarrhoea;
5. Malaria;
6. Polyomavirus Infection;
7. Polio mellitus.
Techniques for the management of waste water:-
There are certain techniques which can help us to ...
... middle of paper ...
...ng upon the condition of the liquid. Same is the case here; in this process industrial waste water is treated with some acid or base to maintain the pH of the water.
As we all know that lime is a base so it is added in the acid wastes to neutralize them.
Coagulating:-
Coagulation is the process by which a chemical is added in the water that forms insoluble products that are ultimately eliminated from the system. End products serve to remove the substances from the waste water. Its examples include using polyvalent metals; lime, ferric chloride, ferric sulfate and aluminum sulfate. They are typical coagulants.
Adsorbing:-
Activated carbon is used to adsorb substances on it.
Ion Exchanging:-
Ion exchange was used previously for removing small ions from the waste water but now it is not used extensively. This process involves exchanging certain ions for other ions.
For example, when the labors take oil from the ocean or sea, the oil may leak from the pipes and it will mingle with water. That time the living things in the sea are destroyed by the polluted water. So many fishes and sea organism may
Then, the weak acid was isolated from the NaOH extract. After cooling the mixture, HCl was pipetted into the flask, neutralizing the NaOH. This enabled the, now precipitated, weak acid to be filtered out of the solution. After vacuum filtration was used to remove the solid acid, percent recovery was recorded, and the weak acid was moved to a
Water is an essential part of life for any living organism in the world. People use water every day to drink, do daily housework, or to bathe in; while animals use water to survive. Because of the doings of humans, the water that is so essential to all organisms’ well being is being polluted. The water drink and use every day may have oil from large petroleum companies spilling into it. Debris from sewer plants float into the ocean when they overflow. Even prescription pills are contaminating the water. Not only is the water affecting the humans that drink it but also affects the aquatic life. Aquatic species may have problems reproducing which disrupts the whole food chain and biodiversity web of life. How water becomes contaminated should
Due to the Water Pollution Control Act of 1970, there are stringent standards that need to be considered when depositing wastewater from the process. It was not possible to show the path that the wastewater would take after leaving the system, however, the pollution standards were considered. The water that was produced in the reaction were present in streams with other components such as CO2, butadiene, and maleic anhydride. Due to this exposure, the separated water will be sent to a waste water treatment plant where it will undergo many steps to ensure that the pollutants have been properly removed (Plant Design Book
Removal/ wasting of activated sludge during this stage if the amount of activated sludge presence in excess.
A precise system, of which must be compliant according to government standards, is critical to maintain low levels of waste that are returned to neighboring water systems after treatment. Phase one of waste water treatment begins in the home, local businesses and community. Waste water from these buildings and surrounding areas travel through a pipe, or sewer which is sloped downward, and with the assistance of gravity, travels toward the waste water treatment plant. However, in larger communities or communities with unevenly leveled terrain, waste water cannot keep getting deeper to rely on gravity to transport the waste water and must be pumped up with the assistance of a lift station so it may continue to travel to the water treatment plant. Once the waste water arrives at the waste water treatment plant, the first step is the removal of large debris such as diapers, underwear or other non-biological substances or products.
That the pH of the hydrochloric acid solution can be calculated using titration with a standardised sodium hydroxide base solution as long as concentration and temperature of base solution remain constant.
For a reverse osmosis process the slow sand filters are most effective single pre-treatment for the industrial waste water. Sand filter is used a sand with a different size of a sand which is place layer by layer in a drum. The sand filter is generally used for to remove a order, Colour, Dissolved solid particles, Turbidity, organic materials and bacteria. Due to a law filter rate the waste water retain over a surface of large granule for several time before passing through bed various oxidation reaction take place during that period.
The process of disposing waste, producing food, and purifying bodies of water is useful today. For example, communities that live in the desert, like in the southwestern United States and in the Middle East, can use this process to farm and survive. They can use the newly purified water for their crops or for their own consumption. In addition, when algae purifies water, it releases oxygen.
the disposal of garbage into a water stream. Some of the water pollution is from
Solid waste pollution will always be an issue as long as human population increases everyday .solid waste is not only cause by household only, the industries as well have hand on environment pollution. And due to improper disposal system solid waste end up on the road. Solid waste have a huge effect on human life and can also cause death in animals as well, as people clean their houses everyday litter their trash everywhere this problem will not stop. But the most dangerous waste are those coming from the industries, because those waste end up in stream, rivers where it poisonous and have bad impact on the marine life. Industrial waste are the source of toxic metal and hazardous waste that effect soil characteristic and productivity of soil when dumped in ground. And the problem lies where some of the waste do not decompose. These solid waste are hazardous, Pesticides poisonous which is not health and life threatening to both humans and animals. People are very much aware of recycling to reduce pollution yet they still fail in doing so. Silt build in freshwater water ecosystems, caused by the unnecessarily agricultural activities smothers aquatic organisms. To reduce solid waste they should be recycled in such a way that do not harm the both the environment, water, air and human health. There are animals such as
Domestic households and industrial and agricultural practices often produce wastewater that can cause rivers and lakes to become polluted. This is typically called sewage and wastewater pollution. Sewage is a term for wastewater that usually contains feces, urine, and laundry waste. With there being billions of people on earth, treating sewage is a big priority. Untreated sewage can contam...
Pollutants are the key elements of pollution, which are generally waste materials of dissimilar forms. Pollution disturbs our ecosystem and the balance of the environment. With innovation and development in our lives pollution has reached its peaks giving rise to global warming and human illness. When raw materials, water, energy and other resources are utilized more efficiently, when fewer harmful substances are substituted for hazardous ones, and when lethal substances are eliminated from the production process. Water pollution is also a major problem in the world because almost 60% of it is fish.
The above Pie-Chart shows the percentage of the contents of waste water. Wastewater mainly consists of the water wasted by toilet flushing which is highly contaminated with ammonia and urea. Secondly, the wastewater consists of water wasted by house cleaning which may consist of wastes like soaps and detergents. Thirdly, it consists of laundry waste and then there is wastage of water by bathing and kitchen use.
Efforts to improve the standard of living for humans--through the control of nature and the development of new products--have also resulted in the pollution, or contamination, of the environment. Much of the world's air, water, and land is now partially poisoned by chemical wastes. Some places have become uninhabitable. This pollution exposes people all around the globe to new risks from disease. Many species of plants and animals have become endangered or are now extinct. As a result of these developments, governments have passed laws to limit or reverse the threat of environmental pollution.