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Ap us history ch 10
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Waco Texas has a long and rich history in the United States of America. Unfortunately for Waco, it has also been the home of many tragedies, starting not long after it was explored by Thomas Duke for its potential for white settling in 1824. Duke’s report of Waco being a habitable led to its indigenous people, the Waco, being forced out of their home. In 1916 a black teenager convicted of murdering a white woman was abducted by a mob just inside of the courthouse. Once he was drug outside he was tortured and drug through the streets. He was mutilated while still alive and eventually burned to death, all while nearly 15,000 spectators watched. Later in the 1950s a tornado blew through Waco, killing over 110 people and making the list as one of the deadliest tornados in American history. In 1993 a cult known as the Branch Davidians held a standoff with the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, culminating in the eventual death of over 80 people. And once again, on April 17th , 2013, Waco suffered yet another tragedy.
Just north of the city of Waco the West Fertilizer Company produced fertilizer for American farmers. On any normal day this company would house ammonium nitrate, anhydrous ammonia, Grazonnext, Reclaim, Remedy Ultra, Surmount, and Yuma (Adair, 2013). While the specific use of each of these chemicals in unimportant, it is important to understand that each chemical listed here has specific warnings for their extreme level of reactivity or flammability. When proper safety protocol is followed, these warnings have served their purpose. Unfortunately, the West Fertilizer had a long history of ignoring safety protocol, which resulted in an explosion that killed or injured 175 peopl...
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... Waco’s citizens and the rest of the world unsure of how to make sense of it all.
References
Adair, D. (2013). Emergency and hazardous chemical inventory. Retrieved from http://thinkprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Adair-Grain-Inc-2012-Tier-2-Report.pdf
Hananel, S. (2014). Texas fertilizer plant had last osha inspection in 1985. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/18/texas-fertilizer-plant-ha_n_3113117.html
Hemenway, C. (2013). West fertilizer co. carried only $1m in liability insurance: authorities launch criminal investigation of explosion. Property Casualty 360-National Underwriter, 117(6), 14. doi: A339733708
Loftis, R. (2013). Analysis: West fertilizer report details sequence of a catastrophe. Retrieved from http://www.dallasnews.com/news/west-explosion/headlines/20130516-west-fertilizer-report-details-sequence-of-a-catastrophe.ece
Ashton, John. "KENEDY, MIFFLIN." 15 June 2010. Handbook of Texas Online. Web. 5 May 2014. .
When horrific crimes occur in large cities, many of them can be chalked up to gang violence or to the larger population of that specific city. But when horrific crimes happen in small cities like Lincoln, Nebraska, people begin to ask questions like who did this and why. In 1958, a nineteen year old man named Charles Starkweather put the entire state of Nebraska and possibly the entire nation in a state of terror. With his murder spree taking only three days, Starkweather had collected a body count of ten bodies, including two teenagers and a young child. Understanding Starkweather’s past and state of mind begins to answer the second question of why.
Patricia Mullins and Leta Farley, two of the employees injured in the blast, filed a $60 million lawsuit against multiple companies whom they blamed for the explosion, including Appalachian Heating LLC, ThompsonGas Propane Partners LLC, Ferrellgas Inc., BP America Inc., Little General Store, Inc. and Godfather’s Pizza Inc. In addition to this lawsuit, the numerous safety recommendations made by the U.S. Chemical Safety Board were adopted. The recommendations include the improvement of training requirements for technicians and the improvement of emergency response actions from on-scene technicians and 911 operators.
Thibodeau, David and Leon Whiteson. “A Place Called Waco.” Public Affairs Books <Http://www.Publicaffairsbooks.com/books/apl.html> April 2, 2000.
Fries, A. A., & West, C. J. (1921). Chemical warfare,. New York [etc.: McGraw-Hill book company, inc..
From the summer of 1979 to the summer of 1981, at least twenty-eight people were abducted and killed during a murder spree in Atlanta, Georgia; these killings would come to be known as the Atlanta Child Murders. While the victims of the killings were people of all races and genders, most of the victims of the Atlanta Child Murders were young African-American males. These murders created great racial tension in the city of Atlanta, with its black population believing the murders to be the work of a white supremacist group. (Bardsley & Bell, n.d., p. l) However, when police finally apprehended a suspect in the case, they found it was neither a white supremacy group, nor a white person at all; it was a 23 year-old African-American man named Wayne Williams. (“What are”, n.d.)
EPA. (2009, December 29). Retrieved January 15, 2011, from Toxicity and Exposure Assessment for Children's Health: http://www.epa.gov/teach/
On April 19, 1995 the history of Oklahoma was drastically changed. Buildings crumbled, lives were taken, and hearts shattered. Timothy McVeigh’s actions resulted in the destruction of the Alfred P. Murrah building, and the lives of people for many years following the event.
Time and time again it has been seen that human interaction with his/her environment and it’s ecosystems has shown to be increasingly arrogant and self-serving. These endless accounts are proven by the amount of important biological diversity that is being lost to the surrounding environment due to these threats of human development and population growth. There are two forms of these losses of diversity by human hand: direct and indirect. Direct losses would be the destruction of an area needed for human requirements be it social or economical. Examples of these losses would be housing, agriculture, and others. Indirect losses would be those caused by the destruction of an area also needed for the same requirements but the area’s commodities which are valued, water, food, land in general, is needed elsewhere. These losses are few in number compared with those of direct losses yet they are of the greatest importance. They are important because they involve the removal of resources of an area in which other inhabitants are dependent upon. A great example of this regrettable indirect expansion is the loss of the rich habitat of the area known as Owens Valley.
While in prison criminals become part of the gang or a member of the gang's victim pool. Race and culture seem to be the major factors in the victimization of inmates. The inmate may not be racist when he enters the system, however the need for survival against other inmates may force these characteristics to become more prominent. In the summer of 1998, a young man named William King was convicted and sentenced to death for the murder of James Byrd Jr. Byrd was a black man from Jasper County, Texas, whom was bound at the ankles and dragged to death behind a truck. Why would this young man commit such a terrible and seemingly racist crime? Most would agree that it was his time spent in prison that led William King to take the life of James Byrd Jr. Friends and family of William stated that he was a pleasant before he went to prison for burglary. When he was released, he was a different person who spoke about white supremacy and was anxious to initiate his own supremacist gang. King’s defense attorney explained that it was the high rate of violence in the Texas correctional institute that caused him to become a gang member for a sense of security. William's defense attorney argued that he was merely a victim of the deteriorating prison system in this country (Racism, tolerance, and perfected redemption: A rhetorical critique of the dragging trial, Larry A. Williamson, 2009). The reality of prison gangs is nearly impossible to ignore. King's story, although not a defense for his crime, sheds light on today's prisons and the gangs within them. Newly admitted convicts are often victimized to no end until they join a group or gang that displays power and their intentions to survive prison life. Violence, rape, and murder are just a fe...
Do you remember the conflict that America had in the Persian Gulf a few years back? An incident occurred there where a man drove a truck loaded with explosives into the building where more than 100 Marines were stationed. He blew up the building, along with the Marines. The incident was published by the AP Press soon after. Now do you remember the bombing just four years ago, in Oklahoma City? Suspects Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols drove a Ryder Van loaded with 4,800 pounds of fertilizer and fuel oil to the front of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, where it subsequently exploded, killing 169 people and injuring some 500 others. Of course you do. While both were massive acts of violence involving American citizens, the impact of such acts is always felt the most when it happens right here at home.
On April 17, 2013, the community of West, Texas, suffered a devastating and heartbreaking event in the evening hours. After a fire broke out inside the West Fertilizer plant, a massive explosion leveled the facility, caused millions of dollars in damage to surrounding buildings, and took the lives of over a dozen people. Sadly, the majority of those killed were volunteer firefighters who had responded to the fire and were unable to retreat to a safe distance before the explosion. Nearly 200 injuries were also reported to have been treated at local hospitals (Wood, 2013). The explosion was said to be caused by the combination of the fire and large stores of ammonium nitrate fertilizer at the plant.
At 8:45am a hijacked plane crashed into the World Trade Centre, 9:03am a second hijacked plane crashed into the World Trade Centre. Again at 9:43am another hijacked plane crashed into the Pentagon, and one other hijacked plane was shot down at 10:10am as it was going towards Camp David.
Many pesticides, that of which have many unanswered questions regarding the potential health risk have been authorized by the EPA Office of Pesticide ...
...(2001, March 15). Drexel Safety and Health. Retrieved June 3, 2010, from Drexel Safety and Health: www.drexelsafetyandhealth.com/hazmat/hazmatplan.doc