1. Short Description
1.1 Definition, origin
Visual perception is the ability to interpret the surrounding environment by processing information that is contained in visible light (Visual perception, 2016a). The resulting perception is also known as eyesight or vision. However, what people see is not simply a translation of retinal stimuli (i.e., the image on the retina) (Visual perception, 2016b). Aesthetic experience of visual perception can therefore be conceptualised in three levels: sensory perception (environmental stimuli), cognition, meanings and values that the viewer may associate with this typology (Gjerde, 2010).
The Analysis of visual perception is a method to clarify visual information in physical environment, thus parsing human’s
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Recent developments in mobile Augmented Reality go further and allow to overlay digital visualisations showing proposed future changes on top of the existing environment as experienced in the field. Thus providing a multi-sensory experience. This has the potential to lead to new routes in landscape assessment (Lange et al., 2012).
Different methods of analyzing visual perception:
Physical & Psychological paradigms:
¥ Mapping
¥ Mental map-Kevin Lynch
¥ Photograph analysis
¥ Questionnaires
¥ Virtual stimulation
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Characteristic differences in visual stimuli include color, shape, size, quantity, direction, and distance.
1.4 Instructions for application, steps
People constantly read the city and get visual information, but what in the city triggers a sense of identity or special feeling for the space? How can we react to the existing situation and create new spaces that echo people’s perception/impression?
Some Instructions can be concluded:
1. Combine the basic theory and space scales mentioned above.
2. Refine components of visual perception.
3. Analyze photographs of different viewpoints from aspects e.g. visual elements, directionality, color composition.
4. Get the visual perception characteristics of different viewpoints and classify the different characteristics of the
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Thus give guidance to conscious intervention in designing process.
The crux of learning and applying this method is to decompose the composition of visual perception, be aware of how pedestrains would perceived the space visually and thus how to make conscious intervention.
1.5 Strengths and limitations
Strengths: Visual perception analysis jumps out of the box of macro-scale analysis of city and highlights the importance of human’s perspective and cognition in space perceiving process, which criticizes the trend studying cities with too much emphasis on the figure-ground relationship. What’s more, in this method, visual perception factors are taken into consideration when evaluating and analyzing urban space. Human experience in the space is emphasized and regarded as important as mental map, which is more real and concrete.
Limitations: The approaches relying on 2D images fail to fully express the multi-dimensional information perceived in human’s eyes and brain from the dynamic environment, which is much more complicated than simple images and will be combined and filtered by personal experiences and cultural background. All in all, unilateral visual perception cannot fully reflect a comprehensive perception from dynamic
The ultimate goal for a system of visual perception is representing visual scenes. It is generally assumed that this requires an initial ‘break-down’ of complex visual stimuli into some kind of “discrete subunits” (De Valois & De Valois, 1980, p.316) which can then be passed on and further processed by the brain. The task thus arises of identifying these subunits as well as the means by which the visual system interprets and processes sensory input. An approach to visual scene analysis that prevailed for many years was that of individual cortical cells being ‘feature detectors’ with particular response-criteria. Though not self-proclaimed, Hubel and Wiesel’s theory of a hierarchical visual system employs a form of such feature detectors. I will here discuss: the origins of the feature detection theory; Hubel and Wiesel’s hierarchical theory of visual perception; criticism of the hierarchical nature of the theory; an alternative theory of receptive-field cells as spatial frequency detectors; and the possibility of reconciling these two theories with reference to parallel processing.
"Perception - Definition of Perception by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia." Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary. Web. 08 Feb. 2011. .
ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper is to defend a broad concept of visual perception, according to which it is a sufficient condition for visual perception that subjects receive visual information in a way which enables them to give reliably correct answers about the objects presented to them. According to this view, blindsight, non-epistemic seeing, and conscious visual experience count as proper types of visual perception. This leads to two consequences concerning the role of the phenomenal qualities of visual experiences. First, phenomenal qualities are not necessary in order to see something, because in the case of blindsight, subjects can see objects without experiences phenomenal qualities. Second, they cannot be intentional properties, since they are not essential properties of visual experiences, and because the content of visual experiences cannot be constituted by contingent properties.
It is important to understand that, many individuals believe that monuments play various roles within urban spaces. For instance, James Mellon (2008) understands the city as a work of art and expresses the notion of space, place and meaning in order to emphasize how place
Different Visual Illustrations in Perception How can visual illusions illustrate top down processes in perception?
Growing up in the Bay Area next to San Francisco ha slead me to become fascinated by the complexity of the cities of the world and how they affect so many people. I love the idea that these cities were all planned and thought up of by individuals working together for a larger goal. The planning of cities affects all its inhabitants in ways that they probably do not even realize which makes these plans and the planning process even more compelling. I am also interested in what makes cities unique. Cities are all made up of roughly the same things: blocks, big buildings, parks, cars, and people. Even though the basic elements of cities are the same they all still have there own unique character. I think one of the most distinguishing factors of cities is how they were designed to accommodate certain needs of their inhabitants outside of where they live or work. Cities can easily be overwhelming or a harsh place to live, which is why certain areas need to be set aside to offer some kind of escape. In addition to being a place to withdraw, parks and recreational areas can be a distinguishing characteristic of a city. In San Francisco, the Golden Gate Park, Union square, the Presidio, the wharfs and many other areas set it apart from all of the other cities of the United States and the world. How the planners of San Francisco thought about the areas that the inhabitants needed outside of work and home helps give it its individuality as a major city. Just like how someone must plan all cities, people planned all the parks and recreational areas of cities that have such a widespread effect. By looking at Fredrick Law Olmsted and the Urban Design and Social Context approach he represents, one can learn more about landscape architecture in...
Perception plays a huge role in someone’s life. “When a distinction is made between sensation and perception, sensation is frequently identified as involving simple “elementary” processes that occur right at the beginning of a sensory system, as when light stimulates receptors in the eye. In contrast, perception is identified with complicated processes that involves higher-order mechanisms such as understanding and memory that involve activity in the brain” (Goldstein, 1980, p. 7). It is simply the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the five senses. Perception aids us to navigate through the world, avoid danger, make decisions, and prepare for action.
Have you ever thought what actually influences our perception of stimuli we encounter on a daily basis? The topic of this paper is perception. Many times, the way we take in information from the world, is entirely up us as an individual but most times perception is influenced by external factors, which cannot be controlled. Perception is an opinion held by individuals regarding how things seem in the real world. The area regarding perception interests me greatly because I feel it is very interesting how different individuals have different ways to perceive the same exact information. Perception is the process in which we learn about the world around us. Specifically, I want to learn what mechanisms truly influence perception and how those affect our daily lives.
The Visual Information Analysis (Todd 1999) incorporates areas related to the cognitive skills used for receiving and organizing visual information from the surrounding environment. The visual information
Physicist Richard Feyman once wrote, "It's quite wonderful that we can see or figure it out so easily. Someone who's standing at my left can see somebody who's standing at my right -- that is the light can be going this way across or that way across, or this way up, or that way down; it's a complete network. Some quantity is shaking about, in a combination of motions so elaborate and complicated the net result is to produce an influence which makes me see you, completely undisturbed by the fact that at the same time there are influences that represent the guy on my left side seeing the guy on my right side. The light's there anyway…it bounces off this, and it bounces off that -- all this is going on, and yet we can sort it out with this instrument, our eye" (Introduction to Perception [Online]).
Sense perception is one of our ways of knowing which is critical to our understanding of the world around us. The above quote by William Blake emphasizes how our perception can be easily altered and unclear to us. Blake’s comment was popular in his day and in ours, giving its name to one of the most celebrated rock groups in the world, The Doors. This prescribed title involves what we consider to be the “truth” and our five windows to the world, sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing inform us constantly about our environment and our accurate perceptions of it. One of the knowledge issues of this prompt is whether or not we can assume everyone has the same concept of “truth”. For the purposes of this paper we will focus on truth being “reality” and what actually exists in our external worlds.
How do humans perceive objects? More specifically, how do we recognize them? Most people walk throughout their daily lives distinguishing the difference between a television, pencil, car, stop sign, etc. and do not know as to how their brain processes this information. There are many approaches to explain object recognition. These include the bottom-up and top-down approach, and the prototypes, template, and feature matching approaches. There are advantages and disadvantages to each approach in which I will be discussing.
"You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view... Until you climb inside of his skin and walk around in it.”(Harper Lee). Every human being tends to view certain things in their own different and unique way. Perception is one of the most antique aspects of human interaction and behavior. How we perceive things is different than others, some will see the glass either half empty or as half full it just depends how we look at things.
There are many different Visual Perception principles in perception. The main principles are Gestalt. Gestalt is a German word meaning 'form' or 'shape'. Gestalt psychologists formulated a series of principles that describe how t...
Perception is an action by which a being selects and interprets something. This is an accepted abnormality on about every aspect that we face. Perception can be about persons, things, activities, approaching happenings, accomplished times, etc. We accept perception about everything. And this is additionally accepted back accepting bisected ability or back no ability is on that correct thing. This is accepted as Perception distortion. Perceptual distortion is authentic as the action in which the interpretations are fabricated with bisected ability or inaccurate information. There are abounding types of distortions that are explained in this paper.