Vertebrate Adaptions For Terrestrial Life AP-Biology Essay on vertebrate structural adaptations for terrestrial life. The problems of survival of animals on land are very different from those of survival of animals in aquatic environment. Describe four problems associated with animal survival in terrestrial environments but not in aquatic environments. For each problem, explain a physiological of structural solution. Four problems faced by animals on land are breathing (respiration), water conservation in excretions, successful reproduction, and the producing an egg which can survive outside of the water. All animals need to respire, but I have no idea why. Maybe you would like to answer that? Aquatic animals use gills, which are outgrowths from the body which increase surface area over which gas exchange can occur. Inside the gills of aquatic animals, the circulatory system removes oxygen, and delivers waste carbon dioxide. Land vertebrates have developed a different approach to the problem of gas exchange, as water is not present in all of the terrestrial environment. Terrestrial vertebrates have developed lungs to solve this problem. Air enters through the nasal passages, or the mouth, passes through the trachea, then branches off at the two bronchi, and goes through many branching passages called bronchioles, which end in alveoli. Alveoli are sack-like structures where the circulatory system meets the respiratory system. S...
Biological evolution is a change in the characteristics of living organisms over generations (Scott, 2017). A basic mechanism of evolution, the genetic drift, and mutation is natural selection. According to Darwin's theory of evolution, natural selection is a process in nature in which only the organisms best adapted to their environmental surroundings have a higher chance of surviving and transmitting their genetic characters in increasing numbers to succeeding generations while those less adapted tend to be eliminated. There has been many experimental research projects that relate to the topic of natural selection and evolution.
After millions of years that humans separated from their relative primate how is that humans became bipedal. So many changes have happened to the human body to decide to stay on the ground and abandoned their lives in the trees. Primates evolved different body structures according to their lifestyle and the ecosystem in which they lived. As Charles Darwin natural selection stays; it could be as a result of new environments, the need for food and shelter, which forced humans to adapt and survive. Although, most of primates’ anatomy reflects habits of movement, it could be easy to see the external differences but there are many differences that have been intensely studied and researched.
The present atmosphere is greatly depleted in Ne, Xe and Kr which are inert gases that should be preserved in the atmosphere. This suggests that the earth’s initial atmosphere was lost early on either by boiling away during the magma ocean event or by being carried away by intense solar wind in the early solar system. At the end of the Hadean the present atmosphere and hydrosphere began to develop from volcanic emissions. It was during the proterozoic that a critical change occurred in the atmosphere, when it changed from a trace oxygen content of the Archean atmosphere to above 15% oxygen by 1800 mya.
to sustain life. If the occurrence of any of these gases in the atmosphere is increased, the
The Biological Importance of Water as a Solvent and as a Medium for Living Organisms
The earth has been around for billions of years. That doesn't mean that it has always stayed the same. Through time the earth has changed, causing many other populations to change as well. There are many ways that the earth's process has changed in different populations over time For example,. through evolution, what paleontologist finds out, and through the extinction of many organisms. Exactly how has the earth changed many populations of organisms?
General Description: Earth may be the most unique of all planets because of the life forms we know exist here and the way they utilize the Suns energy. The Earth is composed of a great amount of water, mostly in the form of oceans, which make up most of its surface. It also contains various gases, of which make it possible for us humans to exist and is a system that exists between plants and animals here.
Earth is the only known planet up to date which sustains life. A few millions years ago, Earth was home to the one of the most vicious and devastating creatures well-known to mankind ̶ dinosaur. Wrapped in a cocoon of evolution, Earth, along with most living beings, had endured metamorphosis, transforming the world to what it is now. Gigantic deadly dinosaurs went extinct, whilst only a minority that survived mutated into smaller-sized animals. Animals that roam the Earth are classified into three major categories, namely mammals, reptiles and amphibians, where each category is further divided into their respective orders (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1).
Often in organisms substances must be in solution and water is the solvent. Plants can only obtain mineral salts in solution so require water to live. Also human digestion will only dissolve soluble foods, meaning large starch molecules must be broken down into soluble sugars. Also many organisms living in water spend most of their lives underwater, yet they require oxygen to live and respire, and as water is such a good solvent the required oxygen gas is dissolved in the water and the organisms can use it. Water is the most abundant component in any organism, proving its
Summary: Without water, there is no way that life would be sustainable on this planet. It is without a doubt our most valuable resource.
This would mean that, on Earth, water would be a gas all of the time and life would not be
Water is the most vital part of life. Water is needed from humans, to plants and other organisms, and to do basically everything. Water allows our bodily functions to work and to remove waste from our bodies. Plants need water to grow, and humans need plants to gr...
Water table is refers to the upper level of which all the openings of rock are saturated with water, also called “the zone of saturation ” (http://imnh.isu.edu/digitalatlas/hydr/concepts/gwater/wattable.htm) As the water table diminished, the “upward water transport” also diminished. (Yuan,2009).
Water covers about seventy one percent of Earth’s surface. Earth is the only planet to have stable bodies of liquid water on its surface which is crucial for all known life forms. Water is a substance which acts as a solvent in which organic compounds can mix, and it is the substance which is thought to be necessary to facilitate the formation of life. There are many forms of water which include ice, liquid, and gas. Because water can exist as a gas, it can be stored in the atmosphere and be delivered as precipitate. Water also helps regulate the climat...
Presently, the Earth that we are living in now has evolved though the past billons of years and is yet on the process of changing for the future. Each single step and decision we make plays a part on the upcoming organisms/generations living on this planet. Evolution plays a role on how the Earth never remains constant. Evolution is “a theory that the differences between modern plants and animals are because of changes that happened by a natural process over a very long time” (Merriam Webster). It is known to occur not to individuals on its own, but to populations as a whole. Humans have been part of Earth for a while now and due to their presence a misleading idea that humans are the “highest point” in the evolution of the vertebrates would be established. Moreover, discoveries that have been made in the last few decades brings humanity to a point where people think that they are the most evolved they can get. However, these claims are wrong. We cannot put an endpoint on evolution. Evolution will always be part of our natural life. Therefore, humans are not the “highest point” in the evolution of the vertebrates.