Vanity Exposed in Vanity Fair

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Vanity Exposed in Vanity Fair

The title Thackeray chose for his novel Vanity Fair is taken from The Pilgrim´s Progress by John Bunyan. In Bunyan´s book, one of the places Christian passes through on his pilgrimage to the Celestial City is Vanity Fair, where it is possible to buy all sorts of vanities. A very sad thing happens there: the allegorical person Faithful is killed by the people. In the novel Vanity Fair Thackeray writes about the title he has chosen: "But my kind reader will please to remember that this history has 'Vanity Fair' for a title, and that Vanity Fair is a very vain, wicked, foolish place, full of all sorts of humbugs and falsenesses and pretensions" (98). The choice of title is appopriate, because in his novel Thackeray deals with people who put wealth, property, and a station in life before everything else - including honesty and love.

In the last lines of the novel Thackeray uses the Latin words Vanitas Vanitatum taken from Ecclesiastes in the Old Testament:

1:2 Vanity of vanities, saith the Preacher, vanity of vanities; all is vanity.

1:3 What profit hath a man of all his labour which he taketh under the sun?

The subtitle too is significant for this novel. Much of literature, from ancient times to the present, has dealt with heroes, men (and sometimes women) praiseworthy for what they have done for one or more people near them, or for the benefit of a whole nation. Thackeray is one of the first "realistic" writers, who does not idealize things. His characters are not heroes and they mostly have selfish motives for their actions. This novel is definitely not edifying reading, but I assume Thackeray is more satirical than cynical. The title may also refer to a he...

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...s against his will and marries Amelia, he disinherits him. A very distressing event is when John Osborne takes out the family Bible and erases George´s name from the fly leaf. He has no feelings for his off-spring, and places money concerns above sentiments. He shows no mercy for his son or for Amelia, whom he disdains. He does not give a thought to her or what she suffers when widowed, and he offers to take care of her son without realizing how painful it is for Amelia to part from the boy. John Osborne is never reconciled to his son before he dies. But in his will he expresses at last that George is his beloved son, and he leaves some money for Amelia. His way of life has been in line with his fellow creatures in Vanity Fair, and his kindest deeds are sadly left to the last moment.

Work Cited:

Thackeray, W. M. Vanity Fair. Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd.

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