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Urine analysis lab report
Eassy question on uti
Eassy question on uti
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Patient A: We have in this case a male patient of age 25 that complains of a constant need to urinate yet excretes only small amounts associated with discomfort. At the time of the urine sample test, he suffers from a mild fever. He has a relatively moderate amount of red and white blood cells in his urine and presently shows no external evidence of urethral discharge. The test results for patient A were as follow; Urine was cloudy light yellow with no poignant smell and pH tested to be 6. The urine failed the glucose, protein, bilirubin and ketone test. There’s presence of yeast and nitrite, but no blood was visible in the urine sample. From the results, it can be deducted that the patient might be suffering from a Urinary Tract Infection …show more content…
A UTI is an infection of the body’s drainage system. These infections are mainly caused by microbes i.e. fungi, viruses, and bacteria. The most common microbe that causes UTI are bacteria. If a bacterium affects the urethra, the infection is known as urethritis. Cystitis and pyelonephritis are infections of the bladder and kidney respectively. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) tells us that every minute, an average person’s kidneys filter about 3 ounces of blood, removing wastes and extra water. The wastes and extra water make up the 1 to 2 quarts of urine an adult produces each day. Referring back to our patient, he shows numerous symptoms of a UTI. He feels a strong urge to urinate hence giving the sensation that his bladder is full but only excretes a small amount of urine. He also declares some discomfort while urinating. This discomfort could be a burning sensation and it is the primary symptom of urethritis. Although there’s no presence of urethral discharges, patient A exhibits the signs of a UTI. Moreover, his medical history states he has a mild fever which is a symptom associated especially with
There are two types of glomerulonephritis—acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The ACF form generally develops suddenly as a result of an infection or illness, such as, group A streptococci bacteria, hepatitis, or in diseases such as lupus or HIV (Mathias, 2013). This type may require dialysis to replace renal function while it lasts, however, kidney function usually returns after the primary illness is treated. Many acute patients will not have any other complications as no permanent damage is done. Whereas CKD is found in a person that has had glomerulonephritis for months to years in some cases and may be asymptomatic until the kidney has become irreversibly damaged. ARF can evolve to become chronic if the glomeruli do not respond to
Yes, there is a cure for UTI s (Urinary Tract Infection) It is treated with Antibiotics
Vanholder R, Sever MS, Erek E, Lameire N. Rhabdomyolysis. J Am Soc Nephrol. Aug 2000;11(8):1553-61.
The scientific name of a kidney infection is known as pyelonephritis. There are two types of pyelonephritis infections, acute and chronic. Acute pyelonephritis is sudden and limited and can be cured/treated using antibiotics. However, if it is a chronic infection, it is long-lasting and occurs due to birth defects; it can lead to scarring in the kidneys, as well. Kidney infections can occur in both men and women. Although, according to Chih-Yen’s study of chronic infection, “Females (36.1%, 60/166) were more prone to have upper UTIs than males (11.8%, 13/110)” (Chih-Yeh, 2014; Chih-Yeh et al., 2014). In addition, age is not an important number due to the presence of Escherichia coli present in everyone’s body. It is dependent on time and health of an individual for the infection to present itself. Moreover, a study on children and adolescent transplantation concluded that, “UTI was uncommon in children after the first month of transplantation. Two significant risk factors for UTI were female gender and neurogenic bladder in this transplant population” (Fallahzadeh, 2011; Fallahzadeh et al., 2011). From the peer-reviewed papers, it is clear that females are more prone to UTI infection, overall, than
A UTI is an infection that takes place in your bladder, kidneys or urethra. They can be identified as very painful and if not treated, it can be damaging to your body. There are two effective treatments such as the antibiotic cephalexin, and the herbal remedy uva-ursi. Both of these treatments are beneficial and used around the world today. Cephalexin is an oral medication used to treat many different types of infections. It works by preventing bacterial cells formation of a cell well. If the bacteria cannot form a cell wall, they will be incapable of survival. After taking cephalexin, symptoms almost immediately fade and your urinary tract is soon repaired. Not only is cephalexin recommended to treat UTIs, so is the herbal remedy uva-ursi. Uva-ursi is a small bush accompanied by red berries. For treatment, the stems and leaves are beneficial, and it is normally seen in the form of tea. Uva-ursi is used in certain parts of the world to treat infections and has been clinically proven to be beneficial. Both uva-ursi and cephalexin are effective treatments for urinary tract
The urinary system has many different organs in order for it to work as a whole. Each organ does different functions. The urinary system consists of the two kidneys, the two ureters, the bladder, the two sphincter muscles, the nerves in the bladder, and the urethra. After your body takes what it needs from the food you eat waste products are then left behind in the blood. The urinary system works with the lungs, skin, and intestines to keep the chemicals and water in your body balanced. The urinary system removes urea from your body. Urea is made when the foods you eat that are high in protein are broken down in the body. Urea is then carried into the bloodstream to the kidneys by the renal arteries.
If left untreated, a urinary tract infection (UTI) can result in serious outcomes (Mayo Clinic 2015). These serious consequences might include recurrence of infections, permanent kidney impairment from a kidney infection due to untreated UTIs (Mayo Clinic 2015). Recurrent infections in the urethra can cause urethral narrowing in men (Mayo Clinic 2015). In addition, sepsis, which is a life-threatening condition of an infection, might occur if the infection travels up the urinary tract to the kidneys (Mayo Clinic 2015).
Urinary tract infections are the most common infections found in patients that reside in long-term care facilities (LTCF), accounting for approximately 20-30% of infections reported by long-term care facilities (CDC, 2012). When dealing with UTIs in LTCF,
The following case study is about a lab technician who got in contact with a patients spinal fluids and began felling different symptoms like chills, fever, nausea, even had purple-red lesions on his or her neck and extremities, also throat culture grew gram-negative diplococci. From reading the case study again, I realized that the lab technician had purple-red lesions and also had something to do with spinal fluids which strongly prompt me to lead towards Meningococcemia infection. Meningococcemia infection is a serious disease that can effect the whole body but particularly the limbs and brain. Most patients with Meningococcemia may present Meningitis alone, these symptoms may include headache, sore throat, nausea and purpuric lesions all over the body. Meningitis is a disease that is the immflamuation of
can block the urinary tract. This blockage will probably cause a lot of pain. If
Most cases of urethritis can be contributed to either a bacterial infection or a viral infection. The same bacteria that can cause bladder and kidney infections can also infect the lining of the urethra. The average episode of urethritis is caused by a bacterial infection. The bacteria found
From the results of the numerous tests carried out according to the patient history of frothy urine with a significant oedema over a maximum period of 5 days, the patient was diagnosed with Nephrotic Syndrome. This is condition that occurs due to leakage in the kidney filtration part leading to a large amount of protein leaking from the blood into the urine. This is mainly due to fluid retention known as oedema which is as a result of low protein level in the blood. It occurs due to abnormal functioning or a part of the kidney is affected (glomeruli). This syndrome can be caused by numerous diseases coming together to cause or form one particular disease; these causes range from minimal change disease, membranous nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and other conditions, disorders of the glomeruli. The membranous nephropathy also known as the membranous nephritis or membranous glomerulonephritis, only causes diseases in adults and very uncommon in children. Leakage occurs from this due to the thickening of the membranous in the glomeruli which is the filter of the glomeruli. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is a causative due to the formation of small scars (sclerosis) on some of the kidney glomeruli. Another form of cause of nephrotic is minimal change which is due to lack of virtual change detected in the glomeruli when examined under the microscope. This causes the syndrome in 9 out of a total of 10 children under the age of 5 years.
The concern is with her chemical test results. Darlene's nitrates, urobilinogen, hematuria, special gravity =, and bilirubin were all negative or in normal range. Darlene's ph level was high, and can be a result of either a urinary tract infection, fever or gout. She had a small amount of leukocytes, and causes no concern at this time but should be monitored, but had large amounts of keytones. Glucose, and proteins in her urine. This can be related to a number of things including liver cirrhosis plasmacytoma, cardiac insufficiency, glomerulonephritis, or pregnancy, due to her high amount of protein. Darlene's high amount of glucose could indicate renal glycosuria, diabetes mellitus, or excessive consumption of carbohydrates. Darlene's keytones is a concern because there were large amounts also found in her chemical test and can be caused by a number of issues including diabetic ketoacidosis, stress, fever, nausea and vomiting, or not enough food intake. Darlene’s keytone results tells us that she is using fats to produce energy instead of glucose. Further testing needs to be done to pinpoint the cause of these
...s him susceptible to infection if the right precautions are not followed. Patient number three was a 53 year old woman with an admitting diagnosis of renal failure. Patient had signs of edema which is indicative of excess fluid volume related to her compromised regulatory mechanism (renal failure) as evidenced by pitting edema on lower extremities and abnormal electrolyte lab levels.
Urine : addis count , biological terrain assessment , leukocyte esterase , rosenbach’s test , urine cytology , urinary calcium , urine organic acids