In the article, Using “Shocks and Rumors” to Teach Adaptive Thinking, Holtem et. al talks about how crucial adaptive thinking is in the negotiation process. The authors began speaking about what is involved in adaptive thinking. Adaptive thinking occurs when new ideas are heard, understood and integrated into a person’s regular thoughts patterns and routines and then retrieve new things that are learned. The idea is to not have individuals engage in static thinking, but instead constant assess and review plans and strategies, making adaptations and accommodations along the way. A negotiator’s initial plans and strategies, while perfectly reasonable at the time they were formulated, may need to be updated throughout the negotiation.
By providing students with dynamic negotiation simulations, educators can create a safe environment in which to develop adaptive thinking skills to complex situations. Their purpose is to take the key lessons learned from one situation, and apply them to the next. Through such exercises students learn how to assess and reassess each stake-holder’s best alternative to a negotiated agreement (BATNA), bottom line, goals, issues, interests, priorities, and constraints. Along the way students increase their situational awareness and self-awareness.
There are a multitude of reasons why adaptive thinking skills will have to be used during the negotiation process, the most obvious reason being that as new information comes available as the negotiation is in process. No one can predict all the variables and perspectives brought to the table. The environment could also change. This leads to the interests and constraints of participants to change. Holtem et al use the example of the formation of a coal...
... middle of paper ...
... Also included in the revisions should be notes on relationships and opportunities that have surfaced during the negotiation.
This article did an excellent job at presenting the issue and providing support and need for such teaching in order for positive, effective negotiations to occur. Providing students with instruction and practice in adaptive thinking skills is a key to good, effective negotiations. While some structure and suggestions were offered, the article was weak in providing examples on how to structure such adaptive thinking exercises like dynamic negotiation simulation activities in the classroom. It also would be interesting to hear more research about how such practices have influenced negotiation practices. The history and background of negotiation, adaptive thinking in negotiation, and dynamic negotiation simulations would have been helpful.
Lewicki, R. J., Saunders, D. M., & Barry, B. (2006). Negotiation Readings, Exercises, and Cases Fifth Ed. Bill Brubaker, Mark Asher, A Power Play for Howard Negotiation (pp. 616-626). New York, NY: Mcgraw-Hill Irwin.
My negotiation style questionnaire indicated that my negotiation style was collaborating and accommodating. In addition, I will not avoid negotiation. I felt the result was reasonable because I like negotiation and have never avoided negotiation when I have a chance. I always try to enlarge the size of the pie to be negotiated. However, the class taught me I sometimes accommodated too much and missed a chance to create value in the end. One of the reasons is that I am afraid of getting nothing and overly cautious. This leads me to compromise before maximizing the pie. I believe I can take more risks to create value.
Lewicki, J. R., Barry, B., & Saunders, M. D. (2010). Negotiation: Readings, exercises and cases
Negotiation is a fundamental process used in resolving conflicts, making business deals, and in managing working relationships with others. Negotiations occur for two reasons: (1) to resolve a problem or dispute between parties, or (2) to create something new that neither party could do on its own.
Negotiations styles are scholastically recognized as being broken down into two general categories and those are distributive bargaining styles and integrative negotiation styles. Distributive bargaining styles of negotiation are understood to be a competitive type of negotiation. “Distributive bargaining, also known as positional bargaining, negotiating zero-sum, competitive negotiation, or win-lose negotiation, is a type or style of negotiation in which the parties compete for the distribution of a fixed amount of value” (Business Blog Reviews, 2011). This type of negotiation skill or style approach might be best represented in professional areas such as the stock market where there is a fixed goal in mind or even in a garage sale negotiation where the owner would have a specific value of which he/she would not go below. In contrast, an integrative negotiation approach/style is that of cooperative bargaining, or win-win types ...
I included this paper because I enjoyed the discussion about the qualities of a good negotiator. Good negotiators are usually people who are respectful others, can develop a strategic negotiation plan, and understand you have to think about certain things, like the “big picture” of a situation in order to generate creative options (Dietmeyer, 2008). One of the reasons why I included this written work in my Artifact, was for the second part of the assignment, we were required to describe a conflict scenario. For that conflict scenario, we were to evaluate reasons as to why utilizing negotiation would be wrong for that situation. Next, we were allowed to take the opposite approach, and list reasons as to why we should use negotiation techniques for the conflict scenario. I always enjoy getting to do assignments that look at both ends of the spectrum: “why should we do something and why should we not do something.” If you have ever been in therapy, it sort of like doing the “empty chair exercise” that some therapists ask you to do when a client is experiencing conflict. And essentially, the whole point of the exercise is for the individual to be able to experience different aspects of a conflict in a new manner through the “empty-chair”
Lewicki, R., Saunders, D.M., Barry B., (2010) Negotiation: Readings, Exercises, and Cases. 6th Ed. McGraw-Hill Irwin. New York, NY
Negotiation, as we’ve learned, is the process of communicating where parties can discuss problems and/or targets and attempt to solve them via dialogue in order to reach a resolution. While many individuals feel successful negotiations are due to a natural skill, the truth behind reaching a prime agreement is preparation. You need to know the issue, know yourself, and know your party. This type of preparation also includes knowing your needs and limits, understanding what the other party wants and anticipating their limits, asking the right questions, and being creative in your counteroffers.
McCarthy, A. (n.d.). 10 rules of negotiation. Negotiation Skills. Retrieved March 31, 2014, from http://www.negotiation-skills.org
The purpose of this research is to determine how emotional intelligence affects negotiation. Mayer and Salovey, in their early research on emotional intelligence in 1993, identified it as “a type of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one’s own and others’ emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use the information to guide one’s thinking and actions” (433). Goleman in 1995 defined emotional intelligence as “the ability to be aware of the emotions of oneself and others, to manage one’s own emotions and how they are expressed, and to manage others’ emotions” (as cited in Kim, Cundiff, & Choi 51). These abilities are ones that have the potential to impact the quality and outcomes of negotiation, which Rubin and Brown defined as “a social process through which two parties or more try to settle what each party shall give and take or perform and receive in order to satisfy their needs” (as cited in Kim, Cundiff, & Choi 50). The specific question to be answered by this research is: What role does emotional intelligence play in negotiation?
Negotiation approaches are generally described as either distributive or integrative. At the heart of each strategy is a measurement of conflict between each party’s desired outcomes. Consider the following situation. Chris, an entrepreneur, is starting a new business that will occupy most of his free time for the near future. Living in a fancy new development, Chris is concerned that his new business will prevent him from taking care of his lawn, which has strict requirements under neighborhood rules. Not wanted to upset his neighbors, Chris decides to hire Matt to cut his grass.
...w to apply these tactics into practice. Understanding the meaning of each tactics is just the first stage, flexibility in the use of appropriate tactics in future issues is more important. Besides, I need to make a detailed plan before the negotiation. Firstly, analyzing the interests, perspectives and weak points of the opposite side and selecting suitable tactics. Secondly, preparing several response strategies will help me to control the situations. Thirdly, setting the minimum level what I can agree on the issue is also essential part of negotiation.
During this course, I have learned a lot about negotiating. We learned about almost every negotiating technique there is. We learned about cross-cultural negotiations, body language, Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement (BATNA), variables in negotiating, and many more. Before this course, I did not know that much about negotiating. I thought that negotiating was just about trading or convincing someone to give you what you want and you did not care about the other side, resulting in a win-lose. I now know that negotiating is about getting what you want, but also giving the other side what they want as well to result in a win-win. This paper is about how I am going to improve my negotiating skills over the next six months. In order for me to improve my negotiating skills, I believe I need to improve the following skills- my body language, communication, planning, and my interpersonal communications. By improving those skills, I can become an effective negotiator.
Lewicki, R. J., Barry, B., & Saunders, D. M. (2007). Essentials of Negotiation. New York: McGraw-Hill/ Irwin.
Lewicki, R. J., Saunders, D. M., & Barry, B. (2010). Negotiation: Readings, exercises, and cases. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin