Introduction Paralytic ileus also referred to as Intestinal volvulus can be termed as a gastro-intestinal obstruction which can either occur as a partial or a complete blockage of the gastrointestinal tract thus blocking the normal flow of the ingested material. Gastrointestinal tract is composed of involuntary smooth muscles which are under hormonal and neural body controls. As a consequence, the flow of materials in the gastrointestinal tract cannot be voluntarily controlled. According to statistical reports from the United States of America, a significant number of American citizens are affected by gastrointestinal obstruction at one time of their life. However, the cause of the obstruction itself varies from one case to another. According to professional health providers, the degree at which the obstruction is considered fatal is based on the case of obstruction itself. Paralytic ileus emanate from various causes which can be classified in two major groups namely, mechanical obstruction and malfunction in the gastrointestinal excretion process. basing on gastrointestinal malfunctioning, causes of paralytic ileus include surgical operation, reduced gastrointestinal electrolytes such as potassium, gastrointestinal infections, use of certain prescribed drugs and complications in the gastrointestinal blood flow to mention but a few. Mechanical obstruction occur due to growth of tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, gall stones, ingested non-digestible materials and adhesive tissues on the tract especially after surgical operation among others. Patients who are affected by gastro-intestinal obstruction exhibit a number of symptoms such as constipation, abdominal discomforts, gastrointestinal cramping, foul odor in the bre... ... middle of paper ... ...e material in the tract. Conversely, suppression of endocrine and other physiological functions in the body can result to paralytic ileus. Various strategies and techniques have been adopted as a way of reducing the occurrence of paralytic ileus. These techniques involve use of therapeutic techniques which encompass drug administration and enteral feeding adoption. Nevertheless, chewing gum has been proposed and recommended in the reduction of paralytic ileus for various reasons. Use of chewing gum accrues comparable results to other forms of medication. Works Cited Purkayastha et al (2008). Meta-analysis of Randomized Studies Evaluating Chewing Gum to Enhance Postoperative Recovery Following Colectomy, Arch Surg. 143(8):788-793. Johnson, M.D. (2009). Current therapies to shorten postoperative ileus, Cleveland clinic journal of medicine. 76(11): 641-648.
...h a type of surgery called Cholecystectomy. The Non-Surgical approaches are used only in specific situations such as when a patient’s condition prevents using an anesthetic. In such cases, Oral dissolution therapy is used.
q Nausea and Vomiting: this can be caused by motion, pathogens, medicines, drugs, and other substances in the stomach. Nausea precedes vomiting. Vomiting is reverse peristalsis.
(What is....2016). The first documented case of Crohn’s disease suspected was King Alfred in 850 A.D. This disease is named after a Jewish man named Dr. Burrill Bernard Crohn (1884-1983) who became interested in the condition as his father, also a Dr, suffered from a disorder of the bowel. He devoted his career to “regional enteritis” the disease that now bares his name. It is necessary to understand the disease to be able to provide care for people who are afflicted by it (de Campos and Kotze 2013). Especially since Crohn’s is a chronic disease or a lifelong affliction it’s important to understand etiology, it’s symptoms, treatments, and to maintain the disease and the psychological well being of the patient managed (Crohn’s...2015).
Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is the portal through which nutritive substances; vitamins, minerals and fluids enter the body. The digestive tract is more than 10 metres long from one end to the other. It is continuous starting from the mouth, passing through the pharynx and the oesophagus, to the stomach, the small and large intestines, ending in the rectum, and finally into the anus. The GI tract is divided into two main sections: the upper GI tract and the lower GI tract. Upper GIT includes the mouth, pharynx, oesophagus and stomach. The lower GI tract includes the small and large intestines and anus. The accessory organs of digestions are the gallbladder, liver and pancreas. Diseases that may occur in upper and lower GIT can be divided as oesophageal diseases, gastric diseases and intestinal diseases.
At the entrance to the large intestine there is a piece of muscle known as the appendix which has become less useful to humans due to evolution but can lead to issues within the body.
Through time, most renowned practitioners of alternative medicine have claimed that an unclean colon is the most dominant cause of all kinds of diseases. Without regular and proper bowl movements, the waste material that is supposed to be driven out of the body remains inside. They in turn produce toxins which are slowly absorbed by other parts of the body including the organs. This in no way can be something good for the body. In fact the toxic waste can
IBS is a functional disorder that causes abdominal cramping, pain, bloating, diarrhea and/or constipation. Unlike other bowel disorders, there is no inflammation, biochemical or structural abnormalities involved, and many people are thought to be just suffering symptoms of anxiety or stress. However, the pain and discomfort experienced by affected persons are real, and can lead to depression or anxiety.
Merely the smell of food can trigger saliva (LiveScience (3).) For example, the smell of fried chicken, with rice and gravy, and corn bread makes my mouth salivate. As stated earlier, the digestive system is a complex network that is necessary for the digestion and absorption of nutrients. When something is incorrect with the GI Tract, there is a variety of symptoms to know so, such as; abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, vomiting, etc. Most of the symptoms can be avoided or reduced by watching what we eat. (LiveScience (3).) It is important to eat a variety of foods to maintain a well-balanced diet, drink water, and to exercise a minimum of thirty minutes a
...ve eaten, to break down the food into a liquid mixture and to slowly empty that liquid mixture into the small intestine. Once the bolus has entered your stomach it begins to be broken down with the help of the strong muscles and gastric juices which are located in the walls of your stomach. The gastric juices are made up of hydrochloric acid, water, and mucus- and the main enzyme inside of your stomach is what is known as pepsin, which needs to be surrounded in an acidic setting in order to do its job, that is to break down protein. Once the bolus has been inside of your stomach for long enough it begins to form into a liquid called chyme, and what keeps the chyme from flowing back into our esophagus are ring shaped muscles known as sphincters located at the beginnings and ends of the stomach and they have the task of controlling the flow of solids and liquids.
However, with this element of the conditioned mentioned, the focus of this paper will be on empacho as it affects the stomach and intestines while also looking at the various treatments for it. How is empacho treated? There are several ways that empacho of the gastrointestinal tract can be treated. Th... ...
The blockage may be as a result of two crucial factors such as, a build up of thick mucus in the appendix or fecal matter that enters appendix through the Cecum. Both the mucus and fecal matter begin to harden into a rock like material called “fecalith” (A hard stony mass of feces in the intestinal tract). However, it might as a result of the lymphatic tissue in the appendix that swells and blocks the opening between the Cecum and the appendix, or even rarely worms. Meanwhile there are no preventions that can completely prevent appendicitis from occuring. However, there are certain dietary choices an individual can make which incorporates a High Fiber diet. High Fiber fruits and vegetables that are implemented into the diet essentially decrease the chances of appendicitis. Being that, the Fiber softens the stool and increases the weight and size which makes it easier to pass and less likely to stick in between the appendix and the
If the patient has an inadequate or no oral intake of food for 1 - 3 days, then nutritional support by the enteral route is required.
Inflammatory bowel disease is a life long disease, and it particularly targets the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract), which consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach small intestine, large intestine (appendix, cecum, colon (ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid), and rectum), and anus. The gastrointestinal tract is very important to the human body; some of its functions include mechanical and chemical digestion of food, the movement of food and waste from mouth to anus, secretion of enzymes and mucus, and the absorption of nutrients. These are some reason why it’s so destructive when this part of the body becomes impaired or even damaged.
Gastroenteritis, sometimes referred to as infectious diarrhoea is a common disease that affects millions of people annually. It is a disease caused by viruses, bacteria or parasites that enter the human body and spread, which induce symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain and nausea. Although it is a common occurrence in society and is usually not harmful, cases of gastroenteritis in less developed countries may have more fatal repercussions due to their inability to access ample means of treatment. Over time, as more research was conducted into the disease, scientific developments were made to aid those affected by gastroenteritis and reduce the number of fatalities by educating people regarding preventative methods.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 2014. Web. 20 May 2014.