Urban Transportation in India – Issues, Challenges and Way Forward A Case Study of Delhi India being considered as oasis of renewed growth in the globe, is facing similar development challenges as many emerging and / or developing countries. These challenges of developments with focus on equity for citizens are multi-dimensional and involves efforts in different sub-sectors of the Indian economic development panorama. The stakeholders across agriculture, industries, livelihood, healthcare, education and/or infrastructure are looking for innovative, sustainable and value for money solutions. Among all these, one of the biggest challenge for any society is rapid and massive urbanization spreading across countries. This urbanization is both supported …show more content…
This reflected everywhere and so in urban transportation. Lately in 21st century, with the Supreme Court banning diesel buses in Delhi to curb pollution initiated the reforms in urban transport in India. The government of Delhi under instruction from the court, embarked on utilizing PPP experience to solve its urban transport problems. The focus now was on integrated multi modal transportation system. The efforts now was on a system that would be self-sustaining, promoted safety on roads, reduced pollution, better facilities to commuters, reduced competition on roads rather for road, avoid bunching and so delays and improved profitability of both public and private operators. Similarly, other state governments also started this change process …show more content…
Certainly, government only cannot mitigate these issues and challenges on its own, and do require support of non-government, civil society and private sector participation. The adoption of PPP route is one way forward in this direction. Undoubtedly, private sector coming forward to make investments in long gestation infrastructure wanting to maximize its profit potential will have to be balanced with objective of public good. From Bus queue shelters, bus addas to development of mass transit systems like Metro/LRT/Monorail to operation of public buses etc., the format of development needs to be sustainable and continuously innovative in nature. The infrastructure gap is always dynamic in nature and hence planning has to have a very long term vision. This require involvement of different stakeholders, innovative integrative solutions, detailed planning against adhoc approaches, multi-modal in nature and market based approaches in revenue realizations wherever feasible like subsidized ticketing only for BPL families /
The Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) is not the best method of transportation in the city of Toronto, because it’s unreliable, inconvenient, and unsanitary. First of all, the TTC is unreliable because of many delays. The TTC buses often come late and there are many subway breakdowns and signal problems. These problems can cause longer wait times and result in the rider being late. Additionally, the TTC is inconvenient because it is difficult for the rider to get to his or her destination without a few transfers. In addition, there are very few direct routes and limited area coverage. For example, there are some areas where passengers have to walk long distances just to get to the bus stop. These problems can result in many transfers and cause
Though the world economy as a whole has grown in recent years, a factor that is not taken into account is that the number “of the poor in the world has increased by 100 million” (Roy 3). In other words, the gap between rich and poor is widening. For India, this has startling implications. Though it is a nation that is developing in many ways, it also is a nation blessed with over one billion citizens, a population tally that continues to grow at a rapid rate. This population increase will greatly tax resources, which can create a setback in the development process. The tragedy, of course, is that the world is full of resources and wealth. In fact, Roy quotes a statistic showing that corporations, and not even just countries, represent 51 of the 100 largest economies in the world (Roy 3). For a country struggling to develop, such information is disheartening. However, there is also a more nefarious consequence of the growing disparity between rich and poor, and power and money being concentrated in the hands of multinational corporations: war is propagated in the name of resource acquisition, and corruption can reign as multinationals seek confederates in developing countries that will help companies drive through their plans, resulting in not only environmental destruction but also the subversion of democracy (Roy 3).
The Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) is one of the largest transit systems in the United States. It is the ninth largest system, transporting over 550,000 passengers daily. MARTA provides bus and rapid rail service to the most of the metropolitan area of Atlanta. The transit agency was established in 1971 with the passage of an authorizing referendum by voters in Fulton and DeKalb counties and the city of Atlanta. MARTA is a public authority that operates under Georgia law. The agency is governed by a board of directors with representation from several counties including Fulton, DeKalb, Clayton, and Gwinnett as well as the city of Atlanta. MARTA has approximately 4,500 employees. The majority of MARTA's operating revenues come from fares and a sales tax from customers.
Frequently claims are made that mass transit can provide various solutions for the economy, the environment, and the energy crisis, in addition to improving the overall quality of life (2). Mass transit provides the following solutions to various economic problems. Firstly, as a result of the recession we now face, unemployment is substantially higher t...
This is necessary as the vast majority of individuals migrating from rural to urban centers has been steadily increasing with the level of economic growth seen within the past twenty years as mentioned earlier. Unfortunately, this situation has further shown the structural issues and inequalities of cities, as most migrants end up having a poor quality of life living in informal settlements as highlight substantially by Boo. As a means of tackling this, however, the Indian government has turned its focus on investing rural regions, developing the agricultural sector. Specifically, Boo mentions that “the prime minister, Manmohan Singh, had come down from Delhi to express his concern for the farmers’ hardships, and the central government’s determination to relieve it” (p. 138). While this is definitely important funds are not being divided justly. For starters, between rural and urban areas almost all investments are being targeting towards rural regions, which is only addressing issues of inequality in one section of the country. Furthermore, across rural areas inequalities of investment are quite often overlooked. Although, “one of the governments hopes was to stop villagers from abandoning their farms and further inundating cities like Mumbai, but Asha’s relatives knew nothing of these celebrated relief programs” (p. 138). Therefore, even though
A general situation of urbanization trend in developing countries and developed countries is increasing. In 18th Century only 3% of the world total population lived in urban areas but as projected in 2000 this number will increase at above 50% (UN as cited in Elliot, 1999, p. 144). According to UN (as cited in Elliot, 1999, p.144), it is figured that the total urban population in developing countries has increased from approximately 400 millions people in 1950 to approximately 2000 millions people in 2000. At the same time, total urban population in developed countries is double...
Privatizing the public transport is not a good idea but it will help to improve the city transport much better and convenience to the public. The downside of this solution is rider fare will increase frequently, but the city can regulate competition between privatized in order to keep prices down for consumers while the city can save more and also people can get much better transportation
India, the second highest populated country in the world after China, with 1.27 billion people currently recorded to be living there and equates for 17.31% (India Online Pages 2014) of the world's population, but is still considered a developing country due to it’s poverty and illiteracy rates. As these nations continue to grow at rates that are too fast for resources to remain sustainable, the government’s in these areas wi...
There are three kinds of development in megacities we would like to explore in this paper, they are sustainable development, economic development and human development. Those kinds of development face many problems in megacities. In 1950 there were only New York and Tokyo as megacities and now in this 21 century the number of megacities are increasing.In 2013 noted there are 28 megacities (New Geography, 2013). Industrialization in developing countries is the main reason why the poor peasant in rural area moved to the cities in the name of better job and higher wages. This urbanization will change the population proportion which is decreasing the rural population and on the other side, increasing the population of urban areas. This continuing movement will inevitably create big and even bigger community in the city and in the end a megacity will be formed. This big number of population influences development of megacities.
It is responsibility of Government to find out the ways in which urbanization can be used to contribute in growth, reduction in poverty and environment can be sustainable. Urbanization can be used to provide many social, economic and environmental opportunities. The urban growth is main problem of the low and middle income countries in 21st century. Now it is important to move beyond that the urbanization is a problem rather we have to think that how to plan and manage this phenomenon of urban growth to attain the best
Indeed, many global cities face compelling urban planning issues like urban sprawl, population, low density development, overuse of non-renewable natural recourses, social inequities and environmental degradation. These issues affect the cities themselves, the adjacent regions and often even globally. The resulting ecological footprint upsets the balance in adjacent rural and natural areas. Unplanned or organic development leads to urban sprawl, traffic problems, pollution and slums (as evident in the case of Mumbai city). Such unplanned development causes solid waste management and water supply to fall inadequate. Urban sprawl gives rise to low density development and car dependent communities, consequently leading to increased urban flooding, low energy efficiency, longer travel time and destruction of croplands, forests and open spaces for development.
Nowadays, urban population is witnessing a rapid growth and henceforth its mobility. City infrastructures and economic resources may not follow at the same rate as the increasing mobility. So often, projected increase in transport needs goes beyond projected expansion of transit network capacity. This asymmetry between transportation supply and demand is unmistakable: congestion, unpleasant travelling conditions and other phenomena that comes with are already witnessed in the public transit system.
Looking at the improvement of the public transport the BRT creates an opportunity to reduce the number of cars that are used in the cities, and that work hand in hand with the reduction of air pollution and it also increase the public space in the main cities (Forshaw 2010: 108). The Rea Vaya offers flexibility because the number of passengers changes every time and the Rea Vaya system capacity operations can be easily modified. The Rea Vaya bus system cost less to implement than any other massive transportation it also has lower operating costs this means that it is affordable and it also help reduce the transport costs burden of the urban poor (Mauganidze 2011:
Rail transportation is a transportation in which for movement of people and goods which from one location to another destination. Rail had been takes the important role in physical and economic development of town and cities in a country and it was developed over the world. Rail transport can be made a property value in a country increase and it must be needs improvement in transportation network expanding (Goldberg, 1970). Thus, the railway services need to be done with continuous improvement and it is important to the rail passengers of the range and quality of facilities and service on stations and trains (Gleave, S. D., 2000). The future development to a public transportation is a key to affect
Transport infrastructure is a crucial component for the economic and developmental growth. Infrastructure rehabilitation is the sustenance of the economy of any country, by having adequate infrastructure so that all the activities are implemented effectively. By having a competent infrastructure meriting its accessibility will entices midpoints for productivity and consumption and thus impacts positively on the country’s economy. Additionally, more resourceful infrastructures improve mobility for people, freight services, and goods as well as a better connection between rural and urban areas.