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Projectile motion essay
Projectile motion essay
Projectile motion essay
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Basic Information………….2
1.2 History………………………….2
2. Materials…………………………….2
3. The Trebuchet at First Glance
3.1 Parts of the Trebuchet
3.2 How It Works
4. Projectile distance factors
4.1 Counterweight mass
4.2 Counterweight height
4.3 Projectile mass
4.4 Angle
5. Impacts on the community
6. Definitions
7. References
List of Figures
Figure 1 Parts of a Trebuchet
Figure 2 Counterweight mass table
Figure 3 Counterweight height table
Figure 4 Projectile mass table
Figure 5 Angle table
Figure 6 Table of Definitions
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Basic Information
A trebuchet is a siege device that was used in the wars and sieges of the Middle Ages. It is used to either smash masonry walls or to throw projectiles over them. It is sometimes called the “counterweight trebuchet” in order to differentiate it from an earlier weapon that has come be to be called the “traction” trebuchet, the original type with pulling men instead of a counterweight.
1.2 History
The trebuchet is first used by the Chinese in 2nd century AD. It is thought to be developed from the stave sling. The trebuchet was invented because there was a need for a device that could throw a heavy load over a large distance. The trebuchet reached Europe during the early Middle Ages. It is also thought by historians that the French made major modifications to then trebuchet to make it more efficient. The trebuchet was widely used by European soldiers by 500 AD.
2.0 Materials
To build a trebuchet you need long wood pieces, pliers, thin metal wires, sandpaper, cylindrical metal rods, nails, thread, wood glue, saw and fabric. The fabric is used as a munition, with thread to sew it on. Oak wood is often used becaus...
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...d its position, or height above the ground.
Kinetic Energy The energy of a body or a system with respect to the motion of the body or of the particles in the system The kinetic energy is the energy that is transferred from the kinetic energy from the counterweight. It is released at high velocity.
Gravity The force of attraction by which terrestrial bodies tend to fall toward the centre of the earth.
Projectile Motion A form of motion in which an object or particle (called a projectile) is thrown obliquely near the earth's surface
Works Cited
http://www.butlercc.edu/engineering/en115/en115_basic_treb_design.cfm http://www.real-world-physics-problems.com/catapult-physics.html http://deimos3.apple.com/WebObjects/Core.woa/DownloadTrackPreview/wgbh.org.1429839550.01429839553.1430867733.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectile_motion http://www.dictionary.com
Trebuchets earned a reputation for being much more accurate and precise than their onager and catapult counterparts. Not only was this accuracy a benefit, but being based on rotational motion and leverage rather than torsion (spring power) and lacking in a throwing arm stop, the trebuchet proved a much safer alternative for the personnel operating it. Onagers and Mangonels would literally explode on occasion when the torsion proved too great or a crack developed in the throwing arm due to the rapid stops it experienced.
Crossbows can vary a lot in design and construction. They range from 50 to 400 lbs. in draw weight. They can be very small hand held pistols or rifles, which can fire rapidly and accurately with pinpoint accuracy up to 60 yards and kill ranges up to 100 yards. The larger bows with 400lb. draw weights could have ranges of over 400 yards they could fire large arrows, rocks and other types of projectiles accurately while staying well out of range of most enemy fire. These bows were built of large beams and sat on wheels so that 2 men could change the position of the bow easily. These bows were very powerful but were also very slow in loading and firing. They had mechanical winches, which were hand cranked to draw the bowstring back. It took two men to run these bows called siege machines.
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A Catapult is a device that is used to launch an object. These devices are very ancient and have been used in many areas, mostly in Europe during the middle ages. Catapults were highly used weapons. The first Catapult was meant to replace a crossbow, by increasing the range and power. Diodorus Siculus was a Greek historian, he was the first to actually document a catapult in action. Catapults were used to launch missiles at walls and also over walls to create extreme damage to the population. They would also launch diseased bodies over walls to infect the population as well.
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