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Strengths and weaknesses of the Affordable Care Act
Strengths and weaknesses of the Affordable Care Act
Strengths and weaknesses of the Affordable Care Act
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Transgender people in today’s society have it hard enough; going to prison is even harder due to the risks associated to someone who is transgendered. People who are transgendered risk their health and well-being while being locked up in prison. They face a variety of issues while they are incarcerated such as housing, physical, emotional abuse and most of all denial to their basic medical needs that helps express who they are through their gender.
Transgender people are discriminated against due to a variety of reasons. We will look at how being transgendered in prison affects their right to health care, how health care laws are changing for people who have transgender identity disorder (GID) and how the Eighth Amendment is changing the care they receive while they are incarcerated. Without the right to receive hormone therapy, that they would otherwise receive on the outside, they risk having both emotional and physical issues.
“The federal government and almost every state recognize transgender people’s right to change their name and to have identification documents with the gender marker that matches their gender identity.” (Jami Kathleen Taylor, 2007) There are a lot of misconceptions on what the meaning of transgender is, some think that they only become the person whether it is male to female, or female to male after surgery. What people fail to realize is that every transgender person transitions in their own way.
So what does transgender mean and what is transgender identity disorder? According to the American Psychological Association," transgender" is "umbrella term whose gender identity, gender expression, or behavior does not conform to that typically associated with the sex to which they wer...
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...ation and the Law. Thomson West.
Phillips, J. (2012, September 28). Gender Identity Disorder in Prison: Depending on a Diagnosis That is soon to Disappear? Retrieved October 4, 2013, from PSYCHIATRIC TIMES: http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/gender-disorders/content/article/10168/2105073
Silpa, M. (2011). Note, Hormone Therapy for Inmates: A Metonym for Transgender Rights,20. CORNELL J.L. & PUB. POL’Y , 807, 819–20.
Standards of Care. (n.d.). Retrieved November 8, 2013, from World Professional Association of Transgender Health: http://www.wpath.org/documents/Standards%20of%20Care%20V7%20-%202011%20WPATH.pdf.
WIS. STAT. § 302.386(5m)(b). (2009-2010).
WIS.STAT. § 302.386(5m) (2009–2010).
www.basicrights.org. (2012, August 22). Retrieved November 8, 2013, from hhttp://www.basicrights.org/featured/affordable-care-act-aca-implications-for-the-transgender-community/
For instance, sociologists would argue that characteristics of the male gender in a given society include independence, and dominance whereas females express more passive behavior. Gender identity, on the other hand is an individual’s sense of their gender or in other words, their sense as to whether they are feminine or masculine. Therefore, transgender is a term related to “people whose gender identity is different from the gender commonly socially assigned to them on the basis of their biological sex” (Morrow & Messinger, 2006, p. 7).“Biological theories assume that gender should be consistent with biological sex and there are only two genders and two sexes” which does not correspond to transgender people. Furthermore, transgender is also used as a general term to include people such as transsexuals and cross-dressers
A pivotal point in female corrections was the implementation of the Arbour Report (Griffiths & Murdoch, 2014). This report recommended that an all male emergency response team should not be the first response, also, male correctional staff cannot be present while a strip search in being conducted (Griffiths & Murdoch, 2014). This report shaped corrections and it makes the female offenders accounted for since their rights were infringed.
The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) recommends that inmates be treated as individuals in the community (Reflections on the Legal Battles). After lawsuits and recommendations, prisons are developing ways to assist the inmates who request treatment of their gender dysphoria condition through name and pronoun change, access to feminine attire, estrogenic compounds, facial hair removal, and sex reassignment surgery. In order for an inmate to be granted permission to these treatments, they have to be diagnosed and recommend by a mental health professional. For that reason, keeping Gender Dysphoria as a diagnosis is important.
Transgendered people have a different and unique fight than the rest of the community. Transgendered peoples not only have the issues of “coming out,” (as others in the communities do) but also becoming a different gender. There are different obstacles that Trans people have to face.
Outside of prison, women are susceptible to emotional and physical pain because of problems such as domestic violence or drugs. This prison also gave women the education they needed when they were eventually released. Some women had not even heard of the dangers of diseases like HIV before. Andrew Novinska pointed out in his article from 2002, women “have been viewed within our culture as less mentally healthy than men” (p. 105). The women in the 2002 study recognized that their own world is not safe, even being in prison.
Erin G., 2010, A Woman Doing Life: Notes from a Prison for Women: The Southwest Journal of Criminal Justice. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. Pp. vi, 202, Vol. 8(2)175.
Transgender is an umbrella term, meaning an individual’s gender-identity does not align with their assigned sex at birth. Although transgender is a protected class in eighteen states, these individuals still face discrimination within the country and around the world (“Non-Discrimination Laws”). Transgender is not a lifestyle, no one chooses to live their life constantly being discriminated against. Transgender issues should be more educated on and their lives should be more protected. The most common issue transgender individuals face every day is bathroom use.
A good portion of society is unknowingly misinformed about these kinds of people. When an individual identifies themselves as transgender, it means that they feel that their biological gender does not match their psychological gender. To put that into a simple man’s term, the individual feels they “were born in the wrong body”. For example, a man feels that he was meant to be born a woman and vice versa. It does sound rather unusual, but why does that matter?
Early April 2016, North Carolina passed a law restricting governments from passing laws that are discriminatory. This law is intended to protect Transgender people from discrimination. Discrimination against Transgenders is against the law, and it has stirred up arguments throughout the nation. With more and more people standing up against discrimination regarding Transgenders, the debate about Transgenders is now nationwide. Unfortunately, Transgenders still continue to face public discrimination due to misinformation and misleading statements from the media.
Government agencies such as the Affordable Care Act law defines no sexual discrimination including gender identity, transgender status prohibits majority of insurance companies and healthcare providers from refusing to cover transition-related treatments or using incorrect pronouns under the law. However, the greatest effect can only occur when we — as an American society — change our paradigm. What we can do to help to contribute the changes of degrading experience for many LGBT people in healthcare setting are educating ourselves and creating more awareness in general public to ensure that everyone needs to be treated equally whoever they are. We should be more open-minded to create a welcoming and acceptable workplace environment inclusive of all trans people, to prevent transgender from getting reluctance to reveal their sexual orientation or gender identity to their health providers by training on the full scope of this minority group health in medical schools, and to keep fighting for the state-laws to ensure equality in for transgender individuals in the public utilities and services since only almost half of U.S. states discriminating against transgenders is considered
Transgender people deserve to have all the rights that a non-transgender person has. As a person who assigns herself to her assigned gender, I can go to the doctor at anytime with any problem and can get treated very easily. Unfortunately, people that identify as transgender do not have the same rights as I do. A transgender person by definition is: “someone whose gender identity-that is, an individual’s internal sense of being male or female-does not align with his or her assigned sex” (Barry).
No one wants to feel like they do not belong or like they are not cared for. Transgender people are just like everyone else and deserve to be treated equally to cisgendered people. According to Sam Killerman, being transgendered means living "as a member of a gender other than that expected based on sex assigned at birth." This definition is extremely important because a transgender person is still a person.
Transsexual group is the smallest group in LGBT, they are people who feel they have a different gender than the gender they are born with. Transgender persons tend to go through a long period of time of gender confusion. Such as a boy panic because he always envy girls can wear skirts. Or a girl feel disgusted when she see the
It is still difficult to get a consistent estimate for the transgender population in the United States due to the majority of population surveys that ask about gender, only have the option to check male or female. These surveys not only exclude any one transgender or anyone who is under the LGBTQ umbrella, but any individual biologically intersex; meaning they very well could have both or neither biological sex at birth and identify with both, either or no gender at all. Once a person realizes that their biology and identity do not align, taking action to transition comes with many dangerous risks in a society that only acknowledges either male or female. Transgender women account for 50% of violent deaths related to hate crimes against the LGBT community based on a 2009 report. The other 50% were “gender nonconforming” (Responding to Transgender
As today’s society progresses in the demand for the equality of all United States citizens, transgender people continue to face some of the highest forms of discrimination. Transgender individuals are defined as one who does not identify with or express themselves as the gender in which they were born. Several of these people choose to represent themselves only by dressing as the gender in which they identify with. However, a great portion of them choose to have gender reassignment surgery and legally change their birth certificates, social security information and other identifying documents to complete their transformation in order to feel like the gender they should have been at birth. Not surprisingly, the majority members of today’s society do not understand or relate to this and therefore discriminate against transgender individuals. Just how many people identify as transgender in our city, or nation for that matter, is impossible to know due to the fact that the United States Census Bureau has not yet come up with a solution to include theses individuals to accrue an accurate account for their population totals. Yet, the Williams Institute discovered through research evidence from their 2007 and 2009 surveys which suggests that 0.5% of adults aged 18-64 identified as transgender (Gates, 2011). The Houston metro area is no exception. While we do not have a precise number of transgender citizens living here, evidence supported by a lot of local websites as well as community based businesses and support services that cater to this culture proves that there are scores of of these people living here. Sadly, this culture has experienced a dramatic amount of workplace prejudice. In numerous cases, employers choose not to em...