INTRODUCTION
Emergency and Trauma nursing is a field in nursing that deals with traumatic events that need immediate attention of the health care professionals. Nurses are the first to be exposed to the trauma and have to act as quickly as possible to save the patient’s life. These traumatic events also pose a threat to the nurse’s mental, physical and emotional well-being. There are still gap in the existing knowledge of this research.
This literature review consists of the research problem, research aims and objectives, the body – which includes the 3 common themes from the literatures which is; expectations of trauma professional nurses, dealing with the patient’s recovery and the family and emotional challenge and coping strategies, conclusion
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According to Freeman (2014:8), professional nurses have different expectations between trauma nursing and the reality of the challenges they face in this speciality. Their expectation is working in a safe and therapeutic environment, while building trust with the patients and family to be respected and treated with dignity, instead they felt disrespected, not appreciated and they are being over-worked. In Gauteng a cross-sectional study was done in a sample of 323 Emergency workers, to study the occupational stress experienced by emergency workers (Naude, 2006:75), he stated that occupations stress leads to depersonalisation and emotional stress therefore decreasing the productivity of an individual in the …show more content…
The condition of trauma patient changes suddenly depending on the severity of the injury or the illness, which becomes even more traumatic for the health-care staff and family in dealing with these changes. According to Freeman (2012:10), nurses help the family get through difficult times, by being open to promote trust, providing education and information to the family and also referring them to relevant people such as psychologists. When the family receives bad news they also give the family member time and space to ventilate their feelings, which most of the time they get positive feed-back from the family which boosts their
This helps ensure an open line of communication between patient, family, and medical staff which allows for efficient information passing between interdisciplinary teams (Bamm & Rosenbaum, 2008). This communication allows the nursing staff an opportunity to also educate and counsel the family members as needed to prepare them for caring for the patient (Bamm & Rosenbaum, 2008). The value of viewing the patient in context of family from the nursing perspective is the fact that the whole patient is treated by taking into consideration the family environment and it 's affect on the
Still, the previous advantages discussed should influence the nurse to improve in identifying patient vulnerability. This is evident by this patient where I utilized my interpersonal skills to communicate to this patient so that he/she is aware that he/she is not alone in this journey. Nurses need to utilize models and theories to guide nursing practice. For instance, McCormack’s framework focuses on patient-centered care which influences nurses to understand the patient as a whole and their values (Abley, 2012, p. 42). Being able to identify values will give nurses and myself a better comprehension about the patients resulting in worthiness and belonging expressed. As a result, informing nurses about patient’s subjective vulnerability because a trust and understanding relationship is established. This is supported in a clinical experience where a patient “felt understood and opened up for further interactions based on trust” through an honest, supportive relationship with a nurse (Gjengedal, 2013, p. 134). Nurses should provide patient-focused provision of service, and assist this patient in overcoming his/her obstacle as a way of encouragement. Furthermore, Sellman (2005) explains how encouragement may compromise human flourish (p. 7), it is dependent on the situation and it cannot be assumed all encouragement will lead to harm. This informs nurses to be aware of the consequences that prevent the
Painter, L. M., & Dudjak, L. A. (2010). Actions, Behaviors, and Characteristics of RNs Involved in Compensable Injury. Journal of Nursing Administration, 40(12), 534-539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0b013e3181fc19eb
Including family members in the care of the patient helps them cope better with the patient’s illness and helps them plan ongoing care when the patient goes home. Gaining both the trust of the patient and family can help the health care team get any details that may have been missed on admission, such as medications the patient takes, or special diet, or spiritual needs. Also, the family may provide pertinent information that the patient may not have divulged to the nurse. Encouraging the patient and family to voice their concerns will help implement a safe plan of action.
According to the American College of Preventative Medicine (2011), non-adherence to medications is estimated to cause 125,000 deaths annually and overall, about 20% to 50% of patients are non-adherent to medical therapy. Through my personal experience working in the healthcare field, I have observed an increasing number of patients seemingly detached from the seriousness of their medical diagnoses, as the majority of my patients have taken very little personal responsibility in their own healing and overall health. While these patients have a variety of medical issues, they do share similar characteristics: disengagement from their medical diagnoses and taking the necessary steps towards healing, health and vitality. In my work or in my clinical experiences, I get frustrated when patients are
Nurses encounter various challenges in the workplace. One of the most alarming trends is that they often become the victims of physical violence. It should be kept in mind that healthcare settings account for about 60 percent of all violent assaults that occur in various American workplaces (Gates, Gillespie, & Succop, 2011, p. 59). Additionally, more than 50 percent of nurses report that they suffered from physical abuse, at least once (Gates et al., 2011, p. 60). In turn, this tendency makes nurses even more vulnerable to the effects of stress. Moreover, they are likely to feel dissatisfied with their jobs. This paper is aimed at reviewing the scholarly articles that can illustrate the origins of this problem and its impacts on the experiences
Following a study published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2016), workers in health care and social assistance settings are five times more likely to be victims of nonfatal assaults or violent attacks compared to the average worker in other occupations. Examples of healthcare violence can include verbal or physical threats and physical attacks by patients (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2016). A report done by the American Nurses Association (ANA) found that 43% of nurses and nursing students had been verbally or physically threatened by a patient or a patient’s family member, and 24% had been assaulted (Potera, 2016). These numbers are only taking into consideration for the nurses who do decide to report an assault. Violence is extremely under reported due to lack of a reporting policy, lack of faith in the reporting system, and fear of retaliation (Workplace Violence in Healthcare, 2016). Cultural factors are also a reason as to why underreporting occurs. “Caregivers feel a professional and ethical duty to do no harm to their patients, sometimes putting their own safety and health at risk to help a patient” (Workplace Violence in Healthcare, 2016). The nurse has a responsibility to the patient and will sometimes allow the patient’s bad
As defined as a discipline, profession, and area of practice, nursing is based upon the maintenance of a patient’s health and recovery, from mental or physical illness or injury. Nurses aid an individual or individuals sick or well. There are four major principal characteristics that further define nursing care: phenomena that concern nurses, theories for nursing intervention, nursing action taken, evaluation of the effects about phenomena. This research paper will help me to learn more about this perspective field of healthcare. Throughout this research paper, I will discuss their education, duties, work environments, job outlooks, and their pay.
A study conducted in Croatia focused on determining the symptoms of secondary trauma and if family can develop secondary trauma. This study analyzed fifty-six wives of war veterans that were diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder. The wives were chosen based on their husband being in the psychotherapy program at the Center for Psychotrauma in Rijeka. Those who agreed to participate in the study began with a short interview that supplied demographic and socioeconomic data. This is to determine if developing secondary trauma is impacted by one’s living status. Then, the women filled out a questionnaire that analyzes the symptoms of secondary trauma (Franciskovic 179). This study found that out of the fifty-six women only three of them did not have any symptoms of secondary trauma (Franciskovic 180). Overall, the study found that living with a traumatized person impacts family members (Franciskovic
Resilience currently a hot topic in many disciplines. Resilience is the ability to adapt or recover quickly during times of stress. Emergency room (ER) nurses deal with extremely busy, constantly changing and unpredictable work environments. Exposure to death, trauma, violence, and overcrowding contribute to the stressful environment. Resilience allows ER nurses to cope with a high stress work environment. ER nurses deal with intense situations that are physically and emotionally taxing. The occupational stress (OS) experienced by ER nurses often leads to burnout (BO) or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Resilience protects ER nurses from burnout and posttraumatic stress disorder. OS contributes to the high turnover rate for emergency
Every person’s needs must be recognized, respected, and filled if he or she must attain wholeness. The environment must attuned to that wholeness for healing to occur. Healing must be total or holistic if health must be restored or maintained. And a nurse-patient relationship is the very foundation of nursing (Conway et al 2011; Johnson, 2011). The Theory recognizes a person’s needs above all. It sets up the conducive environment to healing. It addresses and works on the restoration and maintenance of total health rather than only specific parts or aspect of the patient’s body or personality. And these are possible only through a positive healing relationship between the patient and the nurse (Conway et al, Johnson).
When asking a nurse why they became a nurse the first statement that they will often provide you with is centered around their love to care for others. To provide effective care it is important for a nurse to care for the whole person not just their injuries. Through the use of therapeutic touch and conversations as well as treating each patient as an individual, this enables more in depth care to be provided to each patient that a nurse treats. I hold this facet up to the highest standards as providing equal and respectful care to each client in regards to their emotional, mental, physical, and cultural needs makes all of the difference to a patient in the healing process and person-centered nursing.
In health care, there are many different approaches throughout the field of nursing. When considering the field of family nursing, there are four different approaches to caring for patients. This paper will discuss the different approaches along with a scenario that covers that approach. The approaches that will be discussed include family as a context, family as a client, family as a system, and family as a component to society. Each of these scenarios are approach differently within the field of nursing.
Eisenstark, Lam, McDermott, Quanbeck, Scott and Sokolov (2007) reported that twenty five percent of mental health nurses working in public sector hospitals take the major risk in violent attacks from patients resulting a series injury: the prevalence rate being as high as three times that of any vocational group (Del Bel,2003).this number implies that nurses physical as well as emotional health is being compromised largely each day (Lanza, 1992). Another study done from five mental health inpatient units over a period of seven months, indicated that seventy-eight percent of violent incidences came from nurses (Jones, Owen, Tarantello, and Tennant,1998).Nurses are not the only ones being challenged by violence. A study done by Albert Banerjee et.al (2008) in long term care facilities, a shocking number of personal support workers have been a victim of workplace violence. Almost half (43%) of support workers reported they experience violence in everyday work activities. 16.8% of registered nurses and one quarter (24.6%) of licensed practical nurses, registered practical nurses, and registered nursing assistants experience violence on a daily basis. In 2000, social service workers incidence injuries also rose by 9.3 from work related assaults and injuries. As significant as this numbers could be, the numbers could go higher if those underreported cases are reflected that’s comes with the employees belief, “reporting won’t change
According to Tabor 2011, vicarious trauma is one of the leading contributor of burnout within forensic health care professionals. The term vicarious trauma was first utilized by McCann and Pearlman in 1990, when they used it to describe “the therapist’s reaction to a client’s traumatic events” (Tabor, 2011, p. 203). The study also suggests that nurse’s are at a risk of suffering from vicarious trauma due to the increased levels of mental exhaustion from prolonged exposure to high levels of traumatic stressor (2011). This is in turn may result in changes in the nurse’s beliefs, cognition, memory, sense of safety, trust and self-esteem (2011). The combination of the above mentioned effect and vicarious trauma may potentially result in the nurse developing post traumatic stress disorder (2011). The consequences for this would not only be detrimental to the health of the nurses but also for their family and