In Physics, a wave is essentially defined as the motion or movement of a disturbance. Some waves, such as sound waves, require a medium through which the disturbance travels; for example, when a disturbance (essentially an applied force) is made in a lake, the water is the medium through which the disturbance travels. Thus, the water particles will be in motion when the disturbance is made. Other waves, such as radio waves, do not require a material medium, but rather, can travel through a vacuum. Thus, there are different types, or categories, of waves, such as transverse and longitudinal waves. Transverse and longitudinal waves can be compared and contrasted in regards to their wave parts as well as the different movements of particles and …show more content…
While both waves contain parts such as the crest, which is the maximum distance above the equilibrium point of the wave, and the trough, which is the minimum distance below the equilibrium point of the wave, for a transverse wave, the wavelength is measured by the distance between crests, while, for longitudinal waves, the wavelength is measured by the distance between compressions or between rarefactions. Compressions are areas in a longitudinal wave, for example, in a spring, when the coil is compressed, as opposed to when the coil is stretched, which would be a rarefaction. Consequently, compressions are areas of high pressure and density, while rarefactions contain less pressure and density. Thus, another difference is that longitudinal waves possess a rotating pattern of compressions and rarefactions, while transverse waves possess a rotating pattern of crests and troughs. Therefore, the compressions in a longitudinal wave correspond to the crests in a transverse wave, while the rarefactions correspond to the troughs. However, both types of waves possess an amplitude, which is the measured distance of the altitude of the crest or of the depth of the trough from the equilibrium position. The larger the amplitude of the wave, the more energy the wave can convey over a specified time interval. Both transverse and longitudinal waves can also be measured by frequency, which is the amount of vibrations in one second, or the sum of waves that pass through a specified point during a certain time. Thus, while transverse and longitudinal waves contain many differences, they also possess some
wave to form, the surging tide must meet an obstacle. When the ocean meets the
through space. This theory came to life when Heinrich Hertz created those waves and seven
walking across them. The lines and pulleys and some parts of the waves are example of
This chapter provides some insight into pulse wave analysis and its relation to arterial diseases. The shape of the arterial pulse wave is an augmentation of the forward traveling wave with the reflected wave. The amount of wave reflection is dependent on the arterial wall properties such as arterial stiffness and is expressed in terms of Augmentation Index. This approach has been studied extensively using various measuring techniques, all of which have respective advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of PWA can be seen in the section describing the medical conditions that affect the wave shape. The discussion is included to assist the reader in understanding the purpose of pulse wave analysis.
In “On a Wave” by Thad Ziolkowski there are some life changing/shaping lessons in his life. Thad realized at a young age that he loves to surf. At 11 years old Thad looks older than most 11 years old, which allows him to hang out with the “cool” kids after a surf session and smoke pot. Thad learns early on that pot and surfing would eventually grow on him as he became more induced into the surfer lifestyle.
The Fifth Wave Rick Yancey In the book The Fifth Wave, it shows the point of view of many different characters, switching throughout the book. Within the chapters of the certain characters, it is in that characters point of view; therefore, it is first person. The way Rick Yancey sets this up is strategic, because it shows the reader what the characters are thinking. It also gives the reader a closer look at all of them, and gives the reader a chance to bond with all of them, instead of just one character. The main protagonist in the story is Cassie Sullivan.
Ultrasound is sound waves that have a frequency above human audible. (Ultrasound Physics and Instrument 111). With a shorter wavelength than audible sound, these waves can be directed into a narrow beam that is used in imaging soft tissues. As with audible sound waves, ultrasound waves must have a medium in which to travel and are subject to interference. In addition, much like light rays, they can be reflected, refracted, and focused.
Sound is a type of longitudinal wave that originates as the vibration of a medium (such as a person’s vocal cords or a guitar string) and travels through gases, liquids, and elastic solids as variations of pressure and density. The loudness of a sound perceived by the ear depends on the amplitude of the sound wave and is measured in decibel, while its pitch depends on it frequency measured in hertz, (Shipman-Wilson-Higgins, 2013).
As said above, both light and sound waves have to do with interference. In sound, interference affects both the loudness and amplitude. When two waves’ crests overlap, the amplitude increases. The same is true with the troughs of the waves, which decrease the amplitude.
The vibration of the strings of a guitar causes the sound wave, but is not actually what you are hearing. The amplification of the sound wave is what is actually heard. The differences in the tension of the stings and the mass of the strings affect the pitch of the sound produced. The ends of each string are nodes, or where the wave does not travel from its initial position. The note you hear from the string is actually the first harmonic of the wave; other harmonics created when plucking a string form the undertones and overtones of a note. The waves on a guitar string are transverse waves, meaning they travel perpendicular to the original position. The waves are also standing waves, because they remain in the same position.
Music is transmitted through sound waves, which are very similar to the sine waves studied in Trigonometry. The differences in the waves result in a different sounds that are transmitted. Vibrating objects travel through a medium (the material that the disturbance is moving through) to create sounds at a given frequency. The frequency is how often the particles vibrate when a wave passes through the medium. The unit that is most used to measure frequencies is the Hertz (Hz) and 1 Hz is equivalent to 1 vibration per second. The frequency affects the pitch of the note that is being played; The higher the frequency the higher the pitch and the lower the frequency the lower the pitch.
Some physical entities such as light can display some characteristics of both particles and waves. Before the early 20th century, scientists believed that light was in the form of an electromagnetic wave. It wasn’t until the 20th century onwards that scientists found that light has properties of waves and particles. Scientists discovered different properties of light through experimentation and allowed them to determine that light actually has a wave-particle duality.
Sound is essentially a wave produced by a vibrating source. This compression and rarefaction of matter will transfer to the surrounding particles, for instance air molecules. Rhythmic variations in air pressure are therefore created which are detected by the ear and perceived as sound. The frequency of a sound wave is the number of these oscillations that passes through a given point each second. It is the compression of the medium particles that actually constitute a sound wave, and which classifies it as longitudinal. As opposed to transverse waves (eg. light waves), in which case the particles move perpendicular to the direction of the wave movement, the medium particles are moving in the same or opposite direction as the wave (Russell, D. A., 1998).
waves are further divided into two groups or bands such as very low frequency (