b) Theoretical frame work:
Tourist arrivals in rural areas can create a flow of outside currency into a rural economy and therefore indirectly contribute to business development, household incomes and employment. There are hidden benefits from tourists known as multiplier effect. There are two critical areas of tourism which are directly linked to rural poverty. Firstly, tourism comes with labour –intensive and small scale opportunities and second it also values natural resources and cultural heritage, which are assets that normally belong o the poor( Luvanga & Shitundu 2003). International and domestic tourism have significant and positive role for regional economic growth ( Cortes , 2008) Tourism contributes significantly to the improvements
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( Delotte and Touche, ODI 1999, Ashley,Roe and Goodwin 2001, WTO/OMT 2002) As shown Below:
Toursim has considerable potential for linkage with other economic sectors- particularly agriculture and fisheries. Realising this linkage will increase the proportion of tourism revenue retained in the host country.
Demand for tourism may add sufficiently to another sector’s demand for the combination to provide a basis for introducing local provision of goods or services e.g, transport
Tourism provide opportunities for off farm diversification. Tourists are often attracted to remote areas with few other development options because of their high cultural, wildlife, and landscape value.
Tourism provide relatively labor intensive opportunities .
Tourism employs a relatively high proportion of women and can contribute to generate equality.
Tourism product can be built on natural resources and culture , which are assets that some of the poor have.
The infrastructure associated with tourism development ( road,electricity, communication ) can provide essential services for rural communities which would otherwise be excluded from general infrastructure
Tourism is a force to be reckoned with, especially in the case of Dry Tortugas National
Sharpley, R., and Telfer, D. J., 2002. Tourism and Development Concepts and Issues. Bristol: Channel View Publications.
Contribution of Countryside Tourism to the UK Travel and Tourism Industry Across the UK there are 4 main categories of tourist and visitor attractions. These categories are: · Large City/Large Town, · Seaside, · Countryside/Village, · Small Town. The table above shows that; domestic trips to the countryside area, has now gone into second place out of the 4 categories of tourist and visitor attractions.
Their ability to face the challenges was strongly affected by financial capital, communication skills and connections. Strong financial capital obtained from adequate finance management and large connections appeared to highly assist the sellers’ resilience in the midst of challenges. Whereas, sufficient communication skills enabled them to be hired as naturalist guides. The absence of these factors forced souvenir businessmen to put in extra effort to maintain their livelihood. Livelihood diversification was applied by operating tourism-related businesses other than the souvenir business. Optimisation of assets was the focal strategy that enabled them to diversify their livelihoods. By opening homestays they utilised their houses to facilitate income-generating activities (Beall & Kanji, 1999). Similarly, renting out small boats as a form of tour transport also provided these people with an alternative for earning more money. As this business targeted regular visitors, they reduced their dependency on cruise visits but remained fully dependent on
For the introduction, brief information regarding my purchase and the travel and tourism industry is presented. It was then followed by the explanation of the 2 chosen theories from two different chapters.
The efforts for providing assistance to tourism infrastructure in rural areas including capacity building of rural inhabitants to ensure development of rural tourism products, which fall on the way to well-known tourist circuits in the country is being continued. As a responsible tourism initiative, 168 rural sites are being developed as rural tourism products.
Many investments for infrastructure construction in the destination primarily designed for the business tourists (hotels, restaurants, transportation…) provide economic profits, and they can also be enjoyed by local residents and leisure tourists.
Tourism is often associated with traveling to places away from home. Tourism has a big impact on the economic growth of some countries, which define the shape of their cities by producing different sectors like historic districts, convention centers, museums, malls, hotels, restaurants, and the list can be endless. Furthermore, tourism elements have been developed by cities for a variety of reasons including: situating themselves in the world by drawing a positive image and attracting visitors and for their money.
Nowadays in the rea of globalization, according to the World Tourism Organization, “seven hundred million people travelled abroad in 2003”, and the number is estimated to increase to 1.6 billion by 2020. (International Labour Organization, 2005). Tourism is spreading in unusual places. A lot of people want to be in the midst of adventure. It is a vital source of revenues for the GDP of many countries. I partially agree that tourism hugely benefits the local community. This essay will discuss some of the economic, social and environment effect of tourism on the host community.
For the past few decades other forms of tourism, also known as niche tourism, have been becoming more popular, particularly:
Tourism is an important and intricate element to society. It affects economical, social, cultural and environmental elements. Tourism can be argued to have a negative impact on the environment and decrease our already depleting resources, but tourism can also be argued to be a major contributor to strengthening economies, spread cultural traditions and improve people’s lives. Tourism
“Tourism sector plays key role in economic development.” Economics. Radio the Voice of Vietnam. 2004
Tourism's economic benefits are advertised by the industry for a sum of reasons. The idea of tourism's economic significance gives the industry a much greater respect among the business municipal, public officials, and the public in general. This often translates into decisions to tourism.
Tourism is the one of economic and social activities that increasingly vital. Number of travellers domestic and international is increasing. In fact, several countries in present world develop tourism sectors as primary sector which generate national income. According to Salah Wahab and Cooper (2003). Tourism is also sector which involves role that mutually link between government, private sector and also public.
Generally, infrastructure is divided into two main parts which involves hard and soft infrastructures. According to UNWTO (United Nations World Trade Organisation), (2011), the enlargement of tourist arrivals, went up by approximately 7% in 2010 to 940 million, has led to increase in the number of new and state-of-the-art hotels, restaurants, airports and other tourist apartments. The rising share of amenities illustrates the improvement of hard infrastructure caused by more tourist number. Other contributions of the industry to the former accessibility of electricity and water, better road systems and transport services are also involved in the related expansion of economic activity (cited in Boz, 2011). Besides that, tourism offers numerous positive impacts to the latter, according to OECD, (2014) “soft infrastructure” can be defined as the creation of events and spaces which shows the spirit and unity of that country’s culture. These forms of infrastructure programmes have been applying to both urban and rural areas in order to make the place more well-known and tourists attractive. For example, in Australia, 2007 several events including the Booktown Festival were held to develop marketing strategies and increase tourist numbers. The results were more satisfactory than expected with place-branding advantages, noticeable rural regeneration, growing tourist numbers and