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Tort Reform A tort is wrongful interference against a person or property, other than breaches of contract, for which the courts can rectify through legal action. The reform effort is aimed at reducing the number of unnecessary lawsuits that burden the court system while still allowing injured parties compensation when they’ve been wronged. This latest effort at tort reform has given rise to the same spirited rhetoric that might be found in a courtroom. With the prominence of the tort reform debate on state legislative floors across the country, many states have introduced and even passed bills that address reform issues within their respective states. Many reform proponents feel that changes in the civil justice system should be left to the states. The alternative, congressional regulation, presents more old big government solutions and the problems that accompany it. Thirty-nine states have already enacted statutory ceilings on pain and suffering awards, which may be recovered from public entities. Thirty-seven of these states cap economic damages in addition to the capping of pain and suffering damages. Two states limit pain and suffering damages regardless of whether the defendant is public or private. Two other states do not permit a pain and suffering recovery at all unless the claimant has suffered permanent loss of a bodily function, dismemberment or disfigurement; and satisfies a medical expense threshold. New York urgently needs to follow suit, because it is a sitting duck for frivolous tort litigation. New York is in the grip of a litigation explosion that is clogging their courts and slowing their economy. According to the “Tort Reformer” over 84,000 new lawsuits are brought every year...that’s the equivalent of more than 300 suits being filed on every business day. When a deranged tort system destroys an industry – driving people out of jobs, panicking customers – and does so based on junk science admitted to the courtrooms by injudicious judges – there really is the possibility of making sure it doesn’t happen again. When criminals fleeing the scene of a crime can win damages in court against the police for using force to stop them, something is wrong. When a drunk who falls in front of a subway can sue the transit authority and win in court, something is wrong – and every fair-minded person knows it. New Yor... ... middle of paper ... ...lable. http://www.cse.oorg/informed/801.html. Crotty, Paul A. Shutting Off the Money Faucet. Containing the tort explosion: The City’s Case. [Online]. Available. http://www.ci.nyc.ny.us/html/law/htnl/reform.html. Halrern, Richard G. Tort Reform: Taxation Without Representation. [Online]. Available. http://www.halprengroup.com/tortrefa.htm. Howry. Michelle. Tort Reform: Is The System Broken? [Online]. Available. http://centralohio.thesource.net/Files2/9512291.html. New Yorkers for Civil Justice Reform. The Problem: Civil In-justice. [Online]. Available. http://www.nychr.org/problem.html. New Yorkers for Civil Justice Reform. Reform Priorities. [Online]. Available. http://www.nychr.org/reforms.html New Yorkers for Civil Justice Reform. Public Opinion: Zogby Poll Finds Support for Reform. [Online]. Available. http://www.nychr.org/opinion.html New Yorkers for Civil Justice Reform. The Latest News About the Changing Landscape of Civil Justice Reform. [Online]. Available. http://www.nychr.org/newscover.html Schwan, J.D. Are Lawsuits Costing Us More Than We Think? [Online]. Available. http://www.cse.org/informed/777.html.
Damages are a fundamental principle in the American legal system. However, a number of recent cases in the United States have sparked a debate on the issue, the most famous one being the “hot coffee lawsuit”1. In 1994, Stella Liebeck bought coffee at a McDonald’s restaurant, spilt it, and was severely burnt. She sued the McDonald’s company, received $160,000 in compensatory damages, and $2.9 million in punitive damages. A judge then reduced the punitive damages to $480,000. The final out-of-court settlement was of approximately $500,000. For many, this case is frivolous (meaning that the plaintiff’s prospects of being successful were low or inexistent), but it really highlights the question of excessive punitive damages compared to the damage suffered and its causes.
Smith, C. E. (2004). Public defenders. In T. Hall, U.S. Legal System (pp. 567-572-). [Ebscohost]. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/ebookviewer/ebook
First federal attempt to define eligibility for pretrial release using objective indicators such as danger to the community, as well as the risk of flight
Even though restorative justice has many supporters, it also boasts numerous opponents as well. In response to a proposal for restorative justice, conservatives largely contest the idea in favor of a more “get-tough” on criminals approach. “According to conservative theory, human beings are obliged to curb their drive for self-gratification. Offenders are to be punished harshly in order to provide them with a moral lesson and to serve as a general deterrent” (Mantle, Fox, & Dhami, 2005, p. 20). Many citizens worry that with the advancement of restorative justice comes the loss of state and government power. Because formal court processes are usually avoided and communities execute their own “judge and jury” practices when a crime is committed, restorative justice is sometimes seen as a threat to traditional U.S. state and federal court systems. A reduction in the involvement of the American court systems is viewed as a “breakdown of traditional social and legal authority” (Mantle et al., 2005, p. 20). With “a culture that is becoming increasingly conservative and focused on security rather than personal freedom,” (Siegel, 2008, p. 194) many conservatives are resistant to a form of justice that gives more liberty an...
Smith, Brad W., and Malcolm D. Holmes. "Community accountability, minority threat, and police brutality: An examination of civil rights criminal complaints." Criminology 41.4 (2003): 1035-1064.
Walters, Laurel Shaper. "States rewrite laws to week out suits for cruel and unusual Jello." Christian Science Monitor. October 16, 1995.
Rooted in the intentions of weeding out dangerous practitioners, the blooms of the litigations created a toxic environment for physicians. The causes behind medical malpractice are justified, but the application needs work. Lawsuits inadvertently raise physicians’ liability insurance premiums, which financially and emotionally stresses them, who in turn leave an area and its residents. The effects of the lawsuits are felt by both doctors and patients. This is not to say that many physicians do not flourish in the healthcare system — they do. Hopefully, the effects of medical malpractice lawsuits can transform the toxic environment into one that facilitates growth and prosperity for
A tort is a wrong. More precisely, a tort is a violation of a duty imposed by the civil law. When a person breaks one of those duties and injures another, it is a tort. The injury could be to a person or her property. In a tort case, it is up to the injured party to seek compensation. She must hire her own lawyer, who will file a lawsuit. Her lawyer must convince the court that the defendant breached some legal duty and ought to pay money damages to the plaintiff. A crime is an act so threatening that the government itself will prosecute whether the injured party wants the case to go forward. A district attorney, who is paid by the government, will bring the case to court seeking to send the defendant to prison. If there is a fine,
It is no secret that the American legal system is distinct from other developed Western nations in its practices and laws. This variation, termed “adversarial legalism” by Professor Robert Kagan in his book, Adversarial Legalism, has two salient features: formal legal contestation and litigant activism. In civil and criminal law, jury trials and a specific lawyering culture exemplify these traits. Though adversarial legalism responds well to the American desires of justice and protection from harm while simultaneously respecting the societal fear of a government with too much power, it leads to extremely costly litigation and immense legal uncertainty. To reconcile the American view of justice and the undesirable outcomes of formal contestation and litigant activism, the legal system has gone so far as to reform large parts of the system, including bureaucratic regulations and the plea bargaining process. However, as Kagan states, rather than reduce the costliness or uncertainty of the legal process, these procedural changes have merely lead to an increase in litigation and, therefore, an increase of adversarial legalism in criminal and civil law.
A tort action is a lawsuit against a police officer who violates an individual’s constitutional right. Compensation is typically required by victims because of the injuries they suffered whether mentally or physically. These proceedings or torts can be carried through state and federal level. When reviewing Anderson v. Creighton, I believe the federal officers should be held accountable for their unlawful entry. The immunity given to these officers exceeded the jurisdiction in which they conducted their unlawful
The definition of justice and the means by which it must be distributed differ depending on an individual’s background, culture, and own personal morals. As a country of many individualistic citizens, the United States has always tried its best to protect, but not coddle, its people in this area. Therefore, the criminal justice history of the United States is quite extensive and diverse; with each introduction of a new era, more modern technologies and ideals are incorporated into government, all with American citizens’ best interests in mind.
Preceding the Manhattan Criminal Court engraved is the quote “Equal and exact justice for all men of whatever state or persuasion” which supposed to extend to my family. Unfortunately, indigent minority neighborhoods have a false view of the extent and meaning of Constitutional protections, so we were helpless. The quote rang hollow to me because it did not extend to us. A wide gap exists in ethnicity between the individuals in conflict with the court of law and the individuals chosen to represent them in the court of law. This highlights the connection between criminal justice and crime with economic inequality. My family could not afford a lawyer furthermore; the case resulted in a dismissal. Without proper representation the case faltered, evidence overlooked, suspects not interviewed, and the crime scene jeopardized. The need for individuals to understand their rights is important. Adequate education allows individuals to understand their rights, which is necessary for success and society must present such opportunity. My goal of becoming a social advocate is to contribute in the lives of my Brooklyn’s community. As well, as stem the growing tide of injustice and ...
From my point of view, I think that increase in medical litigations is one of the most important factor of health care crisis. Americans spend far more per person on the costs of litigation than any other country in the world. The excess of the litigation system are an important contributor to “defensive medicine” – the costly use of medical treatments by a doctor for the purpose of avoiding litigation. As multimillion-dollar jury awards have become more commonplace in recent years, these problems have reached crisis proportions. Insurance premiums for malpractice are increasing at a rapid rate, particularly in states that have not taken steps to make their legal systems function more predictably and effectively. Doctors are facing much higher costs of insurance.
after suffering harm from the acts of the other party (Turner, 2013). A tort is a civil wrong
Mathis, G. (2007). Justice System is Criminal and it’s Time for a Change. Tri-State Defender. Mephis, Tenn.