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the influence of Tolstoy
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Tolstoy’s Influence
Leo Tolstoy was an author, anarchist, critic, pioneer, visionary, and a world changer. He wrote many great novels and various other literary works in his time, but that only scratches the surface of how and what he did to change the world. Leo Tolstoy changed the world by starting schools which allowed peasants to get an education, influencing leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr., and changed the world through his writings.
Leo Tolstoy was a Russian author who was born September 9, 1828 at Yasnaya Polyana, Russia and died of pneumonia in the winter of 1910. Today Tolstoy is buried at his Yasnaya Polyana estate in Russia. Both of his parents died when he was just a child, and he was raised by relatives. Tolstoy was married to Sophia Tolstaya and had thirteen children with his wife however, only a handful survived past childhood. Tolstoy built up debts from gambling and joined the military to run from his debts. He began writing shortly after. He started writing letters to family and friends. Tolstoy “matured into a masterful novelist who, over the next decade and a half would write War and Peace and Anna Karenina” (Heims, p. 75). He really became inspired to start writing after he met Victor Hugo and read his book Les Miserablés, written in 1862. Leo Tolstoy borrowed the title for his best and most famous novel War and Peace, which was published in 1869, from French anarchist Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. Proudhon also influenced Leo Tolstoy becoming an anarchist, after Tolstoy read his publication called “La Guerre et la Paix”, which is French for war and peace. War and Peace was not Tolstoy’s only famous work though, he had numbers of others. Tolstoy’s second most notable book was Anna Karenina,...
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Tolstoy, Leo. "The Death of Ivan Ilyich." Norton Anthology of World Literature: 1650 to the present. 3RD ed. Volume E. Puchner, Akbari, Denecke, et al. New York, London: W. W Norton, 2012. 740-778. Print.
People usually believe following society is the “right” way of living. In Leo Tolstoy’s novel, Death of Ivan Ilyich, Tolstoy uses a recurring theme of conformity. He illustrates Ivan Ilyich, the protagonist, a middle class man as a modern day conformist. His character lives for society’s approval and in doing so, distracts himself from seeking true happiness. Throughout the novel, Leo Tolstoy uses satire to expose the upper-middle class people as conformists. Tolstoy portrays the damaging effects propriety has on an individual when the individual chooses to disregard compassion and fulfillment in favor of society’s norms.
Tolstoy, Leo. The Death of Ivan Ilyich. Trans. Lynn Solotaroff. New York: Bantam Books, 1981.
Son of a poverty-stricken shoemaker, raised in a backward province, Joseph Stalin had only a minimum of education. However, he had a burning faith in the destiny of social revolution and an iron determination to play a prominent role in it. His rise to power was bloody and bold, yet under his leadership, in an unexplainable twenty-nine years, Russia because a highly industrialized nation. Stalin was a despotic ruler who more than any other individual molded the features that characterized the Soviet regime and shaped the direction of Europe after World War II ended in 1945. From a young revolutionist to an absolute master of Soviet Russia, Joseph Stalin cast his shadow over the entire globe through his provocative affair in Domestic and Foreign policy.
Leo Tolstoy argues in The Death of Ivan Ilyich the importance of compassion in life and the pivotal role it plays in allowing an individual to live a truly satisfying life. In his eyes, the Russian nobility did not actually live since their sole priorities were themselves and obtaining possessions. While the poor, on the other hand, understood the importance of their time on this earth and seized every second of it. Although written in the late nineteenth century, Tolstoy’s work continues to apply to American society even today. People continue to isolate themselves from the world and suppress all difficult emotions, believing that their wealth-oriented lives are noble.
1. Lenin: Vladimir Lenin, born Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, on April 22, 1870, in Simbirsk, Russia, died at the age of 53 in Gorki-Leninskyie, Russia on January 21, 1924. Lenin was a well-educated lawyer and revolutionary who was one of the most influential leaders in the 20th century. Lenin crafted the Bolshevik Revolution and ultimately became the first leader of the Soviet Communist Party and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR). Lenin was a follower of the works of Karl Marx and his socialist ideas of “Dialectical Materialism.” He modified them to become what is referred to as Marxism-Leninism, which advocates for the worker in a classless society and abolished the bonds between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat.
Merriman, C.D.. "Leo Tolstoy." - Biography and Works. Search Texts, Read Online . Discuss.. Jalic INC., 1 Jan. 2007. Web. 16 May 2014. .
One Work Cited In "The Death of Ivan Ilych", Leo Tolstoy examines the life of a man, Ivan, who would seem to have lived an exemplary life with moderate wealth, high station, and family. By story's end, however, Ivan's life will be shown to be devoid of passion -- a life of duties, responsibilities, respect, work, and cold objectivity to everything and everyone around Ivan. It is not until Ivan is on his death bed in his final moments that he realizes what will become the major theme of the story: that the personal relationships we forge are more important in life than who we are or what we own.
Joseph Stalin changed history by making the Soviet Union a world power, helping start the Cold War, and creating the Five Year Plan. The Five Year Plan was a list of economic goals to try to industrialize the Soviet Union (en.wikipedia.org). Stalin made the Soviet Union a world power, which defiantly changed the world for the good and the bad. Stalin helped start the Cold War, which had major impact on many countries, and changed the world. In all Stalin had multiple reasons why he changed the world some good and some bad.
The story of In "The Death of Ivan Ilych", was written by Leo Tolstoy around who examines the life of a man, Ivan Ilyich, who would seem to have lived an exemplary life with moderate wealth, high station, and family. By story's end, however, Ivan's life will be shown to be devoid of passion -- a life of duties, responsibilities, respect, work, and cold objectivity to everything and everyone around Ivan. It is not until Ivan is on his death bed in his final moments that he realizes that materialism had brought to his life only envy, possessiveness, and non-generosity and that the personal relationships we forge are more important than who we are or what we own.
Tolstoy, Leo. Anna Karenina. Trans. Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky. New York, NY: Penguin, 2000. Print.
Gandhi also was deeply influenced by Tolstoy's writing on non-violence in The Kingdom of God is Within You. Tolstoy strongly believed in nonresistance (nonviolence) when faced by conflict. The goal of non-violent conflict is to convert your opponent; to win over their mind and heart and persuade them that your point of view is right. “Tolstoy’s The Kingdom of God is Within You overwhelmed me. It left an abiding impression on me. Before the independent thinking, profound morality, and the truthfulness of this book, all other books given me by Mr. Coates seemed to pale into insignificance.”
Tolstoy, Leo. "Tolstoy Defends War and Peace". Tolstoy: The Critical Heritage. Ed. A.V. Knowles. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1978. 124-133.
Tolstoy, Leo. "The Death of Ivan Ilych." The Longman Anthology of Short Fiction. Ed. Dana
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