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Article Review
Article Review 6
Problem
Toilet training is one of the most important developmental skills for individuals to attain. Most children begin toilet training around age ranges between 2 to 4 years old; however, for a variety of reasons toilet training is not always achieved this early for individuals who suffer from any intellectual disability. In fact, it is estimated that over half of individuals with either have experienced difficulties with toileting, making it a common focus of intervention for individuals in these populations. Incontinence is a crucial and extensive quandary for those individuals with intellectual disabilities who were institutionalized. This varies from one point to another mainly because of the cultural values associated with toilet training.
Despite the fact that toilet training is associated with positive impacts, it is however, not fully achieved because of various challenges by some individuals. Lack of bladder control as well as bowel control is one of the reasons as to why toilet training among some children may be a hard to be achieved. Incontinence renders any child to be vulnerable to toilet training due to lack of
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Lack of reference data is a hindrance to the success of the attempts in place designed to determine if the strategies put in place are appropriate when it comes to dealing with the needs of the disabled. Furthermore, it becomes more difficult to determine the continence of the institutionalized. The availability of research data is very important when it comes to the analysis of the study at hand as it identifies whether the study problem will be addressed
After reading Kim’s case study I noted that at 17 months she was referred to an early intervention program called 619. Kim was diagnosed with cerebral palsy and seizures; she also suffers with toilet learning. However, according to Kim pediatrician, she no longer suffers from seizures, but can use improvement with gross motor and language. Kim’s mother Mrs. Doe feels early intervention has assisted Kim in becoming more independent, although she still struggles with balance, mobility, and undressing. To better assist Kim with her development I came up with four assistive
Timing is critical when determining if your child is ready to be potty trained. In most cases children are showing an interest in becoming potty trained between the ages of 18 months to 24 months old. During this process the parent should try to avoid using toilets that have the auto flush, which often times scare many children. In the event you find yourself having to use this particular type of toilet, consider covering the sensor so that the parent can control the flush. Having a toilet stall with adequate space, along with an appropriate size potty chair that allows the parent to kneel and console their child during this tedious process is also helpful.
In the treatment of those individuals labeled as disabled, be it physically, mentally, or a combination thereof, we are faced with many challenging ethical questions. The first and foremost of these is, what is ultimately, “the right thing to do.” While we may or may not agree on the answer to this question, as well as those that follow, many advances have been made in our society to deal with disabled individuals in the most humane and ethical way possible.
Amidst the school kids and the naked bum, there is a toilet. The free-standing, self-cleaning, public restroom installed by JCDecaux Company only costs a quarter. If you can stomach the sight of the remnants of human excrement and the pungent odor of fecal matter mixed with urine, stale cigarettes, and vomit, this toilet can prove to be extremely convenient. For those who drank too much Starbucks on their way to work or those with a crying four year-old, a public restroom amongst all the “customer only” signs seems like a reasonable solution. With a twenty minute limit, there is adequate time to relieve your bowels, seek shelter from the rain, shoot up ...
The Interaction Order of Public Bathrooms, written by Spencer E. Cahill, is an article that does a fairly well job at analyzing interpersonal relationships and individual practices in restrooms. Cahill used ideologies of Emile Durkheim, Erving Goffman, Margaret Atwood, Horace Miner, and Lyn Lofland to help construct his perspective on the individual’s expectations of bathroom etiquette through our experiences with others and how we internalize these behaviors.
Dr. Straight hypothesized over the use of targets for toilet training boys because from what he saw, young boys have a profound interest in target making and aim to make that target. Although the young boys weren’t any good, he questioned if he could exploit the concept as a new toilet training tool.
Marshall, C. A., Kendall, E., Banks, M. E., & Gover, R. S. (2009). Disabilities Vol. 2. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.
Child providers need to know the correct way to change a diaper and appropriate ways to teach children to use the toilet in order to prevent the spread of illness.
Next you will want to teach your toddler about proper hygiene. After your toddler as finished pottying you should teach then to wipe from front to back. This helps prevent any bacteria from entering the private areas, which could lead to health issues such as bacterial infections. Your toddler should also learn how to use proper hand washing skills after they are done using the potty to prevent spreading harmful germs to other individuals. Proper hygiene is an important step of potty training because it can prevent several illness and disease from
Parents across the nation have struggled with the effectiveness of toilet training. Toilet training is an age old task that does not just consist of making it in time to the restroom, but a complete process of discussion, undressing, eliminating, dressing again, flushing the toilet, and washing ones hands (Brannigan, Cuskelly, and Keen, 2007). With a variety of techniques parents have created their own way of completing the process of toilet training through some form of behavior modification. Behavior modification involves the systematic application of learning principles and techniques to assess and improve individuals’ covert and overt behaviors in order to enhance their daily functioning (Martin and Pear, 2015). While parents create their
Elimination disorders are responsible for the inappropriate elimination of urine or feces and are commonly first diagnosed in childhood or adolescence. This group of disorders includes enuresis, the repeated voiding of urine into inappropriate places, and encopresis, the repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places. In Enuresis, we can find the presence or absence of constipation and overflow incontinence for encopresis. However, there are minimum age requirements for diagnosis of Enuresis and Encopresis. These requirements are based on developmental age and not especially on chronological period of time. Enuresis and Encopresis disorders can be volimtary or involuntary because both disorders happen discretely, although coincidences may also be observed in many cases.
Healthcare professionals lack experience and education on how to work with hospitalized patients with intellectual disabilities (reference). Admittance into the hospital can put a lot of stress on individuals with ID as well as their caregivers, and the healthcare professionals involved. Balancing the needs of individuals with intellectual disabilities is a challenge for many professionals throughout the hospital due to multiple factors have produced years of social oppression, institutional discrimination, and attitudinal barriers. Communication is the key to maintaining a seamless flow between health care professionals and their special need patients. By advocating for a reform in training of health care professions, this would help with increasing the quality of services provided for those with intellectual
1. In this class, I learned many personal care skills such as peri-care, assisting an individual to eat, dressing, and transferring them using lifts and slings. I faced a few problems while providing peri-care to an individual. In providing peri-care, a person has to clean up the genital area and also to change a diaper of a client. I found it very awkward at first because it was my first experience in my life to provide someone with a peri-care. I faced difficulties while changing the diaper of the client; I was confused which side of the diaper should be up and which should be downward. I also have to take care of not to use the same wipe again and again, also to change the gloves while providing peri-care in order prevent the risk of infection.
For several years, teachers have been struggling to keep their students focused in class. In more current times, this problem is brought to light again, as NEASC visits Staples High school.. Perhaps the biggest problem, is students leaving multiple times in every class, to go to the bathroom. This disrupts class time, and has negative effects on the student 's education, as they miss material while they leave class. It is in our nature to pee involuntarily, since the day we are born. We are mammals, do you see any other animal trying to manipulate their bladder? It is an unnatural act. Not only does it go against our human nature, it also sets us back in our ability to learn. Bathroom breaks during class take away from a successful education,
In society today, there are many children and parents who face the diagnosis of having a developmental disability that would qualify them for special education and needs. This time can come with many questions for the parents when they realize the specialized care and education their child will need. Most often, questions arise about their schooling and how they will be included with other children, as well as what services are available to their child. How their disability impacts their life is a very valid concern because their education will be impacted. When a disability is discovered, it effects trickle down from the child to the parents, to the teachers and finally the medical and educational specialists.