To In-Vitro or End Vitro
analytical Essay
1833 words
To In-Vitro or End Vitro
As stated by Dr Grossman of Xavier University “In the United States, infertility is an issue of great concern to many couples of childbearing age. More than 15 percent of all such couples are estimated to be infertile (Grossman, 2003). The medical definition of in vitro fertilization: IVF is a laboratory procedure in which sperm are placed with an unfertilized egg in a Petri dish to achieve fertilization. The embryo is then transferred into the uterus to begin a pregnancy or cryopreserved (frozen) for future use.(retrieved on June 12, 2011, from www.medterms.com) IVF was originally devised to permit women with damaged or absent Fallopian tubes to have a baby. Normally a mature egg is released from the ovary (ovulated), then enters the Fallopian tube, and waits in the neck of the tube for a sperm to fertilize it. With defective Fallopian tubes, this is not possible. In vitro fertilization literally means "fertilization in glass." A child born by in vitro fertilization is inaccurately known a "test tube baby." When needed the egg (known as the zygote) is place into the uterus of patients intending to institute a stage of pregnancy. The first successful birth of a "test tube baby", Louise Brown, occurred in 1978. Robert G. Edwards, the doctor who developed the treatment, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2010. Before that, there was a transient biochemical pregnancy reported by Australian Foxton School researchers in 1953 and an ectopic pregnancy reported by Steptoe and Edwards in 1976. (http://www.telegraphindia.com, 2010) The process of In Vitro Fertilization Pre-Embryo Transfer (IVF-ET) is an infertility corrective procedure which first found major success as in 1978 by Dr. Edwards ...
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In this essay, the author
- Explains the medical definition of in vitro fertilization, which is a laboratory procedure in which sperm are placed with an unfertilized egg, and the embryo is then transferred into the uterus.
- Explains that the inception of in-vitro fertilization (ivf) was subject of enormous debate and controversy due to a lack of understanding, and the public’s concerns over the success of the procedure.
- Opines that the human desire to have children poses the question of who has the right to tell families they cannot do what is necessary to continue a family tree of generational, biological and legacy.
- Opines that it is immoral and unethical to change the natural order of things. the use of powerful techniques to facilitate reproduction in humans and animals must be balanced against legal, ethical, and moral concerns.
- Argues that in-vitro fertilization is a form of discrimination against people with disabilities.
- Explains that mattie's heartsongs series of poetry books reached the ny times bestseller list, and he had entries in other authors' books.
- Argues that man-kind's ability to alter and control the outcomes of life contributes to an inevitable chaos.
- Explains that over one million babies born through ivf have a 1 in 10 risk of birth defects, two times more than naturally born babies.
- Explains that ifv is a process created to solve the problem of infertility by creating thousands of children incapable of living normal lives without some form of assistance.
- Explains that brassard m, casper rf, and domar ad have published articles on basic infertility and polycystic ovary syndrome.
- Describes the psychiatric aspects of infertility and its treatment.
- Explains hornstein's work on optimizing natural fertility in couples planning pregnancy. infertility: frequently asked questions.
- Explains kuohung w, lobo ra, katz vl, et al., comprehensive gynecology.
- Describes the resources on in vitro fertilization (ivf) statistics.
- Describes the causes of male infertility, including wein aj's campbell-walsh urology, and swerdloff rs.
- Explains march of dimes' advice on fertility treatment. understanding menopause. u.s. department of health and human services.
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- IVFargumentative essayIn vitro fertilization (IVF), also called test-tube conception is a medical procedure in which mature egg cells are removed from a woman, fertilized with male sperm outside the body, and inserted into the uterus of the same or another woman for normal gestation.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that moustafa kamel r. assisted reproductive technology after the birth of louise brown. journal of reproduction & infertility.
- Explains in vitro fertilization, also called test-tube conception, where mature egg cells are removed from a woman, fertilized with male sperm outside the body, and inserted into the uterus for normal gestation.
- Explains that in vitro fertilization is generally undertaken only after an exhaustive evaluation of infertility has been made.
- Explains kumar v, lu p. in vitro fertilization: a history and discussion. penn bioethics journal; 7(1): 12-16.
- Explains goodwin t. management of common problems in obstetrics and gynecology. chichester, west sussex: wiley-blackwell.
- Explains cdc's section 2a: art cycles using fresh, nondonor eggs or embryos figures 6-15.
- Analyzes malizia ba, hacke mr, penzias as. cumulative live birth rates after in vitro fertilization.
- Explains that robert g. edwards was awarded the nobel prize in medicine in physiology or medicine for the development of in vitro fertilization.
- Concludes that although ivf is an effective treatment option, it cannot reverse age-related infertility.
- Opines that it is excessive to judge that biologists are on the brink of a discovery with the destructive prowess of the atomic bomb.
515 wordsRead More - In Vitro Fertilization: Pros And Cons?opinion essayOn July 25 in 1978, a baby was born in England to a family who had been attempting to have a child for over nine years. The child, Louis Brown, was conceived as a result of in vitro fertilization. Brown is known to be the “world’s first [successful] test tube baby” and she, along with her family, were thrust under the spotlight of the media and science world alike (“The World’s First Test Tube Baby”). After the fertilization and birth were both successful, in vitro fertilization, or IVF, became a large topic for debate and medical expansion. Since 1978, it is believed that over 5 million babies have been born from in vitro fertilization (“ART Fact Sheet”). In 2012 alone, 61,000 babies were born via IVF, making this procedure extremely popular (Doucleff). Despite the fact that this process has helped many families have children when they normally would never have the opportunity to, in vitro fertilization is a highly controversially topic that has been subject to debate since it first became a fertility option in 1978.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that in vitro fertilization, or ivf, is a controversial fertility option that has been subject to debate since 1978.
- Analyzes how robert edwards and patrick steptoe created a way to fertilize an egg with sperm, and then implant the fertilized egg back into the woman.
- Explains that in vitro fertilization is against people's religious beliefs and therefore amoral and wrong. the roman catholic church has clearly stated that they are against the use of assistive reproductive technology.
- Explains that many people would not have the opportunity to start a family or have kids unless they had in vitro fertilization.
- Explains that in vitro fertilization screening technology, called pre-implantation genetic diagnosis, can locate many wanted and unwanted genes, filtering the worthy from the undesired.
- Opines that people like in vitro fertilization and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis because they can find embryos that will work as tissue and cell donors to another child.
- Explains that savior siblings are children who are conceived and born in order to save another, usually dying child. many groups disapprove of this claiming that a child should be brought into this world loved unconditionally.
- Compares the story of molly and adam nash, who were diagnosed with fanconi anemia. the parents describe the ordeal as a miracle and are grateful for both their children. in vitro fertilization and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis have been useful in saving many lives.
- Opines that in vitro fertilization should be regulated in the united states.
- Explains that in vitro fertilization takes time, planning, and money to attempt to conceive a child. there are both positives and negatives that accompany this topic.
1635 wordsRead More - In Vitro Frtilization By Robert G. Edwardsexplanatory essayThousands of babies are born each year to couples who may have never been able to conceive on their own. Dr. Robert G. Edwards is given the credit for developing a procedure called in vitro fertilization, which continues to give hope to couples all over the world. The term “in vitro,” broken down, implies that a process occurs outside of a living organism, therefore “in vitro fertilization” simply means fertilization outside of an organism. This groundbreaking accomplishment is what lead Dr. Edwards to being awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. While previous studies had been done on the subject, he was the first to conduct the research necessary to make in vitro fertilization truly possible, and with help from Patrick Steptoe,
In this essay, the author
- Explains that dr. robert g. edwards developed in vitro fertilization, which gives hope to couples all over the world. this groundbreaking accomplishment led him to be awarded the 2010 nobel prize in physiology or medicine.
- Explains that the nobel prize website provides an article that describes the entire history of in vitro fertilization. gregory pincus was the first to create the appropriate conditions for mammalian oocytes to mature.
- Describes dr. robert g. edwards' research in the late 1950s, and his first obstacle was access to oocytes that were at the correct stage for in vitro fertilization.
- Explains that the final error that called for correction was the hormone treatments women were receiving to induce oocyte maturation, which were resulting in spontaneous abortions. louise joy brown was born, the first baby successfully born through in vitro fertilization.
- Explains that the laparoscope has been replaced with an ultrasound method, and cryopreservation of human embryos is not something out of the ordinary. male infertility can be treated through intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
- States tanmoy mukherjee's article, "4 advances that make in vitro fertilization more successful than ever," that embryo biopsy and genetic analysis help address the challenge of embryos that look good in the lab, but turn out to be chromosomally abnormal.
- Explains that in vitro fertilization has provided hope for millions of couples who may have never been able to have a child of their own. dr. robert g. edwards' 20 years of dedication and persistence to the cause of infertility rewarded him with the 2010 nobel prize in physiology or medicine.
818 wordsRead More - In Vitro Fertilization and Infertitlityexplanatory essayThe process for in vitro fertilization involves stimulating multiple follicles and eggs to develop over time. There are 5 steps in this process stimulation, egg retrieval, fertilizing the eggs in the laboratory, culturing the embryo, and embryo transfer to the uterus (A.D.A.M Board, 2012). In the stimulation process both partners perform screening test. Before injection, the female should have a testing of “ovarian reserve”. The medication is given to help ripen the eggs to start a process called ovulation. The injections that women receive in her hormones help her produce many eggs. The male can also take medications to produce more sperm. The number of eggs received correlates with IVF success rates. In the egg retrieval process females receive blood and ultrasound testing is completed every 1-3 days to check the development of the follicles in the ovaries. In this process the women has minor surgery. This surgery is called follicular aspiration. Follicular aspiration occurs to remove the eggs from the women’s body. The doctor inserts a small needle through the vagina. The needle goes to the ovary or the sac. The ovary holds the eggs. A sucti...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that in vitro fertilization and infertility are going to be discussed throughout this paper.
- Explains the process of in vitro fertilization, which involves stimulating multiple follicles and eggs to develop over time.
- Explains the process of in virto fertilization, which is the development of an offspring outside of the woman's body.
- Explains that infertility is the main component of in vitro fertilization. in 1878 many experiments occurred to help develop ivf.
- Explains that although in vitro fertilization has been successful, it still has many pros and cons.
- Explains that virto fertilization has a ton of side effects, including abdominal pain and bloating. ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (ohss) occurs when the ovarian stimulation syndrome goes too far.
- Explains that infertility in men comes from varicoloe, which is the absence of sperm count. age and health are similarities in both men and women.
- Describes the pros and cons of in vitro fertilization, including costs, success rate, multiple births, egg storage, and ivf side effects.
- Explains board, a.d.a.m., "in virto fertilization (ivf)". u.s. national library of medicine.
1273 wordsRead More - Research Paper On In Vitro Fertilizationopinion essayIn Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a complex series of procedures used to help those who want children but struggle with infertility. The process consists of extracting eggs from a woman and collecting a man’s sperm sample then manually combining them in a lab dish. Once the embryo(s) are created they are transferred to a woman’s uterus. IVF is commonly used in woman who cannot conceive on their own due to different reasonings. “These include but are not limited to blocked or damaged fallopian tubes, male factor infertility, woman with ovulation disorders, genetic disorders, woman who have had their fallopian tubes removed and unexplained infertility.” (American Pregnancy)
In this essay, the author
- Opines that fertility chief calls for clarity on ivf pros and cons. bbc news 25 october 2013.
- Opines that the nhs shouldn't fund ivf just because you want a baby.
- Analyzes jennifer gerson's article, "the cost of ivf: 4 things i learned while battling infertility." forbes 6 february 2014.
- Explains that in vitro fertilization is a complex series of procedures used to help those who want children but struggle with infertility.
1609 wordsRead More - In Vitro Fertilization Argumentative Essaycomparative essayIn the World, there are a lot of couples who are unfortunate and are unable to be able to give birth to children, making them infertile. There are a lot of different methods of contraceptives that infertile parents can use to have a baby, but the one I will be talking about today is IVF: In-vitro fertilization. There are hundreds of thousands of test tube babies living in the world right now, and is a very known method of having babies. According to the Centres for Disease Control (CDC), in the year 2002, about 2%, which is 1.2 million of the 62 million American Women, had a doctor’s appointment related to infertility, and most of those appointments were for IVF. (Source: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/babies-today/) The IVF treatment was invented in order to grant infertile couples the happiness of having a child, however, it is when fertilization occurs outside the body. On Average, 1 in 8 American couples experience infertility, and 1.1 million of these peo...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that with an increasing knowledge and understanding of the natural world including ourselves, we are now in a position to manage not only our environment but also our own biology including our reproduction.
- Explains that while japan and germany worry about a falling birth rate and an aging population, other countries such as china and india are trying to increase the life expectancy of their people and reduce birth rates.
- Explains that infertile couples are unable to conceive naturally and seek medical help. in-vitro fertilization is an effective contraceptive.
- Explains that in vitro fertilization is a major treatment of infertile couples, and is done when other methods of contraception have failed.
- Explains the process of in vitro fertilization, wherein the sperm and eggs are mixed together in a petri dish or test tube.
- Explains that the ivf treatment is effective and has resulted in over 190,000 live births over the years.
- Compares the pros and cons of ivf, stating that it has raised moral issues and disrupted religious beliefs.
- Explains that the catholic church does not support ivf because it separates the unitive and the procreative aspects of marriage.
- Explains that ivf treatment is a business that allows doctors and surgeons to earn money, but it also shows the economic gap of the world.
- Concludes that the ivf treatment is a very efficient contraceptive, and is reliable. in the world right now, there are more than 190,000 babies that were born using it.
1573 wordsRead More - Coffee and Heart Diseaseanalytical essaySecurity caffeine intake during pregnancy is still controversial among researchers, but many of the studies warn of eating high amounts of it because there is a risk, considering abortion, premature delivery or low birth weight, despite the absence of strong evidence of this is what needs to be further study. But caffeine is no secret that cross the placenta to the fetus when a pregnant mother dealt with as it comes out with breast milk, raising the pulse rate of the fetus and infant, as well as increase the amount of movement and activity.
In this essay, the author
- Argues that coffee free from caffeine is beneficial and not harmful to the heart or in the emergence of illnesses through the containment of antioxidants to oxidation.
- Explains that decaffeinated coffee raises the risk of heart disease by more than what you could do regular coffee. researchers found no difference between the percentage analysis of blood sugar after fasting or the proportion of insulin or blood cholesterol or total cholesterol.
- Opines that it is important to pensive is that regular coffee did not affect the cholesterol or triglycerides or sugar.
- Explains that the american heart association's advice to adopt the role of eating high amounts of caffeine in the emergence of coronary heart disease has not been proven until today.
- Explains that the brain quickly get rid of caffeine unlike other stimulant drugs, and continue to take caffeine with time creates a state of familiarity and lack of vital influence on the body.
- Explains that some drinks containing caffeine contribute to weight loss, which is fixed in a scientific even today, in terms of the effect of reduced appetite for food or increased burning of fat for energy production.
- Explains that there is no specific advice to bodies of medical in the united states on the highest amount of caffeine allowed the child address them, but the bodies in canada, says that eating 45 melgrama is the maximum for the children every day.
- Explains that the effect of caffeine on children is similar to that in adults, however, affected by faster and higher, given the lack of body weight to them.
- Explains that security caffeine intake during pregnancy is still controversial among researchers, but many studies warn of eating high amounts of it because there is a risk, considering abortion, premature delivery or low birth weight.
1055 wordsRead More - Effects Of Caffeine Addiction Essayanalytical essayCaffeine has been linked to a number of birth defects – most notably low birth weight, as “pregnant women have slower caffeine metabolism, with 1.5 to 3.5 times longer half-life needed to eliminate caffeine, compared to non-pregnant woman” (Rhee et al. ___ ). Furthermore, because infants’ livers are less developed than those of their mothers’, they are at a much higher risk of caffeine poisoning and related effects (such as low birth weight) – “recently, Greenwood et al found that consuming an increment of 100 mg/day of caffeine was associated with a 7% increase in the risk of LBW” (Rhee et al. 2). Similar reasoning applies to newborns, who still share a link to their mothers through breastfeeding – a method by which a significant amount of caffeine can be
In this essay, the author
- Explains that caffeine is a legal stimulant and sleep suppressant used by many students and workers to wake themselves up in the morning or throughout the day.
- Explains that adults need around six hours of sleep, while teenagers need eight to ten, and children need 10 to 12. a teenager who stays up late for homework and requires a kick to get them awake will need another (potentially stronger) kick later.
- Explains that coffee consumption has increased dramatically in the last 20 years due in part to an increase in consumption of caffeine.
- Argues that caffeine addiction is a symptom that perpetuates itself and many other problematic symptoms.
1338 wordsRead More - Effects of Psychoactive Drugsexplanatory essaySloviter, V. (2007). Caffeine or no caffeine: What’s a pregnant woman to do? Pediatrics for parents, 23(8), 7. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/200502571?accountid=41057
In this essay, the author
- Explains that development starts as soon as the baby is conceived, and that the mother's blood flows through the uterine arteries to the spaces housing the placenta.
- Explains that caffeine is a stimulant that has not been given the attention that some say it deserves.
- Explains that illicit drugs are a growing problem in the united states. cocaine is the second most widely used illicit substance during pregnancy.
- Explains that methamphetamine is an illicit stimulant drug that is becoming more and more popular.
- Explains that nicotine crosses the placenta and fetal concentration of nicotine can be 15% higher than maternal concentration. second-hand smoke and smoking cigarettes are similar.
- Explains that being pregnant is a responsibility that should be taken seriously by every expectant mother. caffeine, cocaine, methamphetamine, and nicotine are all stimulants that one should avoid.
- Explains the epigenetics of maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and effects on child development.
- Cites schiller, pat, & slamberova, r. (2012). drugs in pregnancy: the effects on mother and her progeny.
1211 wordsRead More - The Effects on Caffeine During Pregnancyanalytical essayAlso caffeine can cause complications in the pregnancy, labor, and delivery. Caffeine consumption during pregnancy is harmful to the developing the baby’s brain. Doctors suggest that careful studies should be performed to evaluate the efforts of caffeine consumption by pregnant women. The maternal height and weight maybe in danger also due to too much caffeine.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that caffeine is the most dangerous cause of danger in pregnancy and their offspring. it can infect the metabolism, the fetal, and can cause miscarriages.
- Explains that caffeine is dangerous during pregnancy because it can cause miscarriages, stress the immature metabolism of the fetus, and increase the blood flow in the placenta.
- Explains that caffeine is a bitter white alkaloid found in coffee, tea, and kola nuts. it increases your heart rate and metabolism and makes you feel more alert.
- Explains that caffeine can cause complications in pregnancy, labor, and delivery. caffeine consumption during pregnancy is harmful to the developing baby’s brain.
- Explains that the march of dimes recommends that women who are pregnant or trying, only intake no more than 200mg of caffeine per day.
- Explains that too much caffeine can cause miscarriages, and that it is harmful because it stresses the immature metabolism of the fetus and decreases blood flow in the placenta.
- Explains that miscarriage is the most common type of pregnancy loss according to the american college of obstetricians and gynecologists.
- Explains that most miscarriages occur during the first 13 weeks of pregnancy, so it is beneficial to be informing about them in the unfortunate event of one.
- Explains that coffee during pregnancy can stress the immature metabolism of the fetus. a cup or two a day won't harm the offspring.
- Explains that previous studies may be confounded by significant variations in mothers’ rates of caffeine metabolism and incomplete measurement of coffee consumption. some research has failed to take into account other risk factors.
- Analyzes the risk of fetal growth restriction increased sharply from baseline up to 30mg of daily caffeine consumption, and continued to increase in an almost linear fashion.
- Explains that earlier studies used coffee as a prime measure of caffeine intake, whereas this study carefully included caffeine from all sources, and found tea to provide the majority of the caffeine.
- Explains that caffeine can increase the blood flow in the placenta by having too much of it. the effects of maternal ingestion of two cups of coffee were investigated in 20 pregnancies during the last trimester
- Opines that the decrease of the placental blood supply and increased maternal serum epinephrine levels associated with maternal coffee ingestion may be potential perinatologic risks and more investigation about caffeine effects in human pregnancy is needed.
- Analyzes the association between maternal caffeine intake from different sources and gestational length, particularly the risk for spontaneous preterm delivery, and birth weight.
- Explains that too much caffeine can cause major miscarriages, low metabolism, and low birth weight. to be on the safe side you should on intake 200mg a day.
1136 wordsRead More