Tissue Engineering
Tissue engineering, labeled by Time.com as the number one hottest job for the 21st century, holds great potential for medicine and the treatment of chronic diseases and disorders. With tissue engineering, familiar problems like the rejection of foreign tissue by the body, the severe shortage of organ donors, and the inefficiency of artificial devices may be solved. However, this cutting edge biotechnology has already spurred intense controversy over the ethics and morality of creating spare human body parts.
The goal of tissue engineering is to grow tissues and neo-organs that can be used for transplants. Tissue engineers must first decide what type of cell they want to use and stimulate to grow. Because animal cells may be unsafe and rejected by a human immune system, human cells are preferred when the end goal is an organ for human use. Embryonic stem cells may be used, but it is difficult to be able to coax the cells to differentiate into the specific cells needed for the organ (e.g. liver cells). Progenitor cells are not fully differentiated and thus can be stimulated to grow into different cell types. For example, there is a progenitor cell that can form into either bile-producing cells or cells that line bile ducts, depending on the way it is manipulated in culture. For a wound or bone fracture, an injection of growth factors can stimulate the specific cells around the wound to regenerate and facilitate healing. The specific cells can also be grown in bioreactors that simulate the conditions of a human body and expose the cells to growth factors.
Using the cultured cells, tissue engineers then seed them on a molded scaffold. The scaffold is made out of a biodegradable material that disintegrat...
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...th kidney disease, and she, the recipient of two brand-new engineered kidneys, displays a quasi-jealousy over the patient who will have dialysis treatment and receive attention every week. With neo-organs readily available to replace diseased and worn out organs, what will happen to doctor-patient relations? We may be able to one day perfect tissue engineering, but a flawless science will not do much so long as we have emotionally flawed humans like Olivia and Troy.
Sources
Langer, Robert S. and Joseph P. Vacanti. “Tissue Engineering: The Challenges Ahead.” Scientific American April 1999: 86-89.
Mooney, David J. and Antonios G. Mikos. “Growing New Organs.” Scientific American April 1999: 60-68.
“What Will be the 10 Hottest Jobs?” Visions of the 21st Century. 1 May 2000. http://www.time.com/time/reports/v21/work/mag_ten_hottest_jobs.html.
Most people live in capitalist societies where money matters a lot. Essentially, ownership is also of significance since it decides to whom the money goes. In present days, human tissues matter in the scientific field. Rebecca Skloot, author of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, shows how Henrietta Lacks’s cells have been used well, and at the same time, how they have been a hot potato in science because of the problem of the ownership. This engages readers to try to answer the question, “Should legal ownership have to be given to people?” For that answer, yes. People should be given the rights to ownership over their tissues for patients to decide if they are willing to donate their tissues or not. Reasons will be explained as follows.
The cells unique nature has scientists intrigued to do research with the focus of finding a way that these cells can be used to replace patients’ injured or diseased tissues. Advancement is made to all the three types of stem cells namely embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells in addition to induced pluripotent cells. Embryonic cells are the building blocks of an embryo that is developing, and can develop into almost all body cell types. Somatic cells are found in the body tissues. They renew and regenerate in healthy bodies. The third type which is induced pluripotent is genetically modified embryo cells from skin cells.2 Research on these cells are geared towards saving humanity; a noble course.
Asia’s history had conflicts that led to the rise and fall of different dynasties. The collapse of Han dynasty affected the political and economic system...
The Roman Empire and Han Dynasty were ruled with extremely dissimilar philosophies. The Roman Empire led with mixed sophistication and brutality. It suddenly lurched from a civilization, strength and power to terror, tyranny and greed. Powers given to the emperors were abused. However, rulers of the earlier Han Dynasty understood people’s needs for peace and production. This led to their prosperity. The term “yin and yang” come from the philosophy come from their period in China where unity is the theme of the most important fundamental attribute of political philosophy.
Baba betrays Ali, Amir and Hassan by his unfaithful decision to have an affair and steel Hassans right to know the truth about his parentage, Baba does not pursue seeking a strong connection with Hassan because of his regretful actions. In truth, Baba is truly disappointed in both of his sons. In Amir, he is reminded of his deceased princess. In Hassan, he is reminded of the Hazara, Sanaubar, he ...
Ancient China was one of the earliest places of human civilization. The country’s history could be described as a series of dynasties each ruled by emperors. The Han dynasty set the pattern for Chinese history by causing growth in the economy and the promotion of Confucianism as the state philosophy. The Qing dynasty was ruled by Empress Wu, but a rebellion during this dynasty ended the dynasty reign. This led to China in the 20th century which includes the Treaty of Versailles, the People’s Republic of China, and, most importantly, Communism. Sun Yat-Sen, who created the Republic of China in 1912, entered alliance with the new Comm...
Michelis, L. (2011). The Greek Debt Crisis: Suggested Solutions and Reforms. The Rimini Centre Economic Analysis (RECEA), Italy.
The Greek economy has seen a large collapse following the recent worldwide recession. The European Union has expressed concerns for the impact that Greece’s economic collapse will negatively affect other member nations. Greece and the European Union are working to reduce the Greek deficit and to contain the economic crisis to Greece.
“Transplanting animal organs into humans is feasible.” USA Today. November 1999: 54-55. Gehlsen, Gale M., Ganion, Larry R. and Robert Helfst.
MSU, Jeremy. "Tiny 3D-Printed Liver Slices Pave Way for Growing Organs." LiveScience.com. Live Science, 06 Nov. 2013. Web. 22 Nov. 2013.
Since 2008 there has been an ongoing financial debt crisis that has affected the majority of the world states. However, the most disastrous economic decreases have been witnessed in the European continent. Therefore, this crisis is widely known as the European Sovereign Debt - Crisis. The aim of this document, however, is to analyze and discern possible policies focusing on providing a set of solutions that may help the Greek government in regards to their financial debt within the larger European crisis. As such the prime focus of the forthcoming analyses and policies will focus on the handling of the Greek government debt and recommended policies. Additionally, the paper will provide the summary of the economic crisis and the implications of the international community (mainly, the European Union and the International Monetary Fund).
The Singapore Airlines needs to thoroughly understand the plans being pursued by the British Airways, Cathay Pacific, and Virign Atlantic in improving the comfort and quality of service it provides to its customers. The Singapore Airlines needs to continue differentiate itself by examining the strengths/weaknesses, and key points of these and other competitive airlines.
A number of organs have the intrinsic ability to regenerate, a distinctive feature that varies among organisms. Organ regeneration is a process not fully yet understood however when its underlyning mechanism are unreveled, it holds tremendous therapeutic potential for humans. [28]
2. Planes: SIA have 22% 747-400 aircrafts of total production in the world. These planes are greater flying range, better fuel efficiency and quieter cabin than other airline. High unique and valuable that SIA has strong competitive power for attract consumers, and lower cost than other airline. Also if other airlines want to purchase more 747-400 that will use huge money, which is difficult.
In order to get a comprehensive analysis on SIA's financial statement analysis , we compared SIA's 5 financial year ending(FYE) results with the industry's average and 2 of its main competitors Cathay Pacific Airways and Qantas Airways . Cathay has been trailing closely to SIA in terms of first class cabin service and profitability for years. Qantas has long been dominating the highly profitable Kangaroo route and is ranked 5th in the world by Skytrax's survey . Please refer to appendix for the actual figures for every analysis below.