The three colonizing nations of England, France, and Spain undoubtedly affected the Native American people living in their respective areas of contact. These regions were respectfully the Northeastern coastline of the United States for England, trans-Mississippi and Midwest region of the United States and most of Canada for France, and the Southwest and portions of the Southeast region of the United States along with most of South America for Spain. The three colonizing nations affected the Indigenous people in these areas through new trade opportunities, diseases, ecological issues, and through their hunger for resources. However, The United Kingdom undeniably had the most devastating and destructive impact on Native American society and culture …show more content…
Accordingly, tribes such as the Iroquois, Sioux, and Navajo held that they were first created in their homeland, emerged out of the Black Hills in present-day South Dakota, or emerged from lower less desirable worlds in the location they currently inhabit. (Calloway, P 40-51) So one can sympathize with how they would be outright heartbroken and devastated to be forced off of the land of their ancestors where it was supposed they had occupied from time immemorial and would reside in evermore. Another factor to consider would be the traditional ceremonies, awards, medicines, and crop harvests that would be disrupted or unable to be performed if tribes were moved off of their ancestral homelands, and consequently had no access to traditionally utilized animal pelts, tools, or plants unique to their home. An excellent example of this would be the Lakota Sioux tribe of the Plains that relied upon the Buffalo for just about every facet of life. They depended on the Buffalo for food, shelter, clothing, tools, ceremonies including the infamous Sun Dance, medicinal uses, and last but certainly not least as a source of fuel and heat source to endure the excruciatingly cold winter months on the Plains. (History 2600, Packet Page 7) If the Lakota people could not obtain this invaluable resource because they had been forced to relocate to another area, they would understandably be unfamiliar with how to survive and thrive which could lead them to starve or die of exposure to the elements in the unfamiliar and unforgiving terrain they would undoubtedly be moved onto by the colonists. They would also face competition from already settled and established tribes in the area they were
The Europeans changed the land of the home of the Indians, which they renamed New England. In Changes in the Land, Cronon explains all the different aspects in how the Europeans changed the land. Changing by the culture and organization of the Indians lives, the land itself, including the region’s plants and animals. Cronon states, “The shift from Indian to European dominance in New England entailed important changes well known to historians in the ways these peoples organized their lives, but it also involved fundamental reorganizations less well known to historians in the region’s plant and animal communities,” (Cronon, xv). New England went through human development, environmental and ecological change from the Europeans.
In a lively account filled that is with personal accounts and the voices of people that were in the past left out of the historical armament, Ronald Takaki proffers us a new perspective of America’s envisioned past. Mr. Takaki confronts and disputes the Anglo-centric historical point of view. This dispute and confrontation is started in the within the seventeenth-century arrival of the colonists from England as witnessed by the Powhatan Indians of Virginia and the Wamapanoag Indians from the Massachusetts area. From there, Mr. Takaki turns our attention to several different cultures and how they had been affected by North America. The English colonists had brought the African people with force to the Atlantic coasts of America. The Irish women that sought to facilitate their need to work in factory settings and maids for our towns. The Chinese who migrated with ideas of a golden mountain and the Japanese who came and labored in the cane fields of Hawaii and on the farms of California. The Jewish people that fled from shtetls of Russia and created new urban communities here. The Latinos who crossed the border had come in search of the mythic and fabulous life El Norte.
In the 1830's the Plains Indians were sent to the Great American Deserts in the west because the white men did not think they deserved the land. Afterwards, they were able to live peacefully, and to follow their traditions and customs, but when the white men found out the land they were on were still good for agricultural, or even for railroad land they took it back. Thus, the white man movement westward quickly begun. This prospect to expand westward caused the government to become thoroughly involved in the lives of the Plains Indians. These intrusions by the white men had caused spoilage of the Plains Indians buffalo hunting styles, damaged their social and cultural lives, and hurt their overall lives. The lives of the Plains Indians in the second half of the nineteenth century were greatly affected by the technological development and government actions.
“The early bird gets the worm, but the second mouse gets the cheese.” Of the three major colonizers who vied for control of North America from the 15th to 17th centuries, it was the early-bird Spanish who got the worm, but after all was said and done, it was England who got the more desirable cheese. After 1763, the English had control of all land east of the Mississippi river and virtually all of present-day Canada. The English were able to gain the upper hand in the conflict for control of North America not only because of military victories, but also because of good timing.
Since the first exploration from foreign settlers between the 1450-1500s America, or in that time period would be referenced as the new found land, has always provided a wealth of resources, materials, and territory – all essential components for survival. Eventually, America had developed into a land with the sole purpose of producing raw materials, for both the French and British. The French colonists and merchants valued the abundant amount of animals roaming through the territory, using their furs and pelts for trade, and sending them back to France to help generate money for the empire. England possessed the same mindset, placing heavy regard for America. Not only did the
The European influences to the Native Americans were Europeans carried the new diseases to the Indians. “Europeans were used to these diseases, but Indian people had no resistance to them. Sometimes the illnesses spread through direct contact with colonists. Other times, they were transmitted as Indians traded with one another. The result of this contact with European germs was horrible. Sometimes whole villages perished in a short time” (Kincheloe). Slave trade was another influence to American Indians. Europeans soon realized that they could provide commercial goods such as tools and weapons to some American Indian tribes that would bring them other Indians captured in tribal wars, and these captured Indians were bought and sold as slaves. Therefore, “slavery led to warfare among tribes and too much hardship. Many tribes had to move to escape the slave trade, which destroyed some tribes completely. In time, the practice of enslaving Native peoples ended. However, it had greatly affected American Indians of the South and the Southwest” (Kinchloe). Lastly, Europeans change Native America and African’ roots. Native Americans
Colonial America began in the early 1600’s when the European nations directed their focus toward the “New World,” a place of opportunity. According to Eric Foner’s Give Me Liberty, England’s motives for colonization were built upon national glory, profit, and religious mission (41). The purpose of the colonies in the New World was to import manufactured goods, produce marketable resources, and serve the interest of the mother country, England (Foner 74). Because economic circumstances in England were not great, England had a large proportion of men, women, and children willing to migrate to the New World and settle into the colonies. Nevertheless, after the British colonies were established, they were separated into three regions: the New England, Middle, and Chesapeake colonies. Each of these regions faced a series of challenges with economic, political, and cultural development.
What major problems did the young republic face after its victory over Great Britain? How did these problems motivate members of the elite to call for a federal constitution?
British and Spanish colonization in North America has had a profound impact on the culture, history, and demographics of Canada, the United States, and Mexico. British colonialism created a scope for trading, fishing, lumber, and other exports to the Old World and also held a religious influence on the Eastern seaboard, while Spain laid the foundation for the modern day banking system and led to the evangelization of traditional native ceremonies. Both British and Spanish colonialism practically decimated the Native American population, an effect seen to this day.
The relationship between Native American and European nations differed between each nation. Each nation had their tactics, strategies and procedures. It is important to separate each nation with the relationship they had with Native America because this way it is clear to see the differences between each of them. Each nation was important in Native America and for different reasons this means that it clarifies what they specifically did. The nations discussed will be; Spain, England and France. Some comparisons can be made via the nations to show the differences between them. One difference, for example, is how the Spanish made an extensive
The Effects of Colonization on the Native Americans Native Americans had inherited the land now called America and eventually their lives were destroyed due to European colonization. When the Europeans arrived and settled, they changed the Native American way of life for the worse. These changes were caused by a number of factors including disease, loss of land, attempts to export religion, and laws, which violated Native American culture. Native Americans never came in contact with diseases that developed in the Old World because they were separated from Asia, Africa, and Europe when ocean levels rose following the end of the last Ice Age. Diseases like smallpox, measles, pneumonia, influenza, and malaria were unknown to the Native Americans until the Europeans brought these diseases over time to them.
During the European expedition in America, they founded colonies in North America that attracted thousands of settlers. The Europeans tried to get rid of the Native Americans in order to get what they wanted, which was economic wealth, landowning, slave trade, property ownership, and tobacco. M. Zylstra writes about “Colonization of History”, hybridization of history, and what the colonization of the natives by the Europeans lead to. Zylstra states.
During the late 16th century and into the 17th century, European nations rapidly colonized the newly discovered Americas. England in particular sent out numerous groups to the eastern coast of North America to two regions. These two regions were known as the Chesapeake and the New England areas. Later, in the late 1700's, these two areas would bond to become one nation. Yet from the very beginnings, both had very separate and unique identities. These differences, though very numerous, spurred from one major factor: the very reason the settlers came to the New World. This affected the colonies in literally every way, including economically, socially, and politically.
The history of the conquest and colonization of the Americas is very complex. The social, economic, and political issues and circumstances that took place many years ago are the foundation of who America is today. Most Americans do not realize how many people were affected by immigration, or understand the real struggles and sacrifices that the indigenous people and the colonists made for the freedoms we have today. During these historical events, many cultural, social, and economical events were impacted.
The Treaty of Paris in 1783 recognized the Thirteen Colonies as the United States of America. Although, the American Revolution was over by 1783 in the “Indian Country” it open a new conflict of indigenous independence against the Americans. Consequently in the Treaty of Paris the United States would acquire massive expansion of land in which the British gave up generously without consulting f the nations from east of the Mississippi river, reaching south to Florida and from the northern border of the Great Lakes region. This particular chapter shows how there is no room for indigenous people in the “new America” (Calloway,