Howard Gardner and Multiple Intelligences Kelsey K. Akita Dixie State University Introduction to Early Childhood Education Howard Gardner and Multiple Intelligences Howard Gardner, a professor of human development at the Harvard Graduate School of Education described human cognitive competence as sets of abilities, talents, or mental skills, also called intelligences. He believed that all individuals possess each of these skills to some extent. However, every individual differs in the degree of skill and the nature of their combination (73-74). Howard Gardner is best known for his theory of Multiple Intelligences which proposed that there are several different kinds of intelligences rather than just one. He emphasized that …show more content…
There are eight basic different intelligences: musical, body-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, linguistic, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist. According to Gardner’s theory of Multiple Intelligences, people have many different ways of learning. Unlike traditional theories of intelligence that focus on one, single general intelligence, Gardner believed that people have multiple ways of thinking …show more content…
Musical intelligence is the capacity to think in music, to be able to hear patterns, recognize, and then remember them. Certain parts of the brain help in the perception and production of music. Body-kinesthetic intelligence is the capacity to use parts or all of your body to solve a problem or make something. As bodily movements become specialized over time, it is an obvious advantage, as seen in sports, dance, or acting. Logical-mathematical intelligence is the capacity to think in a logical, often linear pattern and to understand principles of a system. Scientists and mathematicians often think this way, and standardized tests often assess this. Linguistics intelligence is the capacity to use language to express your thoughts, ideas, feelings, and the ability to understand other people and their words. The gift of language is universal, as evidenced by poets and writers as well as speakers and lawyers. Spatial intelligence is the capacity to represent the world internally in spatial terms. Spatial problem-solving is required for navigation, in the use of maps, and when relying on drawings to build something. Playing games such as chess and all the visual arts – painting, sculpting, drawing – use spatial intelligence, and sciences such as anatomy, architecture, and engineering emphasize this intelligence. Interpersonal intelligence is the capacity to understand other people. Master players in a nursery school notice
14. Multiple Intelligences - Multiple intelligences are Howard Gardner's theory that people are possessed of eight semi-independent kinds of intelligence, only three of which are measured by standard IQ tests.
Everyone goes through different experiences in life, just as everyone has different types of intelligences and skills. In total there are nine types of intelligences but there is only 2 listed using 3 paragraphs. These examples come from “Flowers for Algernon” or “Dakota Fullest Earns Nation’s Highest Folk Honor”. Some ways in which people demonstrate their knowledge and skill is through Howard Gardner’s Logical/ Mathematical , Bodily/ Kinesthetic , and Intrapersonal intelligences.
Howard Gardner was born on July 11, 1943 in Scranton, Pennsylvania and is still alive to this date. He completed his post-secondary education at Harvard, earning his undergraduate degree in 1965 and his Ph. D. in 1971. Gardner is a developmental psychologist who was inspired by the works of Jean Piaget. He is best known for his theory of multiple intelligences. Gardner believed the concept of intelligence was to narrows and didn’t encompass all types of intelligences. He worked with normal and gifted children and brain-damaged adults. He then began to create a theory designed to synthesize his observations. In 1983, he published Frames of Mind, which outlined the theory he is best known for, the Theory of Multiple Intelligences.
Howard Gardner’s theory contains eight main multiple intelligence. As the years have progressed there have taken one out and is left with the main seven. These seven are: Linguistic, Mathematical, Spatial, bodily, Musical, Interpersonal, and Intrapersonal. These are found in everyone; however, each person will excel in one or two. Once teachers can determine what intelligence the students will exceed on and teach to their strengths the student will learn much more.
Since intelligence is usually judged in IQ tests or just tests in school, many individuals are claimed to have average or little intelligence. They struggle in school, trying to learn math, English, reading; but they may excel in other places like sports, music, or relationships. This is where Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences comes into play. He proposed that there are eight forms of intelligence, possibly more. The two that are seen in school often are Logical-Mathematical and Linguistic-Verbal. The people who excel at these are seen as geniuses and are thought to do very well in life. The others that don’t do well in those two may be better at one of the other six.
Charles Spearman's model of intelligence and Howard Gardner's multiple intelligence theory are two of the most widely used theories of intelligence. In order to understand how similar the two theories are we must first understand their differences. These two men differed in opinion on how IQ and intelligence should be measured, and they differed in opinion on what made a person "smart". In order to examine these things they first had to understand the human brain and how it works. They had to examine the human study habits and rituals, along with the human test taking habits.
“Tell me and I forget. Teach me and I remember. Involve me and I learn.” (Benjamin Franklin). These words describe the idea behind a student trying to effectively learn from his or her professor. In 1983, Howard Gardener, an American developmental psychologist, introduced the idea of multiple intelligence. According to Gardener, what was believed before to be “soft skills” were in fact different ways to express our intelligence. People can have one or more types of intelligence all together. I, Rodrigo, an Engineering student, possess both logical-mathematical, intra-personal, and spatial intelligence. I am very good with numbers, and I am often called “smart” or “intelligent” by my
Gardner came up with the development of multiple intelligence demonstrating that intelligence of humans is not an accurate account of an individual’s abilities. Howard Gardner’s theory shows how the conventional aspects of intelligence are vague. He discovered eight ideas of intelligence, which were body-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, musical, interpersonal, visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, intra personal and natural intelligences. There is potential a ninth intelligence added known as existentialist. Howard Gardner did not feel that individuals do not have intellectual capabilities or one certain strong area; however he or she does have other intelligence, which could make them stronger in more than one area at one time. The eight intelligences represents different categories that elaborates different parts of a person’s life, showing what areas a person is strong in and how to apply his or her intelligen...
Howard Gardner is the “John H. and Elisabeth A. Hobbs Professor of Cognition and Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education and Adjunct Professor of Neurology at the Boston University School of Medicine, and Senior Director of Harvard Project Zero” (Gardner bio, Multiple Intelligences and Education, MI Theory, and Project Zero). As director of Project Zero, it provided and environment that Gardner could begin the exploration of human cognition (Multiple Intelligences and Education). Project Zero colleagues have been designing assessment and the use of multiple intelligences (MI) to realize more personalized curriculum, instruction, and teaching methods; and the quality of crossing traditional boundaries between academic disciplines or schools of thought in education (Gardner bio). MI theories offer tools to educators that will allow more people to master learning in an effective way and to help people “achieve their potential at the workplace, in occupations, and in the service of the wider world” (Gardner papers).
Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligence focuses more on how numerical expressions of human intelligence are not a full and accurate depiction of people’s abilities (McFarlane, 2011). He includes and describes eight intelligences that are based on skills and abilities that are valued within different cultures. The eight intelligences include visual-spatial (e.g. sailor navigating with no navigational systems), verbal-linguistic (e.g. poets, writers, orators, and communicators), bodily-kinesthetic (e.g. dancers, athletes, surgeons, craftspeople), logical-mathematical (e.g. mathematicians and logicians), interpersonal(e.g. salespeople, teachers, clinicians, politicians, and religious leaders), musical (e.g. musicians and
Gardner believes that all people excel in at least one category of intelligence. However, he cautions teachers using the multiple intelligence approach in the classroom: “Do not label kids as ‘spatial, but not linguistic’ or, for that...
Smith, M. K., (2002). Howard Gardner, multiple intelligences and education. Retrieved February 10, 2005, from http://www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm.
In this paper, I will give a brief overview of Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences (MI). I will also discuss the merits and critiques of the theory in the field of cognitive development. I will also discuss the applicability of Gardner’s theory to my personal development. The final section will cover the application of the theory in a counselling framework. This will be supported by discussing theoretical orientations that would best adopt application of Gardner’s theory.
In 1983, Howard Gardner a Harvard professor proposed the theory that individual can have multiple ways of learning and processing information. The multiple intelligences consist of 9 different ways and these include: verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, visual-spatial, existential, musical, naturalistic, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Every individual has a different amount of each intelligence but each intelligence is at a varying level. With the help of a multiple intelligences assessment, I found that my top three multiple intelligences are Intrapersonal, logical, and interpersonal. Within his research Gardner says that “Intrapersonal intelligence refers to people’s ability to recognize and assess those same characteristics
Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard, introduced his theory of multiple intelligences in 1983. Multiple intelligence’s is a theory about the brain that says human beings are born with single intelligence that cannot be changed, and is measurable by a psychologist. Gardner believes that there are eight different intelligences in humans. The eight are verbal linguistic, visual spatial, bodily kinesthetic, mathematical logic, musical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and naturalist. Understanding these intelligence’s will help us to design our classroom and curriculum in a way that will appeal to all of our students. We might also be able to curve discipline problems by reaching a student in a different way. One that will make more sense to them and more enjoyable. We can include all of the intelligences in lessons to accommodate all of the students’ different learning styles at once. By reaching each students intelligence we can assume that a student will perform better which, could mean students retaining more important information. A students learning style can also help lead them into a more appropriate career direction. As a teacher you can also learn your own personal learning style or intelligence to help improve the way you learn and teach.