Theories of human development deliver a framework to deliberate human growth, development, and learning. Understanding the theories can deliver useful contents into individuals and society a set of principles and concepts that describe life span development. Development perspectives are the psychoanalytic theory, behavior theory, humanistic approach and cognitive theory. Each theory focuses on different aspects of human development. The psychoanalytic is “the approach stating that behavior is motivated by inner forces, memories, and conflicts that are usually unconsciousness” ().Following, the behavior perspective emphasizing on the observable behaviors and “outside stimuli from the environment”. () This approach believed that the “full understanding …show more content…
Lastly the contextual perspective takes a broad approach to development. This theory considers “the relationship between the individual and their physical, cognitive, personality, and social worlds that shape the individual”. () These approaches to development introduces the unique at to every part of what makes us human beings. The knowledge each theorist provides his approach to is like the puzzle to life span. “Each prospective emphasized different aspects of development. Individual theories in the lifespan is “based on its premises and focuses on different aspects, therefore not only in theory is “right” or “wrong” but considering the eclectic approach to understand development in all areas of the life span. In my view of why there are many approaches to human development is the reason that different aspects in life shape our development. The biological and environmental factors influence humans to have different personalities. The nature –nurture debate in lifespan development have several different points of views. The nature –nurture controversy questions whether genetics or environmental factors are causing effects in development . The nature “ referse to traits, abilities, and capacities that are inherited from ones parents” …show more content…
The controversy is complex, as we continue with many factors like environmental aspects of culture, parenting, and food religion. Such things can play a big role into an individual’s development. Such as the ways parents discipline their children can reflect on the environmental factors to the behavior. There are more effects from external as social status economic circumstances. Theories have different views on nature and nurture. “The nature-nurture debate is concerned with the relative contribution that both influences makes to human behavior. “ (). The psychoanalyst approach to nature, which inners drive of sex an aggression. Social bringing during childhood (nature). While the cognitive approach emphasizes on mental structures such as schemas, perception and memory, constantly being changes by environment. Humanism theory leans on the nurture side, as Maslow emphasizes the basic physical needs. The humanism approach “explained how society influenced a person’s self-concept” Lastly, behaviorism theory believed behavior is learn from the environmental through conditioning. Practically in today’s views, debate for nature and nurture are taken out from a dilemma to consider t to be influences by both concepts, nature and nurture. Neither positions are more influence than the
A child is born in to a fast paced world. The child is influenced in every way, in every place, by every person they come in contact with. From the ages 1-5 the child is like a sponge, taking in all their brain can hold. Forming what will become, who they are as an adult. A main factor in this process is nature and nurture. Nature referring to the genes he/she inherited from the parents, shapes what the child will look like, if they will have diseases, if the child will be a boy or a girl, and much more. Nurture referring to the social, economic, surroundings, and culture. This shapes the child in personality, beliefs, and actions. Nature and Nurture are very important to the development of a child. If the child was to lack one or even part of one, he/she would be deprived of developing normally.
In the past century, numerous developmental psychologists have attempted to explain the development of a child. According to different developmental theorists, children centre their development on separate aspects of development; cognitive, physical, social and behavioural. Biology over time has sculpted our behaviour as human beings yet we are also a product of experience. Developmental psychology studies the various skills and knowledge we have including how we acquire them and it is so important that we have an understanding of it so that parents/caregivers know what to expect and how to support their developing child.
Theories abound around how people develop emotionally, intellectually, socially and spiritually. This essay will examine the theories of five leaders on the subject of development.
The human development consists stages of transformations in an individual throughout their lifespan, the distinct physical difference in growth of physical body reaching to up to the prime phase of physical development and afterward disintegrating gradually till death, and the advancement of cognitive ability during several distinctive physical stages. Furthermore, the human development incorporates a change in various aspects of life in physical, emotional, cognitive, spiritual, etc. The human development is an ongoing subject of study; several theories have been proposed in the past, many systematic and scientific research has been taking place lately to understand the changes in human life from conception to death correctly.
This approach has become the stimulus for a number of similar theories which share the same assumptions on psychological development, yet differ in detail. (Gross, R, 2007) Erik Erikson, a neo-freudian himself accepted Freud’s theory but whereas the psychodynamic approach focuses on five main stages of development until adulthood, Erikson theorised that development is lifelong and continues throughout life until death. (Psychology for A Level 2000)
When studying human development, it is helpful to understand the main developmental domains (i.e physical, cognitive, emotional and moral) and the ways in which people develop within each domain at certain age stages. Use of psychological theories is also helpful to understand the reasons for this development and the ways in which it manifests at different age stages. The objective of this essay is to analyse the influences on development from conception to late adolescence. It will describe theories of lifespan development with information regarding my own development used to support these theories. It will be concluded that theories of lifespan development can be used to explain life experiences in the different developmental domains at different
Firstly, the Developmental Perspective can be defined as the way human behavior unfolds over a life (Hutchison,
Researchers have been in dispute for many centuries about whether nature or nurture has a stronger influence on early human development. Nature is inherent traits from birth and Nurture is one's environment (physical, cultural, social, and familial) plays in one's physical and psychological identity. This essay will examine the degree to which nurture or nature influence early human development.
In psychology field, there is a long-lasting discussion about whether one’s behaviors are determined by the environment or natural instinct. The terms of “nature” and “nurture” have been used since at least 16th century. The definitions of nature and nurture are various among different schools and change along with time. No matter which dimensions of meanings are taken for research, childhood is definitely one of the most crucial life period for this topic because the effects of both nature and nurture are reflected most apparently in childhood. Children are growing both mentally and physically. Therefore, they are easily affected by the environment and unlikely to cover up
Lifespan development is essential, as it is the changes that happen to us throughout a person’s lifespan. Our development occurs at ages stages where we develop from infancy till death. This essay will contain my life story to display the domains in 5 age stages in my lifespan development. The domains I will be exploring is in this essay is physical, emotional, cognitive, social, cultural and moral domain. The influence of biological and environmental play a significant role in my development. Development is influenced by nature or nurture and its affect will occur throughout lifespan. The changes that occur during development have stage. Each theorists has stages of development where they display the changes. This essay will explore my development that will support theorist such as Erikson, Vygotsky, Berk, Piaget and other theorist. The age stages of prenatal will display physical and emotional domain, Infancy (0-2) will portray social and emotional domain, young children (2-6) will show cognitive and social domain, middle childhood (6-12) will display socio-cultural and moral domain and adolescence will portray nature vs. nurture and cultural domain. Development is crucial for a healthy wellbeing. As a physiotherapist it is significant to understand development in age stages, as it will aid knowing how young children will react compared to an adolescence who is more development mentally, emotionally, physically, socially and culturally.
Psychosocial development throughout the Life Cycle theory (sometimes known as individual development theory) proposes that each individual has the ability to master their environment at all stages of life (Coady & Lehman, 2008; Hutchison, 2008). The theory had its beginnings in Freud’s psychosexual stages of child development; however Erikson is responsible for laying the groundwork for the theory as it is known today, by proposing an epigenetic model of human development (Hutchison, 2008).
For my reflection paper I chose to write about chapter 9 that talks about lifespan development. This chapter grabbed my attention and I found it most interesting. In the textbookit discusses how there are certain factors that uncontrollably make us who we are. Those factorsare "unique combination of genes you inherited from your biological mother and father. Another is the historical era during which you grew up. Your individual development has also been shaped by the cultural, social, and family contexts within which you were raised." (Pg.352) The patterns of our lives are because of developmental psychology. "Developmental psychology is a scientific approach which aims to explain growth, change and consistency though the lifespan. Developmental
There are many types of development theories, Psychoanalytic theories, Cognitive theories, Behavioral and social cognitive theories, ethological theories and ecological theories. Development is how a person changes throughout their life, from the time they are conceived to the time they die. Everyone processes and interprets things and information differently. After researching these various developmental theories ecological theories best describe development. Urie Bronfenbrenner is the researcher that created the ecological theory. Psychoanalytic theories least describe development. Both Ecological and Psychoanalytic theories have certain aspects that I personally believe to make a valid point and certain aspects that do not make a valid point when it comes to development. Eclectic theoretical orientation takes pieces of each theory that makes the most sense when it comes to lifespan development and follows that system. Ecological theories are everyone and everything having an impact on a child’s development, even if those people and events have no direct contact with the child.
There are many theories associated with developmental psychology, which studies the scientific process and cause of human development over the course of our lives. Developmental psychologists study a wide range of theoretical areas, such as biological, social, emotional, and cognitive processes (McLeod, S. A., 2012). Two theories of developmental psychology that I will be discussing will be the theory of moral development by Lawrence Kohlberg, and Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
In this research paper is explaining what developmental psychology is, how is applicable and understand how is applies in the life. For this reason, the benefits of developmental psychology obtain the knowledge in human development. In addition, human development acquires several changes and process in our bodies that will be known even through the years. Also, a developer persists that apart the life and how humans may become indifference aspects as of human evolutionary development. Then, a human development produces the different stages of having various changes depend on a character. In addition, a person has different influences make anyone shaped combinations of her/his life by culture and society. On the other hand, the development is