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Psychodynamic theory of dreaming
Psychodynamic theory of dreaming
Science behind dreams report
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Dreams are mysterious things that happen to everyone. Dreams have been around for centuries and many theorists have tried to figure out exactly what dreams mean. From ancient times to now people still wonder what goes on inside their mind that makes them produce these amazing things called dreams. Dreams have been interpreted into various meanings throughout the years and almost everyone has a different outlook on what they mean and on why people dream. Different kinds of sleep have effects on certain types of dreams. There are many different experiments people can do to find out why they dream and what they dream about. Most of these experiments are fairly easy to do and do not cost much.
Dreams take place while people are sleeping, but most people do not realize that it is slightly more complicated than that. In 1952 a psychologist named Eugene Aserinsky figured out that there are two different types of sleep called REM and NREM sleep. REM stands for rapid eye movement, while NREM stands for non-rapid eye movement. Most dreams happen during REM sleep. Margaret Hyde even states that, “You can observe REM if you watch the eyelids of a sleeping person carefully, for the motion can be seen when the eyes are closed” (Hyde 9). People react differently when being awakened during REM sleep than they do during NREM sleep. Many experiments have been conducted by waking people up in both types of sleep. When people were awakened during REM sleep they remembered many vivid dreams with a great
amount of detail. When they were awakened in NREM sleep they could not remember much of their dreams a...
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...e likely to respond to hearing their name while they are awake. They are seen as the alpha in certain types of brain activity. Even though, most of these “non-dreamers” that swear they have never dreamed before, most likely just do not remember any of their dreams.
Overall, there are various interpretations of dreams and no one, yet, has figured out the exact meaning of them. From ancient times to now, psychologists have been conducting many studies and experiments on the way minds work and why people produce dreams. From analyzing types of sleep to looking back at ancient times, many theories have been brought up. Some of these famous theories are accepted, but a lot of people have their own interpretation on what the meanings of dreams are. Dreams might have lost some value throughout the years, but that does not mean researches will stop making new theories.
Webb, W. B., & Cartwright, R. D. (1978). Sleep and Dreams. Annual Review of Psychology, 29(1), 223-252. doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.29.020178.001255
The history of dreaming began in the early centuries. “Dreams were often considered prophetic” (Comptons by Britannica). That means that dreams were seen as a message from the gods. Thousands of years ago, “Greek sick people slept in temples in order to receive dreams that would heal them” (Kantrowitz, Babara; Springen Karen). Current dream science started at the end of the 19th century. Dreams were seen as a kind of “desires” (Kantrowitz; Springen) stemming from childhood. Scientists still don’t know for sure why we are dreaming and what are dreams made of; howe...
It is very important that people dream if they want to remain in good health. Sleepers can cycle through five stages of sleep continuously throughout the night, one of the most important being Rapid Eye Movement (REM). REM sleep can last for up to five minutes at a time, and is entered multiple times throughout sleep. On the other hand, the brain stem, which controls a person’s emotions, memory, and desires, is very active during sleep. However, the “reasoning brain” is shut down. A person’s brain also cuts off all signals from the senses and blocks messages sent to the muscles, which prevents someone from acting out his or her dreams (Andre-Clark). Dreams occur during the REM phase, the most restful time of sleep. For this reason, scientists have concluded that dreaming is beneficial to an individual’s health. Robert J. Hoss, author of Dream Language, states, “dreaming is...
There is a research evidence to support the activation synthesis theory. Research was taken on cats where there is apparently random firing of cells in cat's brains during REM sleep. This then therefore produces activation in parts of the brain that are used as visual perception and the control of the motor movements and may be synthesised into a dream. Hobson also showed evidence of how internally generated signals can be misinterpreted as external signals. He said that the cortical levels of the neurotransmitters are lower during REM sleep than during NREM sleep and when we are awake.
Everyone dreams, this is a common phenomenon that all humans share; but why people dream, and what people dream about, can be different for each person. The big question is what does a dream mean, and why did I dream it. There are so many different theories of what makes a person dream; some say to organize the brain, to sort of clean it up and out, it may be due to strong emotions or trauma, or dreams can help figure out and solve problems you may be having.
Dreams are series of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring in a person’s mind during sleep. Dreams occur during a certain stage of sleep known as REM. Several different psychologists, including Freud and Hobson, have studied dreams. Psychologists have provided many theories as to what dreams are and the meanings behind them.
...esults. One interesting thing found, is that although it is though that dreams happen in a blink of an eye that they actually happen in a realistic time span (General Information). Another is that dreams generally take place in familiar settings and are random leftover thoughts from the previous day. What’s interesting though, is that during studies in which participants were woken on a regular basis, scientists found that the dreams remembered the following morning were “more coherent, sexier, and generally more interesting” than the dream descriptions that were collected in data for research. Most participants remembered very little of their dreams and only about the last fifteen minutes of dreaming before awoken.
According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, dream is defined by a series of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring involuntarily in a person’s mind during certain stages of sleep. Dreams have fascinated humans since the beginning of time. The recorded history of dream interpretation dates back to 3000-4000 B.C. with the Sumerians in Mesopotamia. They documented their dreams on clay tablets. People back then saw the dream world as an extension of reality, but that it was a more powerful realm. Furthermore, they believed that when they dream, their souls would leave their body during sleep and travel to the dream world.
What is a dream? Why do we have dreams? Do dreams have deeper meaning in our lives? The answers to these questions have eluded and intrigued many psychologists throughout history and have sparked my interest as well. As an avid and vivid dreamer I have often found myself wondering what the true meanings to my dreams were. So what are dreams? “Strictly speaking, dreams are images and imagery, thoughts, sounds and voices, and subjective sensations experienced when we sleep.”1 Even after thousands of years of research, psychologists have still not come to an agreed answer on why we dream. There are as many opinions out there as there are individual dreams. Some psychologists believe dreaming is simply the minds way of distracting itself from outside information during sleep to allow people to get deep rest. Others such as Dr. Eric Hartman suggest dreams serve almost as a psychotherapy in which the brain can make connections between different emotions and thoughts in a safe protected environment. Do dreams have any direct correlation to everyday events and experiences? Are they meant to aid individuals in understanding and interpreting their world around them?
One might have thought that, more than forty years after the discovery of REM sleep and its relationship to dreaming, we would already have an adequate description of the dream experience.
Despite the large amount of time we spend asleep, surprisingly little is actually known about sleeping and dreaming. Much has been imagined, however. Over history, sleep has been conceived as the space of the soul, as a state of absence akin to death, as a virtual or alternate reality, and more recently, as a form of (sub)consciousness in which memories are built and erased. The significance attributed to dreams has varied widely as well. The Ancient Greeks had surprise dream encounters with their gods. Native Americans turned to their dreams for guidance in life. Shamans dreamed in order to gather information from the spirits.
...of dream and how dream derived is undisputed but I do not believe dreams are fundamental of unfulfilled desires. Like natural phenomenon in the world, such as earthquakes, storms, thunder, etcetera, dreams are natural occurrence in humankind and dreams is just the way in which our mind process all the event of our lifetime and day to day activities that we engaged ourselves in. The mind tries to resolve or give solution to issues that were not solved though out the day or years as well as filling away important data. Due to this, there are so much unprocessed materials in the brain hence dreams becomes senseless when an individual awakens because there is too many materials to be process, flush out, or saved. Therefore, dreams become jumbled and many dreams condense into one.
We spend one third of our lives sleeping and 15-20% of that time is spent dreaming. (1) Dreams are a sequence of images that appear involuntary to the mind of somebody who is sleeping, often a mixture of real and imaginary characters, places, and events, according to the Encarta dictionary. There are many types of dreams. Lucid dreams can be the most fascinating if one can master them. In lucid dreams you realize that you are dreaming and instead of automatically waking up you stay asleep and control every aspect of your dream. Your thoughts can effortlessly paint any dreamscape and you have full mental faculties as you would if you were awake.(4) Your imagination is the limit! Another more mysterious type of dream is precognitive dreams. This is where time and space no longer seem to fit any rational logical meaning. Precognition is an ability to know and experience a future event before it ever occurs (4) Many experience this type of dream and slowly forget it over time, until it happens in real life. When it occurs in real life you automatically feel a sense of déjà vu and you notice something familiar about the s...
Dreaming is very different than everyday life, yet somehow still relates to it in some way. In everyday life we have stress and happiness along with many other emotions. Yet in someway when we drift off into a deep sleep this emotions come right back. Dalai Lama once said that “sleep is the best meditation.” Sleep may be the one thing that people turn to, a place where your mind is totally set free to do what it wants and think what it wants. An idea or vision that is created in your imagination that when suddenly when you awake, feels so real.Dream reflect reality because most peoples dreams are in fact related to past, and recent experiences, or events that have happened in a person’s life. Dreams are more than just a method of entertainment, They should be taken more seriously because of the fact that with dreams imitating own reality, you can then learn more about yourself.
Sigmund Freud once suggested that dreams are the emotions that have been repressed and the desires, wishes and thoughts the sleeping mind wants released. His suggestion is just one of many theories about why people dream. Although other concepts have been proposed, dreams are seen as vehicles of which the human mind uses to find relief and rejuvenation in during the rapid-eye-movement stage of sleep.