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factors affecting SME GROWTH
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CHAPTER 3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 3.1 Introduction This chapter will show the method which is used to do this research. Factors that affect the sustainability of the SMEs in Perlis will be investigated in this research. 3.2 Theoretical Framework Independent variables Dependent Variables H1 : Leadership will give effect on the SMEs sustainability. H2 : Network will give effect on the SMEs sustainability. H3 : Employees management will give effect on the SMEs sustainability. H4 : Customer orientation will give effect on the SMEs sustainability. H5 : Marketing strategy will give effect on the SMEs sustainability. 3.3 Research Methodology Quantitative …show more content…
The questionnaire will be collected after the SMEs employers or employees have done the …show more content…
There are the factors that affect the sustainability of SMEs in Perlis which are leadership, network, employee management, customer orientation, Market strategy. There are five questions will be asked in each of the independent variable. Section C is about the dependent variable. This section will show that the respondents agree or not with the independent variables that stated above will affect the sustainability of SMEs. In section B and C, the respondent needed to the appropriate number which is provided. There are number one until five. Number one (strongly disagree), number two (fairly disagree), number three (neutral), number four (fairly agree) and number five (strongly agree). This method will be easy and efficient for the respondents to answer the questionnaire. The questionnaire absolutely will bring reliability and validity of the data. “The point to which the act of making a judgment about something design create stable and consistent outcome is called reliability. The validity is the accuracy of good performance of the scale sample ” (Phelan and Wren,
The quantitative method of research in a study involves the use of queries, and the possibilities for reply have been prearranged (book). This method of research has the need for the use of a huge pool of respondents. The scope in this method of research has a necessity to be hypothetically impartial, in facts and be effective numerically. A random selection method, referred to as sampling, is used due to the huge amount of participants needed. Prior to the beginning of the study, a numerical method is used to govern the number of participants to allow the finding to be withi...
Also, the title of the article states the research is a “population study” which is a focus of a quantitative research and a component of a quantitative method. Furthermore, the authors specified a clear defined research purpose which often requires statistical methods to test the hypotheses as well as to look for the cause and effects of the variables so that predictions can be
This is very important and third step of research approach. There are three research methods quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods. The qualitative approach is focused on statistical data generated from observations and measurements. The second research method is the qualitative approach in which researcher use knowledge based claims to collect data from inquiries. The last one is mixed method approach in which researcher uses both qualitative and quantitative approach to generate research
The goal of quantitative research is to find relationships among variables which can be dependent or independent variables. Delıce (2010) categorizes the main efforts quantitative research to find reliability with generalizability to search and find these relationships among the independent or dependent variables depending on the type of multivariate statistics being performed. The goal is not force these variables into a relationship, but to openly receive the results and present representative statistics in select...
The father of quantitative analysis, Rene Descartes, thought that in order to know and understand something, you have to measure it (Kover, 2008). Quantitative research has two main types of sampling used, probabilistic and purposive. Probabilistic sampling is when there is equal chance of anyone within the studied population to be included. Purposive sampling is used when some benchmarks are used to replace the discrepancy among errors. The primary collection of data is from tests or standardized questionnaires, structured interviews, and closed-ended observational protocols. The secondary means for data collection includes official documents. In this study, the data is analyzed to test one or more expressed hypotheses. Descriptive and inferential analyses are the two types of data analysis used and advance from descriptive to inferential. The next step in the process is data interpretation, and the goal is to give meaning to the results in regards to the hypothesis the theory was derived from. Data interpretation techniques used are generalization, theory-driven, and interpretation of theory (Gelo, Braakmann, Benetka, 2008). The discussion should bring together findings and put them into context of the framework, guiding the study (Black, Gray, Airasain, Hector, Hopkins, Nenty, Ouyang, n.d.). The discussion should include an interpretation of the results; descriptions of themes, trends, and relationships; meanings of the results, and the limitations of the study. In the conclusion, one wants to end the study by providing a synopsis and final comments. It should include a summary of findings, recommendations, and future research (Black, Gray, Airasain, Hector, Hopkins, Nenty, Ouyang, n.d.). Deductive reasoning is used in studies...
Qualitative and quantitative methods allow researchers to investigate, explore and inquire the nature of the phenomenon being studied. It is important that the researcher develops a clear understanding of the problem and design a plan to investigate it (Cresswell, 1998, para. 1). There are a variety of research methods; nevertheless, it is important to consider which research method is appropriate for the study. Qualitative research focuses on human experiences while quantitative research relies on numbers, measurements, and testing. Nevertheless, qualitative and quantitative methods use similar approaches to conduct research and collect data. For example, observations and interviews are approaches used in both research designs; however, the approaches are used and viewed otherwise. This will be discussed later in the paper.
A quantitative research method is different from the qualitative approach. And it is best used to conduct community science observations on big groups. However, quantitative approach is conducted by means of a non-natural setting and an extensive research of statistical records. This method uses observations that will have a quantity value and comparison. Quantitative research is conducted by using questionnaires filled with questions that relate to mathematical expressions. Research field work begins with a simple questionnaire which will include questions related to mathematical computations, such as, number of hours or days it takes to complete a task. A good example given by Bates & Cozby (2012), “You might take the quantitative approach by developing a questionnaire that you would ask a sample to teenagers to complete. You would ask about the number of hours they work, the type of work they do, their levels of stress…” (Bates & Cozby, 2012, p. 114). This approach gathers data from historical information and databases, but never conducts analysis of the panorama in a natural
The development of knowledge requires a number of processes in order to establish credible data to ensure the validity and appropriateness of how it can be used in the future. For the healthcare industry, this has provided the ability to create and form new types of interventions in order to give adequate care across a of number of fields within the system. Research then, has been an essential part in providing definitive data, either by disproving previous beliefs or confirming newly found data and methods. Moreover, research in itself contains its own process with a methodological approach. Of the notable methods, quantitative research is often used for its systemic approach (Polit & Beck, 2006). Thus, the use of the scientific method is used, which also utilizes the use of numerical data (Polit & Beck). Here, researches make use of creating surveys, scales, or placing a numerical value on it subjects (Polit & Beck). In the end the resulting data is neutral and statistical. However, like all things its approach is not perfect, yet, it has the ability to yield valuable data.
According to Burns and Bush (2006), “quantitative research is defined as research involving the use of structured questions in which the response options have been predetermined and a large number of respondents is involved” (p. 202). Quantitative research often uses numerical values; however, the data is always very structured in standardized form, are clear in definition, and provide an orderly process.
In this research I have followed exploratory method of study. The complete research which is done in this project is through both, the primary data and the secondary data which includes observations, questionnaire, and internet.
Traditional research may use quantitative or qualitative research method. According to Hendricks (2009), quantitative research is a general conclusion based on hard data. Hen-dricks describe quantitativ...
...and collect in Singapore and the range of people will be performed through 150 students of PSB Academy and other different workers. The time to delivery questionnaire to respondents until collecting results can be implemented within one week. If they cannot respond on time, reminders are needed to inform them quickly. This report will be used the questionnaire due to previous study uses it. Choosing the possibility sampling type because of it can generalise the questionnaire’s results and also can reduce the sampling error. In the types of probability,simple random sample will be choose to use in this questionnaire due to it can define effectively population and choose randomly within population. Additionally, about the analysis methods, questionnaire will apply the statistics to analyse the results. The table will be used to analyse the specific data in chapter 4.
SURVEY METHOD was used to collect the data as it yields a broader range of information. A questionnaire was given to each respondent and was asked to fill it. Data collected was “primary data” i.e. the first hand response of the respondents. The methodology used for carrying out the survey was personal interviews with the help of administered questionnaire.
Roy’s Adaptation Model, by Sister Callista Roy, is a conceptual nursing model that views humans as biopsychosocial adaptive systems who cope with environmental change through the process of adaptation (Roy & Andrews, 1999; Roy & Zhan, 2006; Tomey & Alligood, 2006). The process of adaptation may be either an adaptive (positive) or an ineffective (negative) response and adaptation occurs when the person responds positively to environmental changes (Roy, 1984). The person receives stimuli from both the self and the environment and the adaptive level is determined by the combined effect of the focal, residual and contextual stimuli (Roy, 1984). Focal stimulus is the “internal or external stimulus most immediately confronting the human system”; contextual stimulus “are all other stimuli present in the situation that contribute to the effect of the focal stimulus”; and residual stimulus “are environmental factors within or without the human system with effects in the current situation that are unclear” (Roy & Andrews, 1999).
Quantitative research involves the collection and converting of data into numerical form to enable statistical calculations be made and conclusions drawn. It provides a measure of how people think, feel or behave and uses the statistical analysis to determine the results. However, this measurement results in numbers, or data, being collected, which is then analyzed by using quantitative research methods (Byrne, 2007).