With global trends occurring more and more every day, it’s no surprise that the pressure is increasing when it comes to the availability and usability of natural resources such as land, water and ecosystems. Demographic changes, increasing consumption, environmental degradation and climate change are examples of the pressures that are becoming increasingly significant. The United Nations Secretary- General Ban Ki-Moons even states that "Since 1990, at least 18 violent conflicts have been fueled by the exploitation of natural resources such as timber, minerals, oil, and gas. Sometimes this is caused by environmental damage and the marginalization of local populations who fail to benefit economically from natural resource exploitation. (UN)“ …show more content…
The purpose of the consultation was to vote on the EZLN’s demand and what their future held. “The EZLN proposes six major themes for the new dialogue: Indigenous Rights and Culture; Democracy and Justice; Welfare and Development; Reconciliation in Chiapas; Rights of Women in Chiapas; and, finally, the Cessation of Hostilities” ("Zapatista Timeline," n.d.). After much deliberation, the Zapatistas, and the government sign the first set of accords, called “The Dialogue of San Andres,” which are national reforms regarding the Indigenous Rights and Culture. As the accords get sent to through the political ladder when it finally reaches President Zedillo to sign, he formally rejects the San Andres Accords. This only leads the “peace process into crisis” ("Zapatista Timeline," …show more content…
The government offers a counterproposal of the San Andres Accords, but the EZNL immediately reject it (“ZApatistas,” n.d.). Violence and repression continue and the international community take notice. By 1999, the Zapatistas send their own civilians to every municipality in the country to have Mexican civilians vote to demand the implementation of the San Andres Accords. When Vincent Fox became elected in 2000 he was able to order the army to withdraw from a few rebel areas of Chiapas as a goodwill gesture ("Zapatista Timeline," n.d.). With changes emerging, low intensity and attacks still continued. The following year in 2001 there was a mutilated version of the San Andres Accords that was approved by the senate. This, however, was not seen as enough for the Zapatistas. So in 2003, the Zapatistas took it upon themselves to implement the accords even without permission from the government ("Zapatista Timeline,”
Diaz offered foreign investors to start business in Mexico and encouraged utilization of the country’s natural resources through the investment of foreign capital (284).
Mexico’s leaders implemented a development policy which violated the ideals of the revolution by shirking the responsibilities of a social democracy. In his essay “Guatemalan Politics: The Popular Struggle for Democracy,” Garry H.
...Morelos seemed at a permanent stalemate. Carranza knew that he could never fully take Mexico while Zapata was still alive and in charge of his army. To rid himself of his enemy, Carranza devised a trap. A letter had been intercepted in which Zapata invited a colonel of the Mexican army who had shown leanings toward his cause to meet and join forces. This colonel, Jesús Guajardo, under the threat of being executed as a traitor, pretended to agree to meet Zapata and defect to his side. On Thursday, April 10, 1919, Zapata walked into Carranza's trap as he met with Guajardo in the town of Chinameca. There, at 2:10 PM, Zapata was shot and killed by federal soldiers, and as the man Zapata hit the ground, dead instantly, the legend of Zapata reached its climax. Carranza did not achieve his goal by killing Zapata. On the contrary, in May of 1920, Álvaro Obregón, one of Zapata's right-hand men, entered the capital with a large fighting force of Zapatistas, and after Carranza had fled, formed the seventy-third government in Mexico's history of independence. In this government, the Zapatistas played an important role, especially in the Department of Agriculture. Mexico was finally at peace.
...t years of the war started after 1980, and ended in 1992 with the Peace Treaty of Chapultepec, Mexico. This treaty did not bring the desired peace and progress to El Salvador. Instead, the fight continued in a way of political opposition without arms. The revolutionary forces became a political party that represents the rights of the workers. The right wing party, which was originally founded by D’aubuisson, stayed in power until the elections of 2009. The popular sectors of El Salvador still face extreme poverty and oppression caused by large companies. The church continues its work with the poor but in a more limited and conservative way. After 30 years of the death of Romero, the Salvadoran Church remembers him as the hero of the oppressed and the voice of the voiceless and cries on the fact that the church was never the same after the death of its major leader.
...ve. 2013b. "What accounts for Chavez's success? (OPEN FORUM)(Hugo Chavez)." NACLA Report On The Americas no. 1: 4. Academic OneFile, EBSCOhost (accessed December 2, 2013).
On the morning of June 28th, 2009, Honduras, the Central American countries, and the rest of the world, were stunned into silence as President Manuel ‘Mel’ Zelaya was exiled by the Honduran army. What had begun in 2008 as a minor problem in Congress when the Supreme Court denied Mel a referendum to change the Honduran constitution, turned into an all out brawl between the three branches of government when he ignored their decision and went forward with his plan by installing a fourth ballot. After many months of speculation, it became clear that his intent was concrete and so, two days after the national Congress had put forth a secret arrest warrant, the Honduran army crashed into the presidential palace in the late hours of June 27th and forced Mel and his family to board a plane to Costa Rica. Soon thereafter, it was announced that the speaker of Congress, Roberto Micheletti, would replace him in a de facto presidency. This act, which many considered a violation of human rights, put to the test the integrity of the Honduran government, the will of the population, and put the eyes of the entire world upon a small, poverty stricken country that had decided to take matters into their own hands.
“We were a group of four or five captains who used to jog together in the afternoons, and one day in 1983 Chávez suggested we swear an oath to fight against corruption and for the welfare of our country…from that moment on, we began to study the pr...
...n Morelos. Zapata secured the town and then cut off the road to Mexico City. A week later Diaz realized he was in trouble and fled Mexico for Europe. After he left a provisional President and a large army that was led by General Victoriano Huerta. Soon after Diaz left Mexico, Zapata took Cuernavaca, the capital of Morelos, and he then rode to Mexico City where he met Madero, where he was declared President. The victory, however, was only the beginning of the problem that would come in Mexico. (www.tamu.edu.htm, Encarta 98)
Woo-Sam, Anne. "Mexican Americans and the Chicano Movement." Encyclopedia of American Social Movements. Sharpe Online Reference. 2012. n. pag. Web. 12 February 2012.
Even though Mexico had to go through a very hard time getting what they wanted, the people ended up getting their government and land back. The PRI is still effective today to prevent any more revolutions.
Wick, K. & Bulte, E. (2006). Contesting Resources - Rent Seeking, Conflict and the Natural Resource Curse. Public Choice, 128, 457–476.
The PRI party that had run Mexico for 71 years by using an unfair system of corruption was defeated, but the remnants they left behind are creating more challenges for democratic consolidation. In 2000, af...
“We are consuming the Earth’s natural resources beyond its sustainable capacity of renewal” said by Herman Daly, Beyond Growth, Boston 1996, 61[1] .
Tietenberg, Thomas. Environmental and Natural Resource Economics. Addison Wesley: New York, 2003. pp. 561. ISBN 0-201-77027-X, pp. 7-11.
Political ecology also involves conflicts between people and institutions over resources, in both developed world and developing world contexts. The use of natural resources and the creation of a sustainable environment is a critical issue that must be observed from different perspectives. Does it permit sustainable resources? Is it a threat to local security? How is income distributed through societies, both gender and location wise? Who decides how these are to be classified? These are key problems in political ecology.