There is importance in the knowledge of soil properties, since many of these properties are beneficial for human use. These consist of chemical, biological, and physical properties that help determine what kinds of plant species may occur, the amount of water the soil can hold, and the different types and amounts of micro-organisms that are present. These specific properties of soil are gateways into scientific research which allow scientists to analyze soils and their relationship with the environment. The primary method for identifying and describing soils is the employment of soil surveys and ecological inventories. A soil scientist must study, observe, and relate the ways soils vary in productivity, and also find ways to conserve and improve soil productivity.
In soils science micromorphology contributed quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitatively like study of pores, crust formation and qualitative research are the study of changes in structure, root penetration etc. The dispersed soil can occur in pores as discrete particles, crystal linings on pore walls, and crystals bridging across pores. Dispersion is the separation of soil to single particles by soil texture, clay type, soil organic matter, soil salinity and exchangeable cations and have a effect on the behavior and management of a soil. The soils thin sections were prepared from undisturbed samples, impregnated, prepared, and analyzed in petrographic microscope with polarized and Crossed polarized light, and described according to FitzPatrick (1984... ... middle of paper ... ...e with environmental events.
Another important condition requires to be made in preliminary analysis is the water level. Soil nailing better to be installed at a level above groundwater table. If not, engineers should check the overturning and sliding failure in design to make sure that the soil nailing structure can deal with the negative effects caused by water table. A high groundwater table can lead to trouble in drilling and excavation and corrosion of reinforced steel bar. The advantages and disadvantages of soil nailing technique are always be... ... middle of paper ... ...ce between points changed.
How are salts harmful to plants? Retrieved from http://ucanr.org/sites/uccesc/files/51474.pdf 4- Al-shammmary, S. (2007). Retrieved from http://docsdrive.com/pdfs/ansinet/ajps/2007/821-826.pdf 5- Cardon, G., Davis, J., Bauder, T., & Waskom, R. (2013, April 19). Managing Saline Soils. Retrieved from http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/crops/00503.html 6-
These test helped narrow down the options of which organism the results matched with. The tests, which will be further dissected, are the SIM, Simmon’s Citrate and the Urease tests. First, the SIM test consisted of Sulfur, Indole, and Motility; however, the focus will be narrowed to the Sulfur portion of the test only due to it being the most significant. Two methods used in this portion of testing were direct testing on the specimen and culture/Isolation. During the SIM testing, aseptic technique was cautiously used.
Thus, it is important for a geologist to further study sinkholes, and the question asked would be; in what type of soil and rock does sinkholes usually occur in? Also what are possible ways to prevent sinkholes from occurring if a sinkhole does exist? My first hypothesis is that sinkholes may occur in soil and rock that is soft and wet. My second hypothesis is that sinkholes could occur in soil and rocks that are compact and dry because dryness over time can lead to cracks underground where water may easily seep through. A geologist would conduct tests that would include drilling into ground and testing the soil to identify sinkholes and find ways to prevent them from happening.
On the other hand, many researchers have tried to overcome such problem of soil disturbance by introducing several methods of correcting soil parameters for poor quality sample. Moreover, recompression method and Stress History and Normalized Soil Engineering Properties (SHANSEP) method are two well known methods employed recently in geotechnical engineering practice. 1) Recompression method Recompression method was developed by Bjerrum and Berre (1973) at the Norwagian Geotechnical Institute (NGI). In this method, soil specimens are reconsolidated to in-situ effective overburden pressure before sheared under undrained condition. Bjerrum mentioned that the principle behind this technique has been the swelling of sample that occurred before testing is so small and elastic in nature that the mechanical disturbance caused by such swelling can be eliminated by reconsolidating sample exactly as that it is in the in-situ stress condition before testing.
This study attempts to systematically review and synthesise the existing correlations between the permeability, shear strength, and compressibility of soil with Atterberg limits and make recommendations for modifications where necessary based on the current geotechnical engineering practice and development of soil testing. Since the method of performing both the index tests and engineering parameter tests has a direct influence on the correlation of the index properties with the engineering properties. This chapter covers the review of related literature, foreign and local, published articles including journals and other periodicals such as being available and relevant to the subject under investigation. In this wise therefore, contemporary materials, opinions and presentations shall be decisively employed and reviewed. A total of 150 published articles... ... middle of paper ... ...ays.
Forensic science: From the crime scene to the crime lab. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Steck-Flynn, K. (2009, September 20a). Trace evidence: Hair. Retrieved October 20, 2011, from CTE Online: http://www.cteonline.org/cognoti/content/file/import/curr/38/38f1b929/38f1b929a8ed6ed226310850f324ed7ea57bf053/Trace_Evidence_Fact_Sheet.pdf Steck-Flynn, K. (2009, September 20b). Analysis and collection of soil samples.
Forensic science: From the crime scene to the crime lab. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Steck-Flynn, K. (2009, September 20a). Trace evidence: Hair. Retrieved October 20, 2011, from CTE Online: http://www.cteonline.org/cognoti/content/file/import/curr/38/38f1b929/38f1b929a8ed6ed226310850f324ed7ea57bf053/Trace_Evidence_Fact_Sheet.pdf Steck-Flynn, K. (2009, September 20b). Analysis and collection of soil samples.