The Use of Fiber Optics in Communications The field of communications is one in which the technologies are changing on an almost daily basis. Numerous different technologies have been pursued over the past few years; each designed to essentially accomplish several basic purposes in terms of community service. Three of the most actively pursued application include interactive distance learning, video conferencing, and entertainment. While it is the first two, video conferencing and interactive distance learning, which would serve to the best advantage in terms of education and business; it is the last, entertainment which has the most appeal to the largest number of people. The application of various communications applications in terms of education and business is currently being utilized in remote learning programs and company training programs around the nation. One technology has maintained a position close to the lead in terms of staying in the running to win the coveted spot of the world’s most progressive and sought after communications application. This application is that of fiber optics. The Technology To understand fiber optics in its application to communications, one must first have an understanding of the technology itself. The transmission of light through thin fibers of glass or plastic is the basis of the branch of physics known as fiber optics. Capable of transmitting light over more than one-hundred and fifty miles, these fibers are made of either pure glass or plastic. Each fiber is composed of two parts, the core and the cladding. Optical fibers vary in thickness from hair size (0.001 inch) in diameter and up. The core is composed of the glass or plastic and does the actual transmission of ... ... middle of paper ... ...ed Brody, Herb. “Information highway: The home front”. (Vol. 96, Technology Review, 08-01-1993). Cone, Robert J. “Fiber Optics”. (Vol. 1, How the New Technology Works: A Guide to High-tech Concepts, 09-18-1991). Hunter, Kris. “Playing with fiber”. (Vol. 16, Memphis Business Journal, 04-10-1995). Lantz, Keith A. New Media: Sounds and images bridge the gap: Businesses increasingly are using video to interconnect distant company locations. Serving them could be an excelle, Telephony, 8 Dec 1997. Pietrucha, Bill. “Fiber Optic Sensor Markets Open New Doors - Study”. (Newsbytes News Network, 01-14-1997). Shenoda, George. Chief Technical Officer, ADC Kentrox, Portland, Ore., ATM is ready to move MPEG audio, video, Electronic Engineering Times, 20 Jan 1997. Yawn, David. “The future is now”. (Vol. 16, Memphis Business Journal, 01-23-1995).
...ed for resources that are available for distance communication across several formats has become more important than ever.
The true benefits of fiber optics become apparent, since it is not affected by electro-magnetic interference (EMI).
Aquinas Multimedia, 12 May 2008. Web. The Web. The Web. 10 Apr. 2014.
Fiber optics are thin transparent fibers of glass or plastic enclosed by a material of a lower index of refraction and that transmit light throughout their length by internal reflections. Real fiber optic cables are made out of very pure glass, glass so pure that if it were miles thick, light would still be able to pass through. The fiber optic strand, although thin in diameter, is stretched to miles in length. Therefore only the purest of glass would be efficient and useful for sending light signals. The glass of these fiber optic cables is drawn into a very thin strand (as thin as human hair), then it is coated in two layers of plastic. By coating the glass in plastic (this is called the cladding), a "mirror" is created around the glass. This creates a total internal reflection. In other words, when light is passed through the cable, the light will reflect off the interior surface of the cable, and continue to bounce off the reflective surface until it reaches the opening at the other end. Light travels through the fiber optic cable and bounces off at shallow angles, and stays completely within the glass fiber.
Li-Fi, English "Light Fidelity" abbreviation, Chinese-called "wireless visible light communication", by Herald Haas and his team at the University of Edinburgh in 2011, a patented technology, this technique uses rapid pulses of radio transmission of information, and their use is currently (October 2013) is still in its initial stages.
In today’s technology boom, the new waves of doing business have transformed the way people shop and live. The same happened the way people access personal entertainment. With Internet, people can stream movie online without have to go theater, or the rental movie box.
While light passes from one medium to another it is subject to refraction. Refraction is the action of light bending due to the change of velocity when moving through different media. A medium is a space or area that light can travel through. This can be air, water, glass, vacuum and many others.When light enters a new medium, it bends at the
Despite its unpopularity, teleconferencing is still used in big organizations, which have participants and branches away from each other. This technology provides many advantages: it helps to receive instant feedback and save time, money, and space. However, teleconferencing presents obstacles such as sound quality and technology failure that often put an end to the meeting. Moreover, teleconferencing does not send or communicate feelings, thus, it is much less rich than face-to-face communication on the scale of media
The index of refraction is defined as the speed of light in vacuum divided by the speed of light in the medium. In this experiment, the index of refraction for the perspex is 1.50. Snell's Law relates the indices of refraction of the two media to the directions of propagation in terms of the angles to the normal. It refers to the relationship between the different angles of light as it passes from one transparent medium to another. When light passes from one transparent medium to another, it bends according to Snell's law which states: [IMAGE] where: n1 is the refractive index of the medium the light is leaving, n2 is the refractive index of the medium the light is entering, sin 2 is the is the incident angle between the light ray and the normal to the medium to medium interface, sin 1 is the refractive angle between the light ray and the normal to the medium to medium interface.
...MEMs design, I hope to advance my understanding. Through research at the graduate level, it is my hope to become familiar with, and innovate the design of MEMs Optics in hopes of creating a reliable and practical MEMs Electro-Optical Interface for use in consumer electronics. It is my hope, that through my research, optical waveguides for intradevice communication might be realized.
Optical computing means performing computations, operations, Storage and transmission of data using light, instead of silicon chips. Optical computers are not completely discover. Optical, computing generally means that the optical manipulation of discrete manipulating data. The hope for optics lies in doing things that are provably impossible for electronics. This paper is consist of different types of optical computing (mainly digital analog and quantum), how the networks has been transported in optics (since 1990, SDH, and SONET specifications have been extended based upon the demand for the transport of new tributary signals and also based on new capabilities provided by the evolution in component technology), architecture of optical computing. Optical computing is safe for human use because of free from electrical short. The basic requirements of an optical computing architecture for information processing are: (i) optical sources (ii) input information for processing (iii) a method of modulating the sources to carry the input information and finally (iv) an information processing or decission making
Will the future of optics still be based on mirrors, prisms and lenses? To investigate this question some background information on the key concepts of light, reflection and refraction will be covered first. Light is defined as electromagnetic radiation of any wavelength. Light is also known as luminous energy or radiant energy. The speed of light is 299 792 458 m/s and is always constant. Electromagnetic radiation involves electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-ray and gamma ray. Electromagnetic radiation can travel through empty space unlike other waves that can only travel through substances such as solids, gases or liquids. Waves are measured in crests or troughs (see figure 1) the formula for the wavelength frequency relationship is c=f λ. Amplitude and wave frequency are both very important for reading and understanding waves. Amplitude measures the intensity of the wave by measuring the height of the wave, measuring the maximum vertical displaceme...
The purpose of this experiment was to demonstrate and better understand thin lenses. The two types of thin lenses are concave where the lens curves in and convex when the lens curves out. There are three characteristics of thin lenses, which include; a chef ray, which goes through the center of the lens and does not deviate, the parallel ray that shines parallel to the lens and is refracted through the focal point on the opposite side, lastly there is the focal ray, which shines through the focal point that is on the same side of the lens as the object and at the middle of the lens is refracted parallel to the lens. At the point where two or more reflections of the rays meet is where the image is created. A real image is one that is
The use of video conferencing as an essential part of business communication has increased dramatically in recent years. The growth is expected to continue unabated according to research firm Frost & Sullivan Inc, going from 1.9 billion U.S to 5.4 billion U...