As 2015 came to an end, many individuals were deciding what their New Year’s resolution would be for 2016, while others were only thinking about how they would enjoy the New Year. When trying to explain the trend which occurs around that time of year, we can use the trans-theoretical and precaution adaptation process models. The trans-theoretical model includes the precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination stages (Edberg, 2015). The precaution adoption process model includes seven stages beginning with the individual being unaware of the issue, unengaged by the issue, deciding about acting, deciding not to act, acting, and lastly maintaining the health behavior change (Edberg, 2015). The trans-theoretical …show more content…
The seven stages are broken down and explain an individual’s actions towards their health behavior change. The first stage begins with the person being unaware of the issue. The person is does not know that there is a problem with their behavior so they do nothing to change it. In the second stage, the individual is unengaged by the issue. They know their behavior causes health risks or is dangerous, yet they choose not to do anything about it. In stage three, the individual is deciding what the best plan would be if they did chose to act. The person knows about the problem, they are interested in making a change, and they are taking initiative by planning towards their behavior change. Stage four then separates those who are aware of their health risk but they decide not to act. Stage five includes the individuals who do decide to act in their health behavior change. Acting occurs after stage five, and it is taking action to make changes in their lifestyle. Stage six does not include the maintenance because it is completing the first step towards the health behavior change. Stage seven is the end of the precaution adoption process model. It is the maintenance of the actions taken towards the health behavior change. The precaution adoption process model is a very detailed theory about how individuals process the ways to make a behavior change. It helps determine where they are mentally, and also what they are willing to do to lower their health
This section discusses health psychology and behavioral medicine, making positive life changes, resources for effective life change, controlling stress, behaving, and your good life. Health psychology emphasizes psychology’s role in establishing and maintaining health and preventing and treating illness. It reflects the belief that lifestyle choices, behaviors, and psychological characteristics can play important roles in health. The mind is responsible for much of what happens in the body, it is not the only factor, the body may influence the mind as well. Making positive life changes include health behaviors- practices that have an impact on physical well being. The stages of change model describes the process by which individuals give up bad habits and adopt healthier lifestyles. The model has five stages: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation/ determination, action/ willpower, and
Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) Theory, developed by Rogers in 1962, is one of the oldest social science theories. It originated in communication to explain how, over time, an idea or product spreads through a specific population or social system. The end result of this diffusion is that people, as part of a social system, adopt a new idea, behavior, or product. Adoption means that a person does something differently than what they had previously. The key to adoption is that the person must perceive the idea, behavior, or product as new or innovative. It is through this that diffusion is possible (Boston University of Public Health, 2013).
A of his current state of health and lifestyle behaviours (Harris, Nutbeam, Wise, 2004). For example, the model explores 6 behavioural stages; pre-contemplation, contemplation, determination, action, maintenance and termination. These stages focus on the individual’s experience, behavioural changes and processes as opposed to an event which has determined a behaviour change. Evidently, the transtheoretical model determines that Mr. A is at the pre-contemplation stage (Prochaska & Velicer, 1997). Due to Mr. A experiencing this stage, he is not planning change to his current lifestyle choices. Although Mr. A is not planning changes in the foreseeable future, the transtheoretical model in conjunction with an education campaign can inform Mr. A about different behavioural stages that he may experience. However, understanding this behaviour change model of health cannot determine why Mr. A’s his current lifestyle and behaviour (Prochaska & Velicer, 1997). Fortunately, inclusion of maslow’s hierarchy of needs psychology theory (Donovan, Egger, Spark, 2005) used in conjunction with the transtheoretical model of health, can identify barriers that are stopping Mr A from actively using information from health education campaigns to change his behaviour (Harris, Nutbeam, Wise,
We discussed methods/ and or techniques that allows organization to learn how to effectively use these stages of Transtheoretical Model of Change and how it relates to change. “This model emphasizes the decision making of the individual and has been applied to a wide variety of problem behaviors including alcohol and drug abuse, smoking, and overeating. The Transtheoretical Model of Change describes change as a process—rather than a single event— that involves progress through a series of stages. The primary organizational constructs of the Transtheoretical Model of Change are the Stages of Change and the Processes of Change.” Tomlin, K., Walker, R. D., Grover, J., Arquette, W. & Stewart, P. (2005). Also, figuring out solutions but using this method of approach to help change the behavior by overcoming their lack of motivation. How will we overcome it? By using the motivational interviewing approach/ and or stages to help guide organizations through
The stages of change according to the Transtheoretical Model of Change consist of precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. The Transtheoretical model of change includes flexible stages. This means that an individual could be in the maintenance stage one week, relapse the next week and be back in the precontemplation stage. The stages of change are not stagnant and an individual could go up/down a stage or stages of change depending on their development of self-efficacy. Ted goes through all of these stages of change on his journey to sobriety.
The key concept of the health belief model includes threat perception (perceived threat), behavioral evaluation, self-efficacy and other variables. The threat perception has very great relevance in health-related behaviors. This perception are measured by perceived susceptibility (the beliefs about the likelihood of contacting a disease) and perceived severity (the feeling about the seriousness of contacting an illness and leaving it untreated). The behavioral evaluation is assessed by the levels of perceived benefits (the positive effects to be expected), perceived barriers (potential negative aspects of a health behavior), and cues to action (the strategies to activated one’s readiness). The self-efficacy key concept was not originally included in of the health belief model, and it was just added in 1998 to look at a person’s belief in his/her ability to take action in order to make a health related change. The other variables that are also the key concepts of the model include diverse demography, sociopsychology, education, and structure. These factors are variable from one to another and indirectly influence an individual’s health-related behavior because the factors influence the perception...
as a public health intervention to promote healthy lifestyles, it often is not realized there is
DiClemente, R. J., Salazar, L. F., & Crosby, R. A. (2013). Health Behavior Theory for Public Health: Principles, Foundations, and Applications. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning
This model was put in place to avoid health problems. Some people are more likely to take action towards their health if they feel threatened. An example can be an obese lady who might be at risk of suffering from a heart attack, she is likely to go to her GP and seek for help as having a heart attack can lead to death, and if she gets help, and her health will be less damaged. In order to help her the GP would refer her to a nutritionist which will help her maintain a healthier diet, even more the professionals from the GP would explain the side effects of what can happen if she doesn’t get healthier. The health care professional will also encourage the lady to start doing physical activities to avoid other diseases such as heart diseases or if she has a heart disease, it helps her avoid having a heart attack.
The theory is complex throughout as four concepts, seven assumptions, and ten curative factors are discussed. The theory tends to describe multiple concepts, assumptions, and factors. The theory also predicts that these concepts, and factors impact the relationship of caring and need for a healthier behavior.
Primary prevention are means necessary to prevent health problems before they occur, and it involves health promotion. The purpose of primary prevention is to reduce an individual’s susceptibility to an illness by strengthening the individual’s capacity to withstand physical, emotional, and environmental stressors (Harkness & Demarco, 2016). Examples of primary prevention for obesity include education about proper diet and exercise before someone becomes obese. Another example is to educate people about the potential health risks of obesity (Lundy & Janes, 2001). Secondary prevention addresses pathology, and is aimed at early detection through diagnosis (Harkness & Demarco, 2016). This level of prevention focuses on identifying groups of individuals who have early symptoms of disease or condition so that they can receive prompt treatment. Examples of secondary prevention for health consequences of obesity include: blood pressure screenings and blood sugar testing (Lundy & Janes, 2001). Tertiary prevention consists of activities designed around rehabilitation. This level of prevention has a goal to restore the individual back to his/her optimal level of functioning. Examples of tertiary prevention include: regular exercise and healthy eating patterns for individuals with obesity, hypertension and diabetes (Lundy & Janes,
Most people have an aspiration to get rid of a certain unhealthy behaviour or to employ a new health behaviour that would benefit their wellbeing. Some examples include a wish to stop smoking, eating a balanced diet or getting rid of a sedentary lifestyle. Many psychologists have been trying to find a model that would help people fight these kinds of unwanted health behaviours. One of such is the Transtheoretical model of behavioural change (TTM) which will be the main focus of this essay. Specifically, how one’s sedentary lifestyle can be changed by bringing out a systematic exercising routine using TTM.
Why do some innovations get adopted while others fail? The diffusion theory offers up one explanation for this phenomenon. The theory can be applied to a multitude of different products or ideas. This theoretical approach is fascinating do to the breadth of different fields that it can be applied to and to the depth that it can go into the field to formulate a. It allows for people to formulate a better understanding of the spread of new innovations. Diffusion theory can give a comprehensive picture as to how ideas spread in this social media age. To understand the depth of the diffusion of innovation theory you have to first understand what the theory is and how it analyzes situations. Then it has to be applied to and utilized. Lastly the justification of why this theory is an appropriate fit for the selected field of interest. The study of diffusion has been pursued by many scholars dating back over a hundred years.
Being proactive is the first step in the seven habit journey. I thought I was proactive because I always had to plan everything in my life. Family vacations, work schedules, continuing education all were events that I was proud to say I planned right down to the last detail. Reading the Covey material I realized that being proactive went much deeper than just planning life events. Being proactive involves choosing my attitude, focusing on my circle of influence and not my circle of concern, and turning setbacks into triumphs. Being proactive means to act based on principles not emotions. We all need a pause button that would allow us to stop during that time between...
The world is constantly changing in many different ways. Whether it is technological or cultural change is present and inevitable. Organizations are not exempt from change. As a matter of fact, organizations have to change with the world and society in order to be successful. Organizations have to constantly incorporate change in order to have a competitive advantage and satisfy their customers. Organizations use change in order to learn and grow. However, change is not something that can happen in an organization overnight. It has to be thought through and planned. The General Model of Planned Change focuses on what processes are used by the organization to implement change. In the General Model of Planned Change, four steps are used in order to complete the process of change. Entering and Contracting, Diagnosing, Planning and Implementing, and Evaluating and Institutionalizing are the four steps used in order to complete the process of change in an organization. The diagnostic process is one of the most important activities in OD(Cummings, 2009, p. 30).