The trade dispute between the United States and Canada over split run magazines is the focus of my assignment for this unit. I chose this particular case because it seems to showcase the will of the government of Canada to protect what it believes to be a culturally significant domestic industry up against the profits of a foreign company. Rather than repeating the original question, I will simply start each answer with the number corresponding to the question asked in the instructions.
1. The Canadian government was already involved in the protection of the magazine industry by tarrifs on foreign magazines since the 1920 's ("canadian magazine dispute", n.d.). This predates the General Agreement on Tarrifs and Trade (GATT) in 1947 and the
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After reading the case, it seems more logical that the Canadian government was pressured to stop protecting it 's market because of the financial interests of the foreign magazine industry. Looking at the complaint filed with the WTO by the United States in 1996, they complained that canada violated GATT Article XI and GATT Article III. ("Summary of the dispute to date", n.d.). This was 3 years after Time Warner attempted to bypass Canada 's import tarrif by electronically transmitting their magazine content from America to a Canadian printer. ("canadian magazine dispute", n.d.)
3. If Canadian magazines constitute only 11% of Canadian magazine sales, that means 89% of magazine sales in Canada are foreign. Statistics for employment in the Canadian magazine indutsry are hard to find, but in 2010, there were 8,500 employees. ("Industry size and economic impact", n.d.) Canada has a proven track record of attempting to protect it 's culture, I feel that 11% is testament to their efforts given the flooding of their market by the United States magazines. Protecting domestic employment could be equally as motivating as protecting
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I don 't see what their purchasing habits would be "voting" for or against. It 's simple math, if foreign magazines comprise 89% of what is on the shelf, then they would naturally have a higher percentage of sales. Foreign imports also have a domestic market of their own in which to generate sales, and when you take into consideration that there are over 9 times more people in the United States than Canada ("Comparisons between Canada and the United States", 2013), it isn 't a risky proposition to export a multitude of magazines to Canada.
5. I don 't agree with the premise that Canadian consumers of foreign magazines are subsidizing local publications because of import tarrifs. In this case, I believe an import tarrif on foreign magazines makes it less attractive for the publisher of the import magazine from cutting their prices because they can count on revenue from their own domestic market. I feel the 80% levied against split run magazines is excessive ("canadian magazine dispute", n.d.), but I don 't see why import tarrifs are a bad
"We have an extremely antiquated Broadcasting Act," he said. "Things get old. People get old. Legislation gets old. We 're looking for a refresh of the Broadcasting Act. It 's a reasonable request." Entwistle suggested that the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission(CRTC) should displace the Canadian Television Fund with a fund created and manage by company such as TELUS. (POST, 2006)Although his suggestions drew the CRTC’s attention, the Conservative government had already set the plan to the CRTC. However, Entwistle is brave and astute to strive for the maximum benefits, not only for TELUS, but also the Canada government and the whole
The article goes over the affects this deal has on some local Canadian industries. For example, the author explained that this deal will possibly increase the amount of imported foreign car parts and maybe even dairy products, which could mean a better selection as well as lower prices for consumers but also hurt some workers who operate locally in these businesses. Currently the absence of foreign products in the Canadian dairy market means that there is less selection for a higher price, but this also means that local farming communities can have stable incomes and can be
The parties proceeding the case are the Attorney General of Nova Scotia, appellants: vs. Susan Walsh and Wayne Bona, respondents, and the Attorney General for Ontario, the Attorney General
...wo constitutional documents may be similar in respect to their provisions respecting rights, it would not necessarily follow that claims of violation of rights would receive the same response from the courts of both nations. A proper analysis of why this is so would require a book-length account of the constitutional and political history of Canada and the United States. It would include but would not be limited to the selection and role of judges, the role of legislatures and political leadership, the attitudes and practices of the police and administrative agencies, and, not least, popular attitudes towards rights, minorities, and government. In short, the whole of a people’s way of life.
Tse was R v. Duarte. R v. Duarte had gone to the Supreme Court of Canada to fight section 8 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. This case presented similar features to R v. Tse. Mario Duarte was under investigation for a drug related situation. Police officers had set up a warrantless camera in the hotel room where the undercover cop would meet Mario Duarte, and was later convicted. Officers used the video as evidence but it was found that it violated section 8 of the Charter. Later the case had been appealed and Justice Peter Cory, found that what the Police officers had done was justified and did not violate the reasonable privacy. Justice Peter Cory relied upon United States v. White and Lopez v. United States to justify his reasoning. Another case that relates is Hunter et al. v. Southam Inc. This case is a landmark case to the Supreme Court of Canada because it is the first privacy rights case that is based on s. 8 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The investigation began by the government by giving authority to Combines Investigation Act to examine files in Southam Newspaper. The judge in Alberta found that the Act was conflicting with the Charter and therefore the evidence gathered was inadmissible. The last case that relates is R v. Godoy. This case relates to R v. TSE because police officers abused their powers by entering into an apartment because of a received 911 call that had been dropped before the caller
...an business world at odds with the free trade agreement that was drafted in 1987, with the aim of encouraging better trading through pulling back the different trade barriers that are used in international trade. The softwood lumber dispute is however straining relations between Canada and the Unites states. It has put the 1987 agreement into the background and dashed any hopes of better trading relations between the two countries. Canada is a major supplier of softwood and the united state is a major market, which it is at risk of losing. Therefore the achievement of Canadian objectives remains elusive at best. Bibliography US-Canada Free Trade Negotiations (II): The Canadian Dilemma, http://www.ksgcase.harvard.edu/case.htm?PID=862 Keith Jones, (7 September 2001) “Lumber dispute strains Canada-US relations, http://www.wsws.org/articles/2001/sep2001/lumb-s07.shtml
Canada and the United States are the largest trade partners in the world. It is the result of the geographical position of two countries and the free trade between two countries. It should be a great thing for the economies of both countries, but since the North American Free Trade Agreement was signed, American businesses almost took over the Canadian economy. When the American companies started to make more business in Canada, it brought more jobs and money to the country in the short-term. But as a long-term effect Canadians became even more depended on the U.S. as the American companies started dominating Canadian companies in Canada. Also, today Canadian manufacturers have little protection from the government when ch...
The United States is Canada's largest trading partner and is the largest market for Canadian goods. The Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (1989) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (1994) have both been crucial to increasing market opportunities for Canadian exporters in the U.S.
Back to the early 1970s, people from CRTC (Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission) felt anxious and threatened when they became aware of American Cultural imperialism had a big influence on Canadian Cultural Identity which made the latter to diminish. To solve this crisis, CRTC adopted Canadian content rules (CanCon) to govern the percentage of the music with Canadian content should be played from radio stations until now. Theoretically, this regulation could cause Canadian talents to rise and support the Canadian music industry. Also for Canadian artists, they would get more opportunities to let the masses to hear their music. However, from my point of view, CanCon works the opposite way. Reasons are as follows.
Quebec's and Canada's main interest is the promotion and maintenance of their "cultural identity" and their main fear is too much American influence, especially within the media (Tremblay, 1992). In accordance with this need of protection, the Canadian broadcasting policy within the Broadcasting Act of 1991 strictly adheres to th...
The topic of discussion in this paper is advertising in Canada. It will argue that the Canadian advertising industry strives to protect themselves from competition in the United States. The paper will discuss how the Canadian advertising industry allots their money to different forms of media to ward off the United States competition. Tracing the history of advertising from the early 1960’s to the present day, will help to show why Canada concentrates on the television and radio portion of the media.
In my opinion, the U.S. – Canadian dispute was extremely motivated by genuine desires to protect Canadian culture. Government of Canada was quite serious in terms of protecting its culture from foreign influence. Even though Canadian magazines were less produced domestically still the government recognizes it “as an important touchstone of Canadian national identity”. In favor of Canadian culture, governmentof Canada took a decision “In1920s, imposed protective tariffs on foreign magazines. In 1965 also, Canada furthermore prohibited the importation of split-run editions of foreign-published magazines into their country”.
In the 1990s, 95% of feature films, about 70% of retail sales of sound recordings, 60% of television programs come from abroad, overwhelmingly from the United States. 80% of magazines, 70% of books come from abroad, of which overwhelmingly from the United States especially in the educational publication, only 25 %of educational book publishers in Canada were Canadian. At the supermarkets, the shops such as McDonald’s, Wal-Mart chain stores went into Canada on a ...
The three parties have been known to censor out and deny government file requests. Between June 2013 to June 2014 there were around 28 000 requests for government files. Out of all those requests CSIS only allowed 21% of the files were returned free of redactions. 2% of the files were denied completely. More than half of the files requested were partially censored by CSIS and RCMP, and this is the highest amount of censored files in the history of Canada. Because these files are censored it doesn’t give reliable information to the general public and organizations. This lowers respect from Canadian citizens. An example on how some files are censored when they should have full access is the Cyber-Bullying document in the Internet Safety Act. The government has censored this document excessively to the point where even the word Canada is blacked out in Government of Canada. This document is one of the most requested documents by the public due to the rapid growth of the internet. The censorship towards this document will deny people of their rights, and appear to be above the law. Side from the requests for multiple censored documents, the Harper Conservatives have been in between a conflict with them muzzling scientists. Canadian scientist were not allowed to reveal to the public about their discoveries, even if the discovery proved to be
Thomas, David M.. Canada and the United States: differences that count. Third ed. Toronto: Broadview Press, 2008.