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Big bang theory vs creationism
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For thousands of years, philosophers and astronomers have been trying to determine the origin of our universe. The twentieth century proved to be a time of intense research in the fields of astronomy and physics. While science still searches for the solution uniting general relativity and quantum mechanics, some astrophysicists have conjectured about the implications of quantum gravity for the universe’s existence. The most exotic objects in our universe, black holes, may hold the key to the creation of our universe. Physicist Lee Smolin has been one of the most prominent theorists in this area of astrophysics. Smolin’s theory of cosmological natural selection attempts to explain the origin of our universe and its fundamental characteristics by using black hole singularities. While the theory has not been proven, its assumptions are based on the theory of evolution and provide a fascinating perspective into the nature of our universe.
Lee Smolin’s theory of cosmological natural selection is based off of two different theories; a) there is a formation of a “baby universe”, which is the final singularity of a black hole tunneling through the original big bang singularity of a new universe due to quantum effects, and b) that certain parameters of the baby universe are close but different to the effects of the “parent universe”. Although these facts seem impossible, hopefully in the near future Smolin will be able to test these theories and come up with something a little more accurate so that people can believe this theory (www.aleph.se/Trans/Global/Omega/). He says that fundamental constants evolve according to different things that occur during re-collapse or at the actual black hole singularity. Furthermore, he propo...
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...t there are still incredible mysteries with many open pages. Hopefully one day we shall close the book and solve these mysteries.
Bibliography
Smolin, Lee. The Life of the Cosmos. 1997. Oxford University Press. New York , NY .
Alpher, Ralph A. and Herman, Robert. Genesis of the Big Bang. 2001. Oxford University Press. New York , NY .
http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0407213
http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9712189
Rothman, T. and Ellis, G.F.R. “Smolin’s Natural Selection Hypothesis.” Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society. Vol. 34, No. 2, page 201-212. June 1993.
http://www.starlarvae.org/Star_Larvae_Cosmological_Natural_Selection.html http://www.aleph.se/Trans/Global/Omega/
http://i.1asphost.com/pgostrov/e1.html
http://www2.corepower.com:8080/~relfaq/universe.html
http://www.imaginaryuniverse.com/multiuniverse.html
Nineteen Eighty-Four describes a world where the most obvious paradox is seen as a commonplace. At least it appears so to the people living in Airstrip One (the former United Kingdom). Winston Smith is one of these citizens who survive on shortages of food and rations of Victory Gin. He believes that his life is being improved day by day even though the reality is the absolute opposite. He is a diligent worker on the Ministry of Truth where he enjoys his job of rewriting the past. One day, however, he decides to start writing a journal. This simple act is already considered as a death crime – the so called “thoughtcrime”. By just thinking against the Party that rules the society, he conspires against it and is considered as a criminal who should be converted to accept the truth that only the Party is right. He should truly love only the Big Brother – an icon and the dictator of the totalitarian Oceania. He finds a place where he believes he can secretly commit his crime of independent creative thinking. He needs to take this precaution because everyone is under a complete surveillance by the authorities through “telescreens” in their households. The phrase “Big Brother is watching you” constantly reminds the people of this through the propaganda system in this state.
The origins of the super-massive black holes which concludes how they were formed and what caused them to form is an unsolved problem which is yet a mystery of astrophysics. ( Millis 2014)
Throughout history there has always been discussions and theories as to how the universe came to be. Where did it come from? How did it happen? Was it through God that the universe was made? These philosophies have been discussed and rejected and new theories have been created. I will discuss three theories from our studies, Kalam’s Cosmological Argument, Aquinas’s Design Argument, and Paley’s Design Argument. In this article, I will discuss the arguments and what these arguments state as their belief. A common belief from these three theories is that the universe is not infinite, meaning that the universe was created and has a beginning date. Each believe that there was a God, deity, or master creator that created the universe for a reason. They also believe that
Lady Macbeth is one of William Shakespeare’s most famous and frightening female characters. As she is Macbeth’s wife, her role is significant in his rise and fall from royalty. She is Macbeth’s other half. During Shakespearean times, women were regarded as weak insignificant beings that were there to give birth and look beautiful. They were not thought to be as intelligent or equal to men. Though in Shakespeare's play, Macbeth, Lady Macbeth is the highest influence in Macbeth’s life. Her role was so large; in fact, that she uses her position to gain power, stay strong enough to support her unstable Lord, and fails miserably while their relationship falls apart. Everything about Lady Macbeth is enough to create the perfect villain because of her ability to manipulate everyone around her. It appears that even she can’t resist the perfect crime.
Lady Macbeth is a very 'crazy' character. She is blood thirsty and she will do anything she possibly can to gain power even if it means forever being cursed. Lady Macbeth is the farmer who planted the seed in Macbeth's head to become murderous and after that you couldn't stop him. She enters around the fifth scene of act 1 and her first impression is to kill her husband's best friend.
“The categorical imperative would be that one which represented an action as objectively necessary for itself, without any reference to another end, (Groundwork for Metaphysics of Morals, 2nd Section, Immanuel Kant, 1797). Kant’s Categorical Imperative is basically not to be a ‘means to an end,’ or not use people as tools for your own personal gain. Take for example during colonial times when a family would give there child to a master craftsman, so that the child would learn that particular trade after so many years of working. Many of these trades were medicine, blacksmith and carpentry; from the moment the children were given to the master craftsman they now depended on the craftsman for food, shelter and knowledge. The children would work long hard hours tending to whatever the master needed or wanted. Kant would not have agreed with these practices because both parties were using each other; the children was in essence a slave for the master craftsman because he did whatever he was told but the child is also just using the master for his insight. “Pleasure, and freedom from pain, are the only things desirable as ends; and that all desirable that are desirable either for the pleasure inherent in themselves, or as means to the promotion of pleasure and the prevention
A heavily contested topic regarding William Shakespeare’s tragedy Macbeth is the debate of who is responsible for the events that take place. The audience is divided among three main arguments on who is at fault: Lady Macbeth with her seductive manipulation, the witches with their deceitful prophecy, and Macbeth himself with his greed and impatience. These three claims, however, are in no way correct simply on their own; they work in sync to unfold classic tale of Macbeth’s downfall.
Overbye, D. (2014, March 17). Space Ripples Reveal Big Bang’s Smoking Gun.The New York Times. Retrieved March 21, 2014, from http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/18/science/space/detection-of-waves-in-space-buttresses-landmark-theory-of-big-bang.html?_r=0
Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection explains the general laws by which any given species transforms into other varieties and species. Darwin extends the application of his theory to the entire hierarchy of classification and states that all forms of life have descended from one incredibly remote ancestor. The process of natural selection entails the divergence of character of specific varieties and the subsequent classification of once-related living forms as distinct entities on one or many levels of classification. The process occurs as a species varies slightly over the course of numerous generations. Through inheritance, natural selection preserves each variation that proves advantageous to that species in its present circumstances of living, which include its interaction with closely related species in the “struggle for existence” (Darwin 62).
Lady Macbeth’s wicked character has an extreme impact towards her husband. Lady Macbeth is responsible for influencing her husband to commit both crimes; she unleashes the dark side of him and motivates him to become an evil and horrendous man. In various parts throughout the story we find that Lady Macbeth strives beyond limits to be converted into a bitter and sour women. The audience is revolted by her horrific actions and although she may seem repugnant, she is an extremely talented actor. In her role, having a deceitful and convincing character is important
In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Lady Macbeth is portrayed as a dark, conniving force, hindering Macbeth’s wishes to do well by the king and influencing his malicious conspiracies and actions taken towards King Duncan and his comrades. Lady Macbeth as the lady of Dunsinane is entitled to many things. This often gives her an unfair advantage on her actions that others would not have, it does not help that when Lady Macbeth is given the title of queen she is given more power to affect the life of the others around her. Whether Lady Macbeth is manipulating Macbeth into a murder plot of feeding into his sadistic killing spree there is no doubt about Lady Macbeth is an evil character.
Which is normally a role taken on by male characters. Christina Leon Alfar argues that, "Lady Macbeths 'evil ' is ... an ideologically inscribed notion that is often linked in our literary tradition to strong female characters who seek power, who reject filial loyalty as prior to self-loyalty, and who pursue desire in all its forms - romantic, adulterate, authoritarian, and even violent." This is shown, as Lady Macbeth is ambitious and successful with her plot to kill Duncan. She can also be seen as evil when she calls upon evil spirits and uses language associated with the supernatural. I don’t agree with what these critics say. I believe that Lady Macbeth is indeed ruthless and very ambitious, but many people take on roles, they aren’t necessarily suited for, to gain
In Macbeth, from the very beginning Shakespeare presents Lady Macbeth deliberately trying to suppress her feminine qualities in order to show her power. She was an evil, scheming person whose greed and selfishness was a part of the destruction of her character. Her wicked character has a big impact on her husband, convincing him to kill Duncan.
Ultimately, Macbeth is far more evil than any other character in the play, including Lady Macbeth. He becomes a man with no mercy or pity for anyone else. He is a man who lingers among witches. A man who sheds the blood of innocent people and feels no wrong in doing so. Macbeth who is diseased with ill ambition, wicked desire, and savage thoughts is the most prominent evil character in the play, whose evil is far superior to his wife’s.
During Muhammad’s time, he united many areas in Arabia and was able to establish a religious communi...