Question Set 1:
What challenges to the traditional, general factor (“g”) theories of intelligence are presented by Hector’s situation above?
Cognitive development in middle childhood focuses on thinking and constructed knowledge. As their cognitive abilities flourish and grow, children learn to meet requirements of formal schooling. Hector’s ability to excel in pre-calculus and economics shows that he is accustomed to formal schooling and can succeed in a traditional setting. However, he is not excelling in all aspects of formal schooling based upon his poor marks in philosophy. Clearly his poor performance in philosophy is not attributed to his inability to conform to formal schooling seeing as he is succeeding in other areas of school. Hector’s
Hector evidently performs well in courses such as pre-calculus and economics that involve computation and concrete or black-and-white operations. Traditional theories of intelligence do not account for the ambiguity of classes such as philosophy or for the wide range of interests a child can have. For example, contemporary theories such as Sternberg’s Theory of Intelligence and Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences both account for more than the general intelligence accounted for in traditional intelligence theories.
According to Robert Sternberg’s Successful (Triarchic) Theory of Intelligence, are Hector’s difficulties in philosophy indicative of future difficulties in the business world?
According to Sternberg’s Theory of Intelligence, Hector’s difficulty in philosophy will not negatively affect his future. Sternberg would instead focus on elements of successful intelligence like Hector’s involvement and contribution as an individual, as opposed to relying on intelligence measured by tests. Sternberg theorized that a person’s true worth of intelligence was measured based on his information-processing skills such as his metacomponents, performance components, and knowledge-acquisition components; his overall life experience and ability to handle and solve problems; and his context, or ability to adapt to his
Alexa, a junior in college, shares her ideas on Intelligence. Intelligence is determined by motivation to do required tasks. Motivation is necessary to complete basic tasks such as doing homework. Also for completing difficult tasks. Which allows someone to learn new things, (Hietpas). Alexa explains the necessity of motivation to complete simple tasks. For an individual to be intelligent they have to learn new things. To be able to learn new things, one has to have the motivation to learn. In addition, if someone does not have motivation, they will not be able to learn anything new. Therefore, never having the opportunity to become intelligent. A mutual trait between intelligent people is wanting to learn new things. Taylor mentions her father whom she believes is intelligent without a lot of education, “[My father is] motivated to constantly be learning new things. He is not told, he wants to learn,” (Nelson). In the quote Taylor analyzed her father who only had a high school education. She explains that he is someone she considers highly intelligent. Intelligence is determined by motivation to learn new things and the tasks done in one’s free time. Taylor’s father is intelligent because of the motivation to constantly be learning new things. He chooses to learn new things in his free time and has the motivation to do so. Although, he might not have had as much traditional school as
Describe how these theories differ in regard to the ever-reversing role of general intellectual ability factor (g).
Howard Gardner’s theory contains eight main multiple intelligence. As the years have progressed there have taken one out and is left with the main seven. These seven are: Linguistic, Mathematical, Spatial, bodily, Musical, Interpersonal, and Intrapersonal. These are found in everyone; however, each person will excel in one or two. Once teachers can determine what intelligence the students will exceed on and teach to their strengths the student will learn much more.
This essay will begin with a background of Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory and critique it. Howard Gardner proposed that people have several kinds of intelligences that are independent of one another, each operating as a separate system in the brain according to its rules. The original seven of his proposed ‘intelligences’ were linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthentic, intrapersonal, and interpersonal. There are many proponents of this theory, such as school teachers, children educators and physiotherapists. Perhaps the greatest utility of this theory is that it offers teachers a certain perspective into the different manner in which learners may absorb knowledge.
In today’s world, intelligence remains the key to success. The wise minister Martin Luther King Jr. once said, “The function of education is to teach one to think intensively and to think critically. Intelligence plus character - that is the goal of true education.” Intelligence is the ability to obtain and apply knowledge and skill. In Chaim Potok’s novel The Chosen, the main characters Danny Saunders and Reuven Malter display immense intelligence throughout the story. Reb Saunders demonstrates his intelligence by intentionally cultivating thought-provoking questions for every situation with his son, Danny, and others. Reuven, Danny, and Reb Saunders all display exceptional qualities, but intelligence remains the most prominent trait in each
Intelligence tests have been developed by scientists as a tool to categorize army recruits or analyze school children. But still discussing what intelligence is, academics have a difficult time defining what intelligence tests should measure. According to the American researcher Thorndike, intelligence is only that what intelligence tests claim it is (Comer, Gould, & Furnham, 2013). Thus, depending on what is being researched in the test and depending on the scientist’s definition of intelligence the meaning of the word intelligence may vary a lot. This essay will discuss what intelligence is in order to be able to understand the intelligence theories and aims of intelligence tests.
Charles Spearman's model of intelligence and Howard Gardner's multiple intelligence theory are two of the most widely used theories of intelligence. In order to understand how similar the two theories are we must first understand their differences. These two men differed in opinion on how IQ and intelligence should be measured, and they differed in opinion on what made a person "smart". In order to examine these things they first had to understand the human brain and how it works. They had to examine the human study habits and rituals, along with the human test taking habits.
...tions rather than logic, as opposed to Odysseus who is an intellectual hero who uses wit and cunning as an effective application of strength used to gain advantage over opponents.
Isaacson and Dweck begin and would agree with a similar base that intelligence, to a `certain point, is innate upon those who society sees as intelligent. Isaacson proves his viewpoint by exploring the mind of Steve Jobs, someone that most would consider to be the pinnacle of intelligence, and stating that “His imaginative leaps were instinctive, unexpected, and at times magical. They were sparked by intuition, not analytic rigor” (Isaacson 3). By emphasizing
The theory of Cognitive development by Bruner can benefit greatly to overall development of the children when applied in an early years setting and in the home too. Children’s cognitive development has been viewed by different theorists, and they have found how they can help parents in their child’s development.
The general argument made by Salman Khan in his work, The Learning Myth: Why I’ll Never Tell My Son He’s Smart, is that the form of communication you use with developing children heavily affects their mindset of their personal capabilities. More specifically, Mr. Khan argues that intelligence is not fixed, and can grow as we embrace tasks we can possibly struggle or fail with. He writes, “They’ve found that neural connections form and deepen most when we make mistakes doing tasks rather than repeatedly having success with easy ones (Khan,2)”.
Spearman’s g (1904) By Emily Nash s1300743 Introduction and Phenological Terminology This essay will explore and critique an intelligence theory, “Spearman’s g”, conceived by the English psychologist Charles Spearman (1863-1945) in 1904. Spearman developed his theory of g based on statistical tests that showed correlations. In order to understand Spearman’s theory we will define the key terms coined and commonly used by him: “g” – Simply, g stands for “general intelligence” (Gardner, H., 1999.
The author argues that certain decision leads to vast amount of untapped human potential and limits success to few who are selected unjustly. This example supports “Mathews Effect”. The Gladwell’s example of Bill Gates proves the “10,000 Hour Rule”, He explained that the timing and opportunity played a huge role to become an expert at computer programming. Bill Gates had access to computers decades before computers became mainstream. Such a timing helped him capture the opportunity to master the tool of trade and put him in the perfect position to start Microsoft. The Gladwell’s example of experiment by Lewis Terman, He argues about that a person’s IQ have a limited control over success. He claims that there is a minimal difference in the levels of success attained by those with IQs between 125 and 170. The author adds that IQ cannot efficiently measure person’s creativity. A person who has a high IQ does not mean that it has a high chance of winning a Nobel Prize because other kind of intelligence matter too. With the help of these facts, Gladwell proves that the relationship between IQ and success is
Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligence focuses more on how numerical expressions of human intelligence are not a full and accurate depiction of people’s abilities (McFarlane, 2011). He includes and describes eight intelligences that are based on skills and abilities that are valued within different cultures. The eight intelligences include visual-spatial (e.g. sailor navigating with no navigational systems), verbal-linguistic (e.g. poets, writers, orators, and communicators), bodily-kinesthetic (e.g. dancers, athletes, surgeons, craftspeople), logical-mathematical (e.g. mathematicians and logicians), interpersonal(e.g. salespeople, teachers, clinicians, politicians, and religious leaders), musical (e.g. musicians and
The study of IQ and how it operates in the education field has been argued through various theories. Theorist such as Howard Garner, R...