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history and development of advertising
history and development of advertising
history and development of advertising
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Beginning around the mid-1900s, advertisements began to play a major role in how we, as a society, decide what to buy. Some ads attempt to sell you things, while others try and persuade you away from alleged detrimental supplements. But, no matter the intention of a particular ad, all of them apply some similar tactic to draw in a specific audience. Showing resistance to these ads prove to be difficult, particularly when Aristotle’s three basic rhetorical appeals of, pathos, logos, ethos, are being used. Tag body spray and the Axe body spray brands, are two different companies that attempt to draw in the same kind of audience, young males, ranging from their teens to early twenties. However, even though they both attempt to attract similar audiences, the Axe brand does a better job of appealing to their audience due to the ethos of Adolf Hitler.
Tag and Axe both apply the same tactic to attract their male audience. By using women as the focal point of their ad; they immediately gain the attention of hundreds of men. These two companies go about this simple maneuver by depicting the male in their ads, completely shrouded, and enmeshed by swarms of women. Often, the male is shown in a dominant, overbearing position, while the woman, a more submissive one, or the woman is shown dominant and the male is depicted as being powerless towards the woman’s seductive prowess. What this does to the ad is making it more noticeable, gaining the attention of people, lending them the idea that in purchasing this product they may potentially have the success of the male shown happily in the image. Not all audiences are drawn to these ads, however. In fact, despite the seeming flawless conveying of the man and woman in the Tag and Axe ads, t...
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...ey do not limit the sale of their brand strictly to an American cause; it’s because of this that they are able to attract a wider range of audience across the world. However, by using Hitler in their ad, though they may have gained more attention than their competitor (Tag), they may have also turned away some users of their brand who are not too particularly fond of Hitler. Tag, however, goes along with the same tactic of showing a powerless man being encompassed by over aggressive women. This is what makes this ad less appealing. In the Axe ad, they decided to go a step further in showing how much you should you their product, which is of course using the ethos of someone. While Tag does not, and fails to attract any newcomers to their brand. This one minor difference between the two is why I say that the Axe brand does a better job of appealing to their audience.
Advertisers all have one goal in common, that is an ad that is catching to a consumer’s attention. In today’s fast paced society there are so many selling products and charities. As I exam the advertisement for the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty for Animals (ASPCA), I will show how they use the pathos, ethos, and logos – also known as Aristotle’s Theory of Persuasion.
Popular brands and companies typically rely heavily on brand names to unfairly convince people to buy their specific product, even though another brand would likely work almost the same. In order to do this, those companies use many elements of ethos, but they also attempt to establish the superiority of their brand with logos and pathos. In the commercial, “Colgate Dentist DRTV,” the brand attempts to persuade consumers to buy Colgate Total toothpaste by presenting their name and relatable women, followed by attractive visuals, but ultimately the advertisement fails to provide enough logic to convince a well-informed audience that it truly matters which brand of toothpaste they buy, and that Colgate is better than any
In a consumer-driven society, advertisements invade the minds of every person who owns any piece of technology that can connect to the internet. Killbourne observes that “sex in advertising is pornographic because it dehumanizes and objectifies people, especially women,” (271). Advertising takes the societal ideology of women and stereotypes most kids grow up learning and play on the nerves of everyone trying to evoke a reaction out of potential customers, one that results in them buying products. Another point made
Have you ever wondered where the saying, ‘a picture says a thousand words’, come from? Well, I do not know who came up with this fantastic phrase, but nonetheless, I will be describing and analyzing two different magazine advertisements, trying to put in words what I think the advertisers wanted consumers to receive when those potential buyers viewed their ads. The two advertisements that I chose, Caress and Secret, try to encourage female consumers of all ages to purchase their hygiene products. Although both ads, Caress and Secret, appeal to the same gender with hygiene goods, they differ in design, text, and message. They attempt to please the female buyer with color, texture, and sexuality. This makes it prevalent, that the agents must grab the attention of possible buyers in order to sell their product. The advertisers must choose a variety of marketing strategies to the reach their targeted consumers.
Domestic violence advertisements regularly appear in today’s media. The topic is a live issue in the world, causing various messages to be produced. Advertisements can evoke multiple responses: Emotional, thought provoking, or ethical reactions. Advertisers use rhetorical appeals to capture its audiences’ attention. Three rhetorical appeals commonly used are Ethos, Pathos, and Logos. In a photo shopped CoverGirl ad, an argument is presented concerning CoverGirl’s continuation to be the beauty sponsor of the NFL. The only change in the new ad is the model’s makeup design. Now the model looks to have been hit. This is directed towards the NFL’s controversy about Ray Rice and other football players having committed domestic violence. Each of the
Have you ever seen an advertisement for a product and could immediately relate to the subject or the product in that advertisement? Companies that sell products are always trying to find new and interesting ways to get buyers and get people’s attention. It has become a part of our society today to always have products being shown to them. As claimed in Elizabeth Thoman’s essay Rise of the Image Culture: Re-Imagining the American Dream, “…advertising offered instructions on how to dress, how to behave, how to appear to others in order to gain approval and avoid rejection”. This statement is true because most of the time buyers are persuaded by ads for certain products.
Metaphors, a rhetorical device in the English literature are frequently used in advertising as a way to enhance the perceived value of a product and often times help to create a particular brand image. For example “Axe’s campaign focuses on the main idea of a man aggressively pursued by a multitude of young, attractive women.” This theme has been coined as “The Axe effect” and has become the main slogan for all the products. The impression that this slogan implies is that once the man applies the product, he is appeal of any attractive women he passes. Therefore mirroring the fourth law stated by Richardson, “in practice women are defined in terms of their sexual desirability to men; and men are defined in terms of their sexual prowess over
Advertisements are all over the place. Whether they are on TV, radio, or in a magazine, there is no way that you can escape them. They all have their target audience who they have specifically designed the ad for. And of course they are selling their product. This is a multi billion dollar industry and the advertiser’s study all the ways that they can attract the person’s attention. One way that is used the most and is in some ways very controversial is use of sex to sell products. For me to analyze this advertisement I used the rhetorical triangle, as well as ethos, pathos, and logos.
Common sense seems to dictate that commercials just advertise products. But in reality, advertising is a multi-headed beast that targets specific genders, races, ages, etc. In “Men’s Men & Women’s Women”, author Steve Craig focuses on one head of the beast: gender. Craig suggests that, “Advertisers . . . portray different images to men and women in order to exploit the different deep seated motivations and anxieties connected to gender identity.” In other words, advertisers manipulate consumers’ fantasies to sell their product. In this essay, I will be analyzing four different commercials that focuses on appealing to specific genders.
The Axe body wash advertisement plays into these boys’s thoughts and implies that using their product will get them girls. These boys see this ad and think that they have to buy it because they have to appear masculine and heterosexual to all their guy friends around them. “The boys have also learned that men ogle primarily to impress other men (and to affirm their heterosexuality)” (Kilbourne 468) is a quote that reaffirms the idea that Axe made their advertisement with the intent to help these boys impress other men and confirm their sexuality rather than buy it because the product is better than others or more useful than other company’s similar products. Blum, the writer of the article “Gender Blur” scientifically backs Kilbourne’s point. She states that testosterone, which is seven to ten times as more in men than females, influences behavior such as sex drive (Blum 6). The primary focus of this Axe advertisement is the female. She is what the company wants the viewer’s eye to be drawn towards. In the advertisement, the young woman shown is not seen as a person. She is seen as the consumer’s reward for using their product. The guy in the shower and the woman with the whipped cream show no connection, but instead it makes it
And based on the Axe company’s $6 billion plus in sales in 2015, their marketing plan is working. Despite many females calling the company’s ads sexist, and certain commercials going so far as to be banned from television, men still buy the products. According to Craig L. Engstrom (2012), he believes that men preform their masculinity. By researching college aged males he found, “male residents overwhelmingly display more sexual and aggressive posters.” (p. 406) Posters, and other forms of media are a reflection of what men believe their identity is. The men Engstrom studied and the men that the commercial appeals to are in the same age group, therefore sharing some of the same identities. Engstrom explains that our modern society has a limited understanding of masculinity, and stresses how dangerous this is. (Engstrom, 2012, p.
Advertisements often employ many different methods of persuading a potential consumer. The vast majority of persuasive methods can be classified into three modes. These modes are ethos, pathos, and logos. Ethos makes an appeal of character or personality. Pathos makes an appeal to the emotions. And logos appeals to reason or logic. This fascinating system of classification, first invented by Aristotle, remains valid even today. Let's explore how this system can be applied to a modern magazine advertisement.
The portrayals of men in advertising began shifting towards a focus on sexual appeal in the 1980s, which is around the same that women in advertising were making this shift as well. According to Amy-Chinn, advertisements from 1985 conveyed the message that “men no longer just looked, they were also to be looked at” as seen in advertisements with men who were stripped down to their briefs (2). Additionally, advertisements like these were influencing society to view the male body “as an objectified commodity” (Mager and Helgeson 240). This shows how advertisements made an impact on societal views towards gender roles by portraying men as sex objects, similarly to women. By showcasing men and women in little clothing and provocative poses, advertisements influenced society to perceive men and women with more sexual
Every advertisement’s purpose is to attract customers and persuade them to purchase whatever the ad is selling. Companies employ multiple techniques in attempting to do this, and the most prominent of these are ethos, logos, and pathos. These different rhetorical appeals each have different sub-purposes, as to how they aim to make their audience react, but in the end the goal is the same – to convince and persuade people to purchase the product in the advertisement. In the “Dallas Farmers Market” ad, the company made excellent use of logos, ethos, and pathos to attract multiple different audiences to their product.
Advertisers will go to any length to get the attention to their demographic. They create outlandish, eye-catching advertisements that do anything from mock another person to give exaggerated advice to their audience. Doing just that, in 2012, Axe released a new advertising campaign following the boyfriends of five different types of women in one-minute clips. Each clip pairs the five new shower gels they were releasing to the five times of girlfriends that Axe believes exists: brainy, high maintenance, flirty, sporty, and party. Each clip looks familiar, a boyfriend of a type of girl trying to make her happy, so that in return she will make him happy. The advertisement plays on strong female stereotypes to create a backbone for the clips. Then, through the use of sex, narration, and playing on the viewers emotions, the clip is strengthened to appease to their demographic. They equate being able to handle and please these types of girlfriends to being a “real man” through the use of Axe. They continue to support their past claims made in past advertisements than if you use Axe sprays or shower gels, that you will attract women and in return, receive sex.