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French revolution rebellion
French revolution rebellion
French revolution rebellion
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The Start of the French Revolution The disappointed reactions of the enraged Third Estate members who stood knocking violently at the door of the Hotel des Menus when they were locked out on June 20, 1789. The reason the Estates General was going to meet on this day was because of a recent voting conflict between the Estates General that had put the estates in deadlock for days. The Third Estate desired a change in the voting in the Estates-General, from voting by order, which the First and Second Estates wanted, to voting by head. As the Third Estate stood outside the meeting hall talking about what they would do next, after they had found out that the king had canceled the royal session because his son died and he found out about the formation of the National Assembly, which put him in great mourning, the sky began to rain. Once the rain was poring and drenching the Third Estate members, they sleeked shelter across the street in a nearby indoor tennis court. Inside the tennis court, Bailly, one of the main leaders of the Third Estate, stood on a table and voiced the ideas of Mounier, another leader. This proposal voiced by Bailly was that the Third Estate would not leave Versailles until there was a constitution which they agreed upon. This idea of Mounier's was taken in favor of a more radical reform plan proposed by Sieyes. Of the 577 members, all but one accepted this oath. This oath, which would change Mother France forever, was known as the Tennis Court Oath. Another key player in the Tennis Court Oath was Mirabeau. On June 23, 1789 he reminded King Louis XVI of the oath the Third Estate had taken on the 20th and also said that the Third Estate would not leave the meeting hall till the Estates General could vote by he... ... middle of paper ... ...As they marched through the streets, more women came out of their houses and off the street to join them. The women were armed with pitch forks, muskets, pikes, swords, bludgeons, crowbars, and scythes as they marched through the rain. When the women reached Versailles, they stormed through the gates. The women demanded bread while they stood in the palace of Versailles sopping wet and muddy. The King was scared and overwhelmed by group of people that stood before him. Since the national assembly had most of the power in the country of France and the king had very little, the king gave in to the women's demands. He then told the women that he would have all of the bread in Versailles ordered out to them. But more than bread arrived in Paris. The King decided to move his court to Paris was well, a decision that would have dire consequences as the revolution unfolded.
In France from 1788-1789, the supply of grains used for bread and other products fell shorter than their regular level. This was due to the poor harvests at the time, causing the price of bread to rise greatly in 1789. In October of that year, popular markets in France had food shortages that evoked anger and apprehension among the women at the market place. These shortages initiated the market women to take action and march to Versailles armed with muskets and pitchforks in order to confront King Louis XVI about this issue, as it was the king’s job to provide food for the people of Paris. On their way, a great angry mob of men and women alike began to develop. At the Chateau of Versailles, there was a struggle between the soldiers guarding the castle and the mob causing many deaths. The women’s demand for the king supplying food and violent riot persuaded King Louis XVI to return to Paris. The royal family relocated to the Tuileries Palace in the center of Paris and never returned to Versailles. King Louis XVI could longer avoid the politics and rising tensions in Paris. Now he is right in the center of it and could not escape it. The significance of this daring act showed how much authority the common people had over royalty. The power no longer belonged to King Louis XVI and Queen Marie. With the King now in Paris, the royal family was vulnerable in the revenge seeking
Under the Ancien Regime, French Society was divided into three estates. The first estate consisted of clergy. They included archbishops, bishops, abbots, parish priests, monks and nuns. They were exempt from taxation. However, the Assembly of the clergy, dominated by bishops, negotiated with the King to make an annual payment to the crown, know as the “don gratuit”. It was always much less than they would have paid in normal taxation and was under 5% of the clerical income. They made up 2% of the population. The First Estate owned nearly 10 per cent of all land in France and therefore was the single largest landowner in France. Also, the top people in the church also held important government posts, the third estate resented this a lot. The second estate was made up of nobles and they were the most powerful. They managed to pay much less then they should have for the capitation and the vingtieme (taxes). They were also generally exempt from the most onerous tax of all, the taille. . Nobles were generally the richest members of the society. The nobles held nearly all the highest positions ...
The French and American Revolutions were derived amongst similar motivations to better their governments. However, they differ on other levels based on their actions and outcomes. The American and French revolutions both wanted its citizens to be viewed as equals, just as well as allow them to have some natural rights. Sovereignty however is, viewed differently by the two parties. The core reason for each revolution differs, but they both have the same ending results of a declarations document. Both documents are composed based off enlightenment thinkers John Locke’s Second Treatise of Government and Jean Jacques Rousseau’s Social Contract. The Declaration of Independence was mostly Locke’s theory. While the Declaration of the Rights of Man favored both theories.
“A leading cause of social stress in France during the Revolution was its large population… 90 percent of the peasants lived at or below the subsistence level, earning only enough to feed their families… Many impoverished peasants blamed the tensions between the rich and poor on the country’s vast social differences” (Exploring the Revolution, 2001). To understand the difference between the importance of the Tennis Court Oath and the storming of the Bastille for the course of the Revolution, the proceedings beforehand prior to these events must be understood. Unrest was building between the rich and poor in the late 17th century and something needed to be done to help the poor peasants in the countryside. The importance key events: The Tennis
During the late 1700's, two great revolutions occurred, the American Revolution and the French Revolution. These two historical events happened at the same time, but had a great number of differences and very little similarity. When French Revolution occurred, it turned into a very violent and bloody event, while the American Revolution was almost nonviolent, aside from the war. In 1774, King Louis XVI made a decision that could have prevented the French Revolution by breathing new life into the French economy: he appointed Physiocrat Robert Turgot as Controller General of Finance.
The French Revolution evokes many different emotions and controversial issues in that some believe it was worth the cost and some don't. There is no doubt that the French Revolution did have major significance in history. Not only did the French gain their independence, but an industrial revolution also took place. One of the main issues of the Revolution was it's human costs. Two writers, the first, Peter Kropotkin who was a Russian prince, and the other Simon Schama, a history professor, both had very opposing views on whether the wars fought by France during the Revolution were worth it's human costs. Krapotkin believed that the French Revolution was the main turning point for not only France but for most other countries as well. On the other hand, Schama viewed the French Revolution as unproductive and excessively violent.
The Real Cause of the French Revolution For hundreds of years historians have tried to find out the real cause
During the summer of 1793, the radical phase of the French Revolution was intensified by the Terror, created by The Committee of Public Safety. The Terror successfully preserved the Revolution by weeding out counter-revolutionaries to eliminate corruption within the government and giving equality to all social classes which untied France under one government. However, these successes were undermined by the many failures of the Terror due to the oppression of citizens which would lead to many executions and the paranoid slaughtering of citizens from all social classes which led to the changes in support of the Revolution.
The later 18th century was a time of crisis for the old regimes of Europe and their economic systems and political agitation sometimes breaking out into revolts. English Industrial Revolution vaulted Britain to the fore. France was the most powerful and the most typical of the old aristocratic absolute monarchies of Europe. (lower taxes off backs of lower classes).
The population of France had changed quite a bit since 1614. The people that were not aristocratic members of the Third Estate represented ninety-eight percent of the people, but still were able to be outvoted by the other two bodies. Leading up to the meeting on May 5th, the Third Estate started to mobilize for support for equal representation and the abolishment of the noble veto, in other words, they wanted voting by head not by the status. All the orders shared common desires for fiscal and judicial reform as well as more representation in the form of government, the nobles started to get upset that they would be giv...
Historians have debated many years over the causes of the French Revolution. Most agree that the main reason for the uprising was the Ancien Regime, which was the economic and social system in France. Under this system, the peasants of France had few rights, and the majority of the people lived in extreme poverty. Entire families survived on about three livres a day, or twelve dollars. This made peasants angry, especially because French aristocrats did not have to lift a finger and lived in the lap of luxury. Also, the price of bread was rising due to several years of bad harvests. The fact that France was also about one hundred fifty million livres in debt from participating in many wars, including the American Revolutionary War, did not do anything to make the people any happier. An additional reason to revolt was King Louis XVI. He tried to help the lower classes, but he was indecisive and would back down if faced with a strong opposition. Also, his political opponents distributed pamphlets telling falsehoods about him, which made people distrust the monarchy even more. The Enlightenment brought to the peasants the idea that they should be economically and socially equal with the aristocrats. Finally, the people of France hated Queen Marie Antoinette, whom they thought was wasteful with money and an Austrian spy.
During the eighteenth century, France was one of the most richest and prosperous countries in Europe, but many of the peasants were not happy with the way France was being ruled. On July 14, 1789, peasants and soldiers stormed the Bastille and initiated the French Revolution. This essay will analyze the main causes of the French Revolution, specifically, the ineffectiveness of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, the dissatisfaction of the Third Estate, and the Enlightenment. It will also be argued that the most significant factor that caused the French Revolution is the ineffective leadership of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.
During the late 18th century, both France and the British colonies in America experienced wars the opened the eyes of nations. The French Revolution and American Revolution drastically changed political thinking. In the French Revolution, monarchism was abandoned and political power was given to the people until the country became out of control, and a military dictatorship was necessary to regain control of France. In the American Revolution, a new nation was formed as the British colonies tore themselves away from the English monarchy. In the end, both France and the new United States of America moved away from absolute rule by a king or queen and wanted to put the political power in the hands of their people. However, there are many differences as well as similarities along the way to their political reformation.
The people of the Third Estate were also being treated unfairly and unjustly. The tax system was another contribution of the revolution. The nobles and clergy would tax the rest of the people by voting. Since the people were divided into sections, each section would count as one vote, despite the fact that the First and Second Estate was only made up of two percent of the population. Also, the nobles and clergy were usually exempt from paying the taxes. This made the people angry. The tax system resulted in the Tennis Court Oath. Members of the Third Estates met there to gather and talk about the problems.
The French Revolution, which occurred from 1789 to 1799, was a time where the monarchy was overthrown, a republic was formed, and limits were put on the church. The French Revolution ended with the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1799. The French Revolution created France’s legislative assembly, which is still in place today. Many would argue that the Enlightment was a cause of the French Revolution, but the Enlightment was not one of the main drivers for the Revolution. The bad living conditions, France’s monarchy, and the involvement in the American Revolution and other wars caused the French Revolution.