The Similarity of Cambridge to Central Ilford
The aim of this chapter is to outline and discuss the similarities
between two urban areas, Central Ilford and Cambridge, so that a
greater understanding of City Centres can be achieved. It will test
the hypothesis, not all town and city centres are the same. Results
from geographical skills will be used to complete the task..
An environmental survey, questionnaire, land use survey will be
carried out for Ilford to compare different aspects. The journey by
punt could not be performed, as the River Roding in Ilford is not used
for recreation.
Cambridge and Central Ilford have many similarities. First of all, the
environment in both areas varied across the urban area. Ilford lane
scored a total of 19 in the environmental quality survey. This is
similar to East Road and St. Andrews Street in Cambridge, as the
quality of the environment in these areas was generally poor. These
areas are noisy. Ilford lane is noisy because of the traffic, which
means that buses, lorries, and cars dominated the roads. Also the vast
amount of convenience shops on Ilford Lane means that there are loads
of people making noise. This is similar to Cambridge as its main
purpose is to take traffic in and out of the Central Business
District.
The buildings are more functional then attractive. In Ilford Lane the
shops are very busy and there is less time to properly maintain the
shop fronts. St. Andrews Street has the same problem.
There is litter, dirt, and graffiti in every area in both centres.
Ilford Lane, and Ilford High Road are similar to East Road and St.
Andrews Street. Ilford Lane, despite having many rubbish bins, is
polluted with litter, which is normally dumped on the kerb where it
will be collected some time. Also, as there are loads of people eating
and drinking things from the many restaurants, the litter increases
because people do not use the rubbish bins provided. This was also the
scene in some places in Cambridge.
Finally in 1991, the federal government initiated a ‘Better Cities Program’ which aimed to make Australian cities sustainable and more liveable. It encoura...
The New England and the Southern colonial settlements were united in several areas that created the opportunity for each group of colonies to grow. However, these groups of colonies took divergent paths when it came to the founders’ motives to settle the New World, the importance of religious and social orientation, economic approaches and political developments. These different approaches were ultimately successful beyond the early founders’ expectations.
The New England and Southern colonies, although they had their differences, did share a similar government system. However, the differences on a economic, religious, and social level overrode the similarity shared, making the two regions different nonetheless. The New England’ colonies focus on a business economy made them a central area of trade and commerce, but in the long run created society open to innovation and brought in new inventions. Whereas the Southern colonies’ focus on agriculture economy brought a sensation of profits for the mother country, but later attributed to the introduction of slave codes. Then, in the New England colonies, the religious restrictions increased tensions between the Separatists and Puritans, which later
Urban and the Council of Clermont There are many accounts of that day in November, 1095. Some were written by monks, others by bishops, and even a few by warriors themselves. Historians are constantly asking, "What exactly did Pope Urban II say at the council of Clermont to persuade Christians to set forth on such a difficult venture as the Crusades?" One man, an early 12th century cleric named Fulcher of Chartres wrote perhaps the best historical chronicle of the events at Clermont and the speech of Urban II.
During the 1800’s, the lower class of London was so large, it basically formed its own city. With a large population and improper disposal of wastes the city became covered in excrement and rotting food. Because London became so unsanitary, many worked jobs to try and remove some of the waste and make use with what they could. Many of the lower class citizens preformed these unsafe and unsanitary jobs of removing waste in order to try and make or find enough money to survive. I feel that today it is still seen that people of a lower economic
In his book, Rockdale, Anthony F.C. Wallace explores the relationship between the products of technology and social organization. Wallace focuses his study on the fairly small village of Rockdale, an environment that is intended to reflect a significant part of the American industrial experience of the nineteenth century.
Living in New England may tempt some, and outright be a daunting, almost horrific thought for some. And this is by newer standards of living, and living in the colonial age, when there was less technology to build certain living arrangements, “New England appealed least of all to the businessmen and bureaucrats of the parent country” England. ( p 27) The terrain of northern New England was thin in soil and loaded with rocks, and with only one river that was navigable to the colonists. On the flip side of things, the fishing seemed to be profitable to the New Englanders, but we will get to that later. There was an individual by the name of Champlain that scouted, or sent out scouting expeditions, in search of land that could be used to farm. His teams noticed a trend among Natives, that among the southern border of New England,
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In about 240 AD the temple of Mithras, or, the cult of Mithras, was built on the east bank of the Walbrook stream in Londinium (Museum of London). The romans believed that each individuals place had a “genius”, which the rational powers and abilities of every human being were attributed to their soul, and this “genius” was the gods (Lewis). Mithras was the god of heavenly light who was adopted to the Roman world from Persia and the eastern Mediterranean. The cult of Mithras was organized as a secret society for men only, mostly army man, which demanded honesty, purity and courage from its followers (Museum of London).
Industrialization, or the process of developing and increasing the production of various industries, has been a highly controversial subject since its beginning in the mid-eighteenth century. Hated by the romantics and loved by the economists, industrialization was a necessary step from the past into the present. In addition to adding jobs to the market and proving that population could undergo exponential growth, industrialization caused a boom in the creation of towns. As factories sprang up along rivers, previously small towns such as Liverpool and Manchester grew massively in size almost overnight. In fact, the town of Manchester is considered a perfect model for early and middle industrial life. Over time, Manchester, like all other industrial towns, grew and changed to adapt to various social and political outcries of the time. Manchester, over the course of 100 years, grew from a small town to a booming city that perfectly exemplified the industrial era.
The original intent of street development in our country appeared to be for the legitimate reasons of postal service and agricultural shipping routes. Not until the automobile industry and economic opportunists got involved did the transportation system in America start to change. The system of buses and streetcars in the cities appeared to be functioning reasonably well. The theory of “if it’s not broke, don’t fix it” was not applied here. The auto industry convinced numerous cities to rid their streets of the streetcars and cut back on bus transportation. Overall results were good, for the auto industry. Urban centers started to lose large portions of their downtown populations to urban flight out of the city. The stereotypical suburban style living be...
With more needs for nature experience and sustainable development in urban areas, increasing importance has been attached to urban open spaces since they play a crucial role to support the ecology system and form a natural network in the cities (Chiesura, 2004; Tzoulas et al., 2007). Urban open spaces include plazas, parks, campus, greenways and other green spaces. They serve as islands of nature, enriching urban landscapes, adjusting the microclimate, promoting biodiversity and providing habitats for other species (Chiesura, 2004; Do, Kim, Kim, & Joo, 2014; Morimoto, 2011). Apart from these benefits, they also show a great impact on urban dwellers’ health, since open spaces offer places for outdoor activities and opportunities for contact with nature (Chiesura, 2004). Tyrväinen et al. (2014) indicated that even short-term visits to urban green spaces have positive psychological and physiological effects on perceived stress relief. People were attracted to urban open spaces for physical activities, social interactions, and a relief from daily life, which benefit their mental and physical health (Thwaites, Helleur, & Simkins, 2005). A large epidemiological study in Britain looked at mortality and morbidity among three income levels in relation to urban residents’ access to green open space (Mitchell & Popham,
When thinking about the good city naturally every person imagines a physical condition to be improved but the physical environment is not the only force that shapes the city. For example, city and urban society cannot be detached (Lefebvre, 1970/2003). Hence the urban society is, combined with the city, an important force in urban development.
The development of urban transportation has not changed with the cities; cities have changed with transportation. This chapter offers an insight into the Past and the future of Urban transportation and is split up into a number of different sections. It includes a timeline of the different forms of transport innovations, starting from the earliest stages of urban transport, dating back to the omnibus (the first type of urban transportation) and working in a chronological order until eventually reaching the automobile. However, these changes in Urban transport did not happen for no reason. Different factors within society meant urban transport needed to evolve; points will be made on why society needed this evolution. In contrast I will observe the problems urban transport has caused in society as a result of its rapid progression. Taking account of both arguments for the evolution of urban transport, I will look at where it will go in the future.
The reason the industrial revolution started in England was because The country England had great characteristics such as Capital, Land, and Labor.