The Significance of Interspecies Communication
"Koko is the kind of daughter who, even at 32 likes to settle into her mom's lap and cuddle. Never mind that she is 300 pounds" (Adams 1999). When Koko, a baby gorilla at the San Francisco Zoo, was adopted by her mother, Dr. Francine "Penny" Patterson, she was suffering from malnutrition. Koko, one of the most recognized gorillas in the world, is able to communicate with humans through American Sign Language or Ameslan, the hand of the deaf, used by an estimated 200,000 deaf Americans (Patterson 1978). Koko is famous for her ability to communicate with humans and her active role in saving her endangered species.
Patterson inherited an interest in psychology from her father who was an educational psychology professor at the University of Illinois. In 1970, Patterson earned her undergraduate degree in developmental psychology from the University of Illinois, after discovering that she was far more interested in the make up of the animal brain. She later attended Stanford University, where she first encountered a chimpanzee using sign language to communicate with humans (Adams 1999). Soon after that, she became fascinated with Koko and the possibility of working with her in the same manner as the chimpanzees in the video. .
The name Hanabi-Ko, which is Japanese for "Fireworks Child," was given to the gorilla, because of her Fourth of July birthday and Koko became her nickname (Patterson 1978). In 1972, when Dr. Patterson first visited Koko in the San Francisco Zoo, Koko was a three month-old lowland gorilla playing with her mother. After nine months, Dr. Patterson finally convinced the zoo director to let her teach Koko sign language. On her first visit, "Patterson greeted ...
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Dr. Sue began is education at the University of Oregon where he earned his Bachelor of Science Degree in 1966. He immediately proceeded to the University of California, Los Angeles, and earned in Master’s Degree the following year. And finally in 1971, Stanley Sue earned his Doctorate of Philosophy in 1971. Dr. Sue, shortly after getting his doctorate, began work as an Assistant and Associate Professor of Psychology at the University of Washington. After 10 years at the University of Washington, Dr. Sue became a professor of psychology at the University of California in Los Angeles. Then in 1996, Dr. Sue moved to the University of California, Davis, and became a professor of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Asian American Studies Program. While he was at University of California, Davis, Dr. Sue, became the director for the Asian American Studies P...
She is considered to be the worlds expert on chimpanzees and is known for her fifty-five year study of social interactions of wild chimpanzees in Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania. She also has worked expansively on conservation and animal welfare issues. Goodall began studying in 1960 because she didn’t have training directing her research, Goodall payed closer attention to things that other professionals may have looked over. Instead of numbering the chimps Goodall observed, she gave them names. She witnessed these animals to have distinct personalities, which was an alternative idea at the time. Goodall found that, “it isn’t only human beings who have personality, who are capable of rational thought and emotions like joy and sorrow.” She observed many behaviors such as kisses, hugs, and tickling, which was considered only to be “human” interactions. Goodall reported that this is evidence of the supportive and loving bonds that develop amongst family members and other chimps within the community. Her findings suggest the connections and similarities between human and chimpanzees other than just genes alone, but can be seen in emotion, intellect, and domestic and social relationships. Goodall watched as chimps made and used tools in their everyday life, which challenged the belief that humans were the only toolmakers and users of them. In contrast to the affectionate
Due to all of Jane Goodall’s consecutive studies and patience, the world wouldn’t have as much insight into a primate’s life as of today. Early in her life she always had a fascination of animals, especially chimpanzees. She began her journey as a young British woman with determination and ended by traveling to Tanzania, Africa. It was there when she became more in depth with herself and the chimpanzees. Living in the jungles, Goodall documented the everyday lives to our closest relative. She carved the need to conserve the earth into the world with her logical advances and new discoveries. She had touched the hearts of many animal-loving people and received many awards and achievements for her cause. From the early 20th century to current time, Jane Goodall has influenced the world by her engaged dedication to the observations of chimpanzees and through the scientific studies from her books, articles,
Starting when Goodall was a young girl, there were several important events that led to her success with chimps. Ever since Goodall was a young girl, she has loved animals and the outdoors. When Goodall was only two years old she became upset and started crying when a man killed a dragonfly that was buzzing around her baby carriage. Throughtout her childhood her favorite toy was a stuffed chimpanzee named Jubilee. Ever since then, she knew that she wanted to work with chimps. In 1957, Goodall first set foot into Africa when Dr. Louis Leak...
For this paper, we will be talking about relational communications and Goffman’s terms. The definition of relational communication is “communication processes in personal relationships such as romantic, family, and friendships. We assess the role of communication in developing, maintaining, and dissolving relationships, how communication impacts partners and their relationships, and how to improve relational quality or individual well-being through communication. Recent topics examined include conflict mediation, relational standards, relational uncertainty in dating relationships, and communication environments in families” (n.d.). As it has said, it is about the relationships in our life. Goffman also stated that there was a front and
Muther, Elizabeth. "Bambara's Feisty Girls: Resistance Narratives in "Gorilla, My Love"." African American Review 36.3 (2002):447-459. Web.
During week 4, we became familiar with the application of ethics in the nursing practice settings. We learned about ethical theories and principles, which are crucial when practicing in any clinical settings during ethical decision-making and while facing one or multiple ethical dilemmas. Also, we were introduced to the MORAL model used in ethical decision – making progress. The MORAL model is the easiest model to use in the everyday clinical practice, for instance at bedside nursing. This model can be applyed in any clinical settings and its acronyms assist
Dierckx De Casterle B., Izumi S., and Godfrey N. S. & Denhaerynck K. "Nurses' responses to ethical dilemmas in nursing practice: meta-analysis." Journal of Advanced Nursing (2008): 540-549.
... the gorillas are taken away from their family and are living in captivity. It is still important to study primates in-depth, and a solution to the ethical issues may be to breed primates within the conservatory.
Ethics and integrity are essential parts of the nursing profession since they provide nurses with the capacity for weighing in on the impacts that their actions may have on the profession (Guido, 2014). However, maintaining high levels of ethics and integrity may create significant challenges for nurses some of which impact on their position as healthcare providers. One of the key challenges that nurses experience as part of their profession is increased cases of ethical dilemmas some of which impact on their abilities to make decisions based on the interests of their patients. The nursing code of ethics indicates the need for nurses to ensure that the decisions or actions they take reflect on the interests
Ethics are based on one’s character and understanding as to what is right or wrong. Although most people have the general understanding to everyday ethics, it is important for a nurse to be aware of the formal study of ethical issues that appear throughout the profession. In fact, ethics are such a
The gorilla, named Ishmael, can communicate telepathically. Communicating with him in this fashion, the narrator learns Ishmael’s background - in which the gorilla was stolen from the wild and displayed in a menagerie, then rescued by a Holocaust survivor who taught him his name and how to learn. Impressed, the narrator decides to accept his teachings, returning to Ishmael's office throughout the story.
The physical characteristics of a gorilla are, the male may be from a height of 5.5 ft and a weight of about 400 lbs. The female can be as tall as 5 ft. and weight almost about half the weight of the male. Their skull is pretty much similar to ours, but their bones are thicker. The gorillas spin...
Jane Goodall’s books, Through a Window, In the Shadow of Man, and The Chimpanzees of Gombe, recount her many years as an observer of chimpanzees and other species of monkeys. In Through a Window, she gives her account of thirty years with chimpanzees in the village of Gombe, off of Lake Tanganyika. During those thirty years with her son and husband, she observed and researched the chimpanzees with the help of other researchers. This book is a collection of the observations and data, in addition to the emotions she felt during this era. The theme of Through a Window is that chimpanzees have very human characteristics and feelings, and she proves this through her descriptions of love, war, power, and life in general.
Koko has helped us understand that humans and gorillas are really not that different. Like us they have forward facing eyes, ears on the sides of their heads, four fingers and a thumb on each hand. They are just like us inside too. Gorillas are smart. They think and have feelings. Most of the time, they are happy and playful, but sometimes they can feel sad or afraid. Koko laughs when she’s tickled and cries out when she’s sad. Koko even knows when she is being naughty.