Henry, John. (2001). The scientific revolution and the origins of modern science. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Publishing
The first record of the movement of the planets was produced by Nicolaus Copernicus. He proposed that the earth was the center of everything, which the term is called geocentric. Kepler challenged the theory that the sun was the center of the earth and proposed that the sun was the center of everything; this term is referred to as heliocentric. Kepler’s heliocentric theory was accepted by most people and is accepted in today’s society. One of Kepler’s friends was a famous person named Galileo. Galileo is known for improving the design and the magnification of the telescope. With improvement of the telescope Galileo could describe the craters of the moon and the moons of Jupiter. Galileo also created the number for acceleration of all free falling objects as 9.8 meters per second. Galileo’s and Kepler’s theories were not approved by all people. Their theories contradicted verses in the bible, so the protestant church was extremely skeptical of both Galileo and Kepler’s
The essay starts off by stating, “One could say that the dominant scientific world-view going into the 16th century was not all that “scientific” in the modern sense of the
The Scientific revolution in the 16th and 17th centuries changed the way that people views the world. Scientific philosophers such as Galileo and Descartes threw out the old teachings of the church and challenged them with new ways of thinking. These men sought to prove that rational thought could prove the existence of God. They also challenged that it was an understanding of a series of rational thoughts, not faith, would bring understanding of how the world worked. Traditional ways of thinking were ultimately challenged by logical and sensible rationale.
Eighteenth Century Europe was in turmoil, “characterized by dramatic revolutions in science, philosophy, society and politics” (Bristow, 2011, para. 1). Revolution was afoot in France, while earlier scientific discoveries from Copernicus to Newton drastically changed how humans understood the world. Empiricism and Skepticism rose with modern science to challenge the prevailing Rationalism (Murphy, 2010).
In conclusion, Jack Repcheck has really succeeded in his major purposes of writing this book. He has given a precise and in-depth human explanation of the events that led to the scientific revolution. He has explained thoroughly the political, human, and cultural factors that eventually paved the way for the revolution. The author has brought this scientific genius to life in a manner that has never been achieved in the past. He has revealed some of the little known weak character traits of Copernicus at the time of his major theories. Copernicus’s secret mistress and other scandals, together with his earlier intention to hide his work, are some of the little known facts about him that the author reveals in the book.
In addition to this, the authority of the Roman Catholic Church, which had always held that the motion of the universe was controlled by God, was now questioned by many. In response, this set the Roman Catholic Church as a natural opponent of the Scientific Revolution. This was because the new information contradicted the Church’s world view not because of opposition to new ideas or scientific exploration itself. Fortunately, the Scientific Revolution happened moderately over approximately a one hundred and fifty year period so society and the Church had time to adjust to the revolutionary new thoughts.
During the sixteenth and seventeenth century a revolution was occurring, one that helped shape todays life in all aspects. The intellectual development that occurred during this time period is significant due to the fact that much of these scientists’ ideals are still used to this day. The scientific revolution spurred society into a modernized culture; socially and politically. This revolution in the sixteenth and seventeenth century brought on a new way of life, thinking, and how the church interacted in society as well as in an individual’s everyday life. The social and political development that came out of this time period has greatly shaped today’s in that much of what was studied has transformed the way we think. Many of these great thinkers challenged what those around them knew.
The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment period were both a time of immense growth in scientific discovery and an increase in the secular view of the world. The Scientific Revolution would include the use of direct observation and experimentation, dependence on mathematical confirmation, and inventions to test new scientific discoveries (Kwak). The new discoveries of the Scientific Revolution led the growing number of literate middle class individuals in the Enlightenment period. This growth of enlightened individuals led to more intellectual and cultural attitudes that shaped modern history throughout the world (Fiero, 134). This paper will analyze the impact of the
One of my most valuable tools for research was Floris Cohen’s The Scientific Revolution: A Historiographical Inquiry (University of Chicago Press, 1994). This book amounted to the foundation of my research and was my main resource utilized for analysis because it detailed a comprehensive investigation on all written material regarding the Scientific Revolution from the beginning stages to more recent historical interpretations. Cohen elaborated on several key issues that were relevant topics throughout the entire Scientific Revolution that early historians contributed to.
Cherubin, Rose. "The Scientific Revolution of the 17th Century." The Scientific Revolution of the 17th Century. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2013.
Revolution is a change in the already existing system. A revolution is defined more by its results and identified as a revolution after it has started. A revolution brings instant changes that could’ve taken hundreds of years, but began the change automatically. In most political revolutions, violence is usually involved. Examples of this would be the French Revolution and the Russian Revolution. Non political movements that produce revolutionary changes are also termed as revolutions because of such a change they’ve made in history. The Scientific Revolution, the Enlightenment, and the Industrial Revolution are evident towards revolution because of how big of an altar they caused the world.
The Scientific revolution and The Enlightenment period overlapped by a hundred years and were co-occurring between 1650-1750. The Scientific Revolution happening first and beginning around 1600, was a period of time when new ideas and tools were created and used to experiment with the physical world, occurring between 1600-1750. New methods increased learning capacities across the board and toward what was thought of as “human perfectibility”, old ideas were put through a new test of empirical reasoning. Galileo Galilei made advances in astronomy by advancing the design of already existing telescopes by add a 30 power magnification, as a result he received major opposition from the Roman Catholic church (Landmarks 295). During this time Francis Bacon also made a plea for separation between science and religion in his 1620 writing “Novum Organum”.
German astronomer Johannes Kepler is the least popular of the major scientists in the Scientific Revolution, but his contributions have a lasting impact on society. Kepler supported the heliocentric model of the universe, which states that all planets revolve around the sun. He believed God created the universe with a special structure and the planets were spaced between Platonic solids. Kepler thought God created six planets in the solar system because there are only 5 Platonic solids. Though, this theory was incorrect, most of his significant contributions were inspired by this belief. Kepler is most well known for his universal laws of planetary motion. His first law states that planets move around the sun in elliptical orbits around two
In the history of the Catholic Church, no episode is so contested by so many viewpoints as the condemnation of Galileo. The Galileo case, for many, proves the Church abhors science, refuses to abandon outdated teachings, and is clearly not infallible. For staunch Catholics the episode is often a source of embarrassment and frustration. Either way it is undeniable that Galileo’s life sparked a definite change in scientific thought all across Europe and symbolised the struggle between science and the Catholic Church.