ENERGY SAVING
INDEX
1. Introduction
2. Improvements to the insulation of the structure of the houses
2.1 Draught-proofing
2.2 Wall insulation
2.3 Floor insulation
2.4 Windows
2.5 Roof insulation
3. Energy Audit
4. Examine methods of supplying
4.1 Air source heat pumps
4.2 Ground Source Heat Pumps
4.3 Solar panels (PV)
4.4 Solar water heating
4.5 Thermal stores
4.6 Wood-fuelled heating
5. Critical analysis of the performance
5.1 Air source heat pumps
5.2 Ground Source heat pumps
5.3 Solar Panels
5.4 Solar Water Heating
5.5 Wood-fuelled heating
6. Bibliography
1. Introduction
Currently, there is an excessive consumption of energy in buildings, which constitutes an obstacle to the achievement of the assumptions inherent in the development and sustainable construction sector. For this reason, efforts should be develop to enable the construction of energy efficient buildings, which relies on the adoption of a set of techniques aimed at reducing the energy consumption of the building throughout its life cycle, and at the same time ensuring comfort to the occupants.
2. Improvements to the insulation of the structure of the houses
2.1 Draught-proofing
Is one of the most efficient ways to save energy and also one of the cheapest. Draughts are a little like ventilation, both let fresh air into the house. Adequate ventilation helps reduce condensation and humidity, however draughts are uncontrolled: they let in a lot of cold air and lose heat.
To draught-proof the house, must block up unwanted gaps that allow cold air in and hot air out. Saving hot air means that less energy will be used to heat the home, making the house comfortable and pleasant ...
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...s absorbed throughout the months and years that the plant was growing. The process is sustainable until new plants continue to grow in place of those used for fuel.
6. Bibliography
http://sites.fct.unl.pt/geotpu/files/construcao_sustentavel_-_propostas_de_melhoria_da_eficiencia_energetica_em_edificios_de_habitacao.pdf
http://www.epa.gov/greenhomes/ReduceEnergy.htm
http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Insulation/Solid-wall-insulation
http://www.cse.org.uk/advice/advice-and-support/solid-wall-insulation--
internal
http://www.which.co.uk/energy/creating-an-energy-saving-home/guides/floor-insulation/
http://www.planlocal.org.uk/media/transfer/doc/energy_survey_enabled.pdf
http://www.planlocal.org.uk/media/transfer/doc/energy_survey_enabled.pdf
http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Insulation/Roof-and-loft-insulation
So, after learning about what photosynthesis is and how it truly works is something that is remarkable and how plants are really the only living thing that uses this process. Such as photosynthesis is the process of taking in carbon dioxide (CO2), which is a gas that is exhaled from animals and goes into the air and is absorbed into a plant, water (H2O) which is absorbed through the roots of a plant or known as capillary action, sun light is absorbed through chloroplasts which contains chlorophyll or better known as the leaves of the plant. Sun light is what helps break down and rearranges the atoms of these two, which produces sugars (glucose, C6H12O6), and this is photosynthesis at its finest. With the photosynthesis process the plant can create a by-product known as oxygen gas which is released through the little pores into the atmosphere (Simon, Dickey, Hogan & Reece, n.d.). Photosynthesis is something that helps the plants to grow but it is also very beneficial to us for the fact that we need to breath oxygen to maintain our functions of life. Plants produce an abundant supply of energy that is stored because they are what I would like to call savers/hoarders. Plants store the extra energy that they produce into different things such as potatoes, carrots, and other different types of food in which we use to
The photosynthesis process helps plants to grow and survive before being converted into ethanol. Fossil fuels, however, is a non-renewable energy source.Thousand years are needed for fossil ...
You will benefit by having a quieter home when you install new glass panes in your home. The insulated glass acts as a noise reducer. It helps reduce sound transmission to make your home quieter.
...also save energy by using motion censoring for doors and sinks. The dining rooms and foyers should have dim-able light switches. Another way to save a lot of energy is to make a master switch at the front door that turns off all lights. That way you never leave a light on when you aren't at home. You should use natural gas cook tops and ovens to cut down on electricity.
Sustainable design seeks to reduce negative impacts on the environment, the health and comfort of building occupants, thereby improving building performance. The basic objects of sustainability are to reduce consumption of non-renewable resources, minimal waste, and create healthy, productive environments (“Sustainable Design”). Focusing primarily on the sustainable design principles, there are five, including: low-impact materials, energy efficiency, quality and durability, design for reuse and recycling, and renewability. As sustainability appears to become the necessary trend in architecture, the question concerning the cost versus outcome of “going green” really an investment or a waste of time and money comes to mind. With our research provided below, we believe the expenses may truly be with the investment in the end.
Well-recognized cities worldwide have built over the years great buildings with a variety of designs and concepts however consequently too much building has been making grievous decrease on energy efficiency. Now, “Green Architecture” has been popularized and as a result a modicum of energy efficiency has increased and also it has substantiated a new perspective, a new versatile way on architecture.
Life changed immensely in the 20th century as air conditioning and refrigeration systems became more efficient and controllable. Air Conditioning and Refrigeration play important roles in providing human comfort, food processing, storage, and many other industrial processes. We chose this topic because our life would be difficult without AC and Refrigeration. This paper will talk about the history of air conditioning and refrigeration, the role of engineers in designing and building it, people’s life before and after air conditioning and refrigeration, and finally Applications in the area of achievements and future developments.
Implementation of green concepts has been significant not only in design engineering but also in construction. Therefore the knowledge about green design has been a very important fact for the sustainable development in civil engineering. Concepts such as green buildings, carbon foot print, ecological foot print and LEED rating system have helped to achieve sustainable development for civil engineering
Phytoextraction is the uptake and storage of pollutants in the plants stem or leaves. Some plants, called hyperaccumulators, draw pollutants through the roots. After the pollutants accumulate in the stem and leaves the plants are harvested. Then plants can be either burned or sold. Even if the plants cannot be used, incineration and disposal of the plants is still cheaper than traditional remediation methods. As a comparison, it is estimated a site containing 5000 tons of contaminated soil will produce only 20-30 tons of ash (Black, 1995). This method is particularly useful when remediating metals. Some metals are also being recycled from the ash.
There are various ways which one can space heat their house. The most common way is to use a furnace, however, stoves, fireplaces, electric resistance heaters and electrically powered heat pumps can also be used to heat the house. Furnaces run mostly off natural gas and tend to be around 60-90% efficient. Older units can be as low as 50% efficient. Electric resistance heaters are usually around 100% efficient at producing heat. However, this statistic is slightly misleading when thinking about total efficiency because you must account for the electric energy being consumed by the heater. Power plants are only able to produce electric energy from natural gas at about 35% efficiency. Consequently, electricity is more expensive than natural gas to produce, making electric resistance heaters more expensive to operate. This energy cost must also be accounted for when adding up the total cost of electric resistance heating.
Despite the fact that novel technologies are continuously under development to complement existing practices in coming up with greener buildings, the universal intent is that such structures are designed to diminish the general effect on the built environment on health of the humans in addition to the natural environment via: Diminishing environmental degradation, pollution and waste, improving productivity of the employee and guarding occupant health, efficient usage of water, energy, in addition to other resources.
Energy Efficiency refers to the use of energy on the same level, performance, comfort, suitability. As the world progress through technologies, more energy is required to power the world through various sources. Society has reached a point of our civilization when electricity is used for all purposes and therefore our presence will be impossible without it. However increasing amount of energy used will lead to numerous social and economic problems. Electricity demand is increasing twice as fast as overall energy use and is likely to rise by more than two-thirds 2011 to 2035. In 2012, 42% of primary energy used was converted into electricity. In the near future, cities will need to become increasingly energy efficient to deal with them. There are three strategies to attain energy efficiency which have their benefits.
Sustainable buildings are becoming somewhat of a necessity in the world today. As the demand for green building develops, so does the demand for green building materials. Just as the old techniques and building materials seem to disappear in the assembly of things, they are now making a come back. Green building focuses on the efficiency of major resources like water and energy. As the cost for sustainable materials and products are on the decline, building green seems to be the most cost effective kind of design and construction. Looking specifically at green materials and their impact on the production of structures, it is evident that they are a prime choice for building material. The use of green materials should be promoted because they are better for the environment, more healthful for the consumer, and better for the economy.
Buildings consume a variety of materials in their construction. Green design reduces the dependence on resource intensive products and materials. Today, there are an increasing number of products available made from efficient, earth-friendly, or recycled materials. In a green building, consideration is also given to the construction process itself. Materials that minimize waste or can be recycled, help contribute to an efficient and environmentally sensitive construction process.
what happens when one burns and cuts down old forests, one must still plant new