However “The Hutu and Tutsi are two peoples who share a common past (Rosenburg). When Rwanda was first settled, the people who lived there raised cattle (Rosenburg). Soon, the people who owned the most cattle were called "Tutsi" and everyone else was called "Hutu." At this time, a person could easily change categories through marriage or cattle acquisition” (Rosenburg). So as you can see the Hutus and Tutsis lived a pretty peaceful life together. Then the Europeans invaded the peaceful tribes of Rwanda and eventually turned the Rwandese against each other. Due to poverty, over half the children who survived stopped their schooling (The Rwandan Genocide). 40,000 survivors are still without shelter, many whose homes were destroyed in the genocide(The Rwandan Genocide). 7 in 10 survivors earn a monthly income of less than 5000 Rwandan Francs (Equivalent to 8 American Dollars)(The Rwandan Genocide...
Africa has been an interesting location of conflicts. From the conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea to the revolutionary conflict in Libya and Egypt, one of the greatest conflicts is the Rwandan Genocide. The Rwandan Genocide included two tribes in Rwanda: Tutsis and Hutus. Upon revenge, the Hutus massacred many Tutsis and other Hutus that supported the Tutsis. This gruesome war lasted for a 100 days. Up to this date, there have been many devastating effects on Rwanda and the global community. In addition, many people have not had many acknowledgements for the genocide but from this genocide many lessons have been learned around the world.
The Rwandan Genocide was the mass slaughter of the Tutsi and moderate Hutu in the late twentieth century. It was committed by the Hutus and lasted approximately 100 days (from April 7th 1994 – July 4th 1994). During those 100 days, 20% of Rwanda’s total population, and 70% percent of the Tutsi population, an estimated 500,000 – 1,000,000 people were killed. The akuza, the members of the core political elite, started planning this genocide in 1990 based on the conflict going on between the Hutu-led government and the Rwandan Patriotic Front which was mainly composed of Tutsi refugees from Uganda. After the genocide the U.S, Britain, and Belgium, as well as other UN countries were criticized for not sending supplies, or helping the United Nations Mission for Rwanda peacekeepers. France, on the other hand, was blamed for actively taking part in the slaughter.
To fully understand why this slaughter occurred, we must first look at the history of the Hutu and the Tutsi. In the early 1900's, the Tutsi were placed in positions of power by Belgium, because they looked "whiter". Governed by Belgium's racist way of thought, ethnic identity cards were introduced. The Catholic Church supported the Tutsi and the new social order and educated the Tutsi and imposed their religion on them. Though the population of Rwanda was ninety percent Hutu, they were denied land ownership, education, and positions of power. In the 1950's, the end of the colonial period, the Hutu overthrew the Tutsi government. The Hutu maintained the practices of ethnic division, and the Tutsi were forcibly removed from positions of power. Many Tutsi fled from Rwanda and were not allowed to return. Many Tutsi that stayed in Rwanda were killed. Supported by Uganda, the Tutsi formed the Rwandan Patriotic Front, a rebel army. The rebel army was anxious to regain citizenship and their homes in Rwanda, and began a civil war that lasted four years. The world wide coffee marke...
The Hutu and the Tutsi have been in conflict with each other for years but after what happened in 1994 I don’t think that anyone will ever forget. In that year Rwandas Presidents plan was shot down and he was killed. In the days following is when the genocide started, because the Hutu believed that it was the Tutsi that shot down the plan and killed the President because he was a Hutu. The United Nations let this go because of the killing of ten of their own and because of their rules of engagement that resulted from the ten Belgian members being killed while trying to protect the Prime Minister. During a short time period of only a few months about 800,000 Tutsi and Hutu moderates were killed by the militia, other groups and even neighbors.
“Governments are mandated by international law to protect people from genocide,” said human rights activist, Bianca Jagger, referring to the law that the United Nations failed to uphold during the Rwandan genocide of 1994. The United Nations refused to send aid to the citizens of Rwanda claiming that the atrocities were a civil war. However, this was clearly not a civil war, because only one ethnic group was armed and prepared to exterminate the other ethnic group. The Tutsi ethnic group was defined as being superior to the Hutu ethnic group by early colonists because they possessed more caucasian like features. Over time, the Hutu grew hateful of the Tutsi, because they controlled more governmental power, had prefered access to education, and received higher social status. Out of jealousy and a sense of injustice, the Hutu people became the perpetrators in the Rwandan genocide. A genocide is the intent to destroy a group by killing members of the group, causing serious bodily or mental harm to the group, and transferring children of the group to another group (Stanton). The United Nations needs to recognize the killing and near extermination of the Tutsi people as a genocide, in order to prevent future genocides from being mishandled the same way. Unsupported by the United Nations, it took the Rwandan Patriotic Front, a group of escaped Tutsis, 100 days to stop the genocide. If the U.N. had acted as soon as the first signs of the genocide appeared they could have prevented a tragic loss of lives. The Rwandan genocide of 1994 should be classified as a genocide by the United Nations because the actions of the perpetrators reflect the stages of polarization and extermination in Stanton’s theory of the eight stages of genocide.
In order to understand the Rwandan genocide’s cause, it is important to have an understanding of the history of ethnic tension between the Hutu and Tutsi tribes. The Rwandan Kingdom, which lasted from the 11th to 20th century, was traditionally led by a Tutsi king, or mwami. While the Hutus had some power, a majority of them were poor peasants. The end of the kingdom came when Belgium colonized Rwanda and identified the separate tribes with identity cards. The Tutsis were favored by the Belgians becaus...
1916, Belgian forces occupied Rwanda and Tutsi kings become indirect rulers. By 1957, Hutus’ develop political parties and in 1959 the Hutu’s force the Tutsi king and thousands of other Tutsis out of the country. A Hutu president comes to power in 1962 and in 1963, about 20,000 Tutsis are killed. Tutsi forces invade Rwanda from Uganda in 1990. Hutu Rwandan president attempts a peace treaty signing monitored by the UN in 1993 to share the power. In 1994 the Hutu president is killed by an unknown group and the genocide begins against the Tutsi lasting 100 days. Eight-hundred thousand Tutsis are murdered. (BBC.com)
After the Europeans supported the Hutus, they began the revolt. By 1959 the Hutus had gained power and were taking land from the Tutsis. The Tutsis moved to neighboring countries and created the Front Patriotique Rwandais and were trained by the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF). The Hutus finally gained independence for Rwanda in 1962. The new Hutus government, which was inexperienced, had problems. Tension between the people grew and in 1990 the civil war began and didn 't end till 1993. Then in 1994 the Hutus President’s plane was shot down, and the Hutus believe it was the Tutsi that did it, and the Tutsi believe the Hutus people did it to have a reason to start the genocide. The Rwandan Genocide of 1994 happened over a period of 100 days. The brutality perpetrated by the Hutus upon the Tutsis resulted in 800,000 deaths After the Genocide the government get rid of ethnicity cards that would be able to ethnically identify them. In today’s Rwandan society the Hutus and the Tutsis get along, because they have realized that they are similar to each other when it comes to everyday
The Rwandan holocaust was a time of when the Hutu government created a mass genocide. This genocide goal was to wipe out all the Tutsis in Rwanda. This is one of the similarities to the Nazi Germany holocaust in World War 2 when they wanted to wipe out the jews because they thought they were the superior race. The Tutsi were hunted like animals and slaughtered but if you were a woman you were raped then killed. The Jews were rounded up and put into camps to be tortured and experimented on. The differences were on how publicly well known these happenings were. Nobody knew what the Nazis were even doing to the jews until after the war when the camps were found. Compared to the Rwandan genocide almost all the countries knew but none of them stepped in to intervene except for the French soldiers.
The mass murder took place in 1994 when the majority of the Rwandan population was a part of the ethnic group known as the Hutus. Although they made up the bulk of the population (close to 85%), the Hutus were known to have a low social rank in Rwanda. The ethnic group that made up
The Belgians initially favored the Tutsis due to their obstructed views of race. According to the Belgians, “ The Tutsi were supposedly a Hamitic” (Encyclopedia), which indicates that Tutsi were “more Caucasian” therefore “more European”. These findings were concluded by skull measuring, and nose analysis (Gourevitch 55). As time passed, the Belgians began to emphasize the division of the two tribes.“From 1933 everyone in Ruanda-Urundi is issued with a racial identity card, defining them as Hutu (85%) or Tutsi (14%)” (HISTORY). As observed in the previous quotation, it is noteworthy that the aristocratic class (the Tutsi) were a quite large minority. This did evidently did not factor into the Belgians decision to make the Tutsi the ruling class. It also displays that race science trumps all other metrics in the imperialist eyes. The Belgians also possessed unrelenting political power within Rwanda as they were able to dispose of “a Mwami they considered overly independent and installed a new one, Mutara Rudahigwa, who had been carefully selected for his compliance”( Gourevitch
The Rwandan genocide occurred due to the extreme divide between two main groups that were prevalent in Rwanda, the Hutu and the Tutsi. When Rwanda was first settled, the term Tutsi was used to describe those people who owned the most livestock. After the Germans lost control over their colonies after World War I, the Belgians took over and the terms Hutu and Tutsi took on a racial role (Desforges). It soon became mandatory to have an identification card that specified whether or not an individual was a Hutu, Tutsi, or Twa (a minority group in Rwanda). The Tutsi soon gained power through the grant of leadership positions by the Belgians. Later on when Rwanda was tying to gain indepe...
The Rwandan Genocide was a terrible event in history caused by a constantly weakening relationship between two groups of people. The country of Rwanda is located in Africa and consists of multiple groups of people. Majority of Rwanda is Hutu, while a smaller amount of people are Tutsis. The genocide started due to multiple events that really stretched the relationship between the two groups to its end. One of the starting factors was at the end of World War 1. Rwanda was a German colony but then was given to Belgium “who favored the minority Tutsis over the Hutus, exacerbated[exacerbating] the tendency of the few to oppress the many”(History.com). This created a feeling of anger towards the Tutsis, because they had much more power then Hutus.