The Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis)

The stems are woody and brittle, whose diameter varies with age, averaging about 3 to 6 cm (Nartey 1978). The cassava plant is mainly cultivated for its tuberous starchy root. The crop is a major source of calories, following maize, sugar (cane and beet), and rice, for over 400 million people in tropical countries in Asia, Latin America, and Africa (El-Sharkway 1993). Cassava provides 38.7%, 11.7%, and 6.7% of the total caloric intake in Africa, Latin America, and the Far East, respectively (Nartey 1978). Cassava has high dry weight proportion, between 30% and 40%, and starch and sugar make up 90% of the dry matter (Cock 1958).

Heaven's Delight - Vanilla Commercial vanilla is the fruit (capsule) obtained from several different species of Orchidaceae, namely, Vanilla pompona Schiede (West Indian vanilla), Vanilla tahitiensis J. M. Moore (Tahiti vanilla) and Vanilla planifolia Jackson (Mexican vanilla). The most important is Vanilla planifolia Jackson, from which almost all vanilla fruits come from (Ferrão, 1993). The genus Vanilla has about 100 species, and the Orchidaceae family is one of the largest in the Plant Kingdom, with more or less 20,000 species. Etymologically, the word vanilla came from the Spanish vainilla, which means a small pod, due to the great similarity between this fruit and a true pod (Ferrão, 1992; Mabberley, 1993). Floriculture is the field that we immediately recall when we think of orchid plants.

Although not limited to the Euphorbiaceae, latex production is one of its distinguishing characteristics. (7) The plants of the Euphorbiaceae family are mostly monoecious herbs, shrubs, and trees, sometimes succulent and cactus-like, and comprise one of the largest families of plants with about 300 genera and 7,500 species that are further characterized by the frequent occurrence of milky sap. (6) The flowering and pollination of the Hevea brasiliensis tree are also distinguishing characteristics of this plant.

Each tree is capable of producing enough beans to make close to 2.5 pounds of chocolate per year. Growing season is continuous – they ripen throughout the year talk about months and season* COCOA TREE VARIETIES There are three main groups of cocoa beans: Criollo The Criollo produces the highest quality and is described as having exceptional flavor and aroma, however, it happens to be the most expensive. Forastero Forastero is the most commonly grown... ... middle of paper ... ...ical pressing. The liquor is pumped into large hydraulic presses that apply about 6000 pounds per square inch to the liquor. The intense pressure forces out the cocoa butter, which is removed through filters.

1.1 About Hevea brasiliensis Hevea brasiliensis Müell.Arg., is the scientific name of the rubber tree or Para rubber tree. This species falls under the family of Euphorbiaceae. The size of this tropical tree ranges from medium to large. It may grow up to 40 m or taller in the wild, but the trees planted commercially generally reach heights of around 17 m. The leaves are around 60 cm long, thick and leathery. They are also compound, with 3 elliptic leaflets with entire margins and prominent secondary veins.

Serving one hundred gm of dragon fruit covers about sixty calories. African Cucumber Facts This is one of the strange looking fruit..! It has a thick yellow skin which has thorns all over. Therefore, it is similarly recognized as a horned melano. Indoors skin is green and fleshes with many white seeds.

The fruit is also a source of minerals like calcium 18 mg or 2% and sodium 2 mg or 0% [6]. 1.1.4 MULBERRIES:- Botanically, they are the berries (Morus nigra. L) obtained from the silkworm tree. More than hundred species of morus exist. In classification, species generally are identified not by the color of their fruits (berries) but by the color of flower buds, and leaves.

The Brazil Nut (Bertholletia excelsa) The Brazil Nut is the fruit of a tree that grows mostly wild in rainforests. Castanheiro do Para, which is the Brazilian name given to this tree, is found in many Amazonian states of Brazil, Peru, Columbia, Venezuela and Ecudor. It is most pervalent in the Brazilian states of Marahao, Mato Grosso, Acre, Para, Rondonia, and the Amazonas. The tree is enormous, Frequently attaining the height of 160 feet or more. The fruit is a large spherical woody capsule or pod and measures an average of six inches in diameter and can weigh up to 5 pounds.

Bananas and plantains represent the number one fruit crop in the world, both in terms of production and commerce. Plantains are herbaceous plants which grow vigorously. Varieties of bananas vary in the size of the plant and the fruits, plant morphology, quality of the fruits and in the resistance to diseases and insects, yet most varieties cultivated are hybrids among these species. History:

Fruit size depends on the number of seeds and a parenchymatous pulp that develops around each seed. The growth volume curve of this species is sigmoidal (Simmonds, 1953). According to Daniells et al., (2001), the edible bananas are a mix of wild and cultivated for species and hybrids involving M. acuminata and M. balbisiana which M. acuminata is the most widespread of species in section of Musa in the modern day. The centre of diversity is thought to be either Malaysia (Simmonds, 1962) or Indonesia (Horry et al., 1997). The fruits of wild bananas contain many seeds so that this species is mostly not suitable for food industry but the other part of this plant’s species still can be used