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Trafficking and prostitution in russia
Trafficking and prostitution in russia
Trafficking and prostitution in russia
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From being forced into prostitution to enduring long rigorous hours of labor, women and children are suffering. Although majority of the people being trafficked are women and children, in recent years men are becoming a popular trend. They’re being used for slave labor in fields like construction, fieldwork and fisheries. These slaves are useful for the economy because they work for practically free. Ever since Russia’s disintegration from the USSR in 1991, the economy has suffered greatly (Buckley). There was a major disruption in supply lines and trade patterns, which significantly impacted employment levels, which was termed “ wild capitalism”(Buckley). With Russia’s economy on a downward spiral, it became impossible for citizens to find jobs and for the lucky ones with jobs to keep them. This caused an increase in poverty, which put parents in a hard position to care for their young- increasing the risk of them selling their own children, especially
Nonetheless, human trafficking has a negative connotation; yet in Russia it’s what fuels their economy. Caused by poverty, economic instability and government corruption, sex trafficking becomes harder to take control over because of its monetary benefits. With a substantial financial gain due to human exploitation, Russia’s economy has improved. With the government making a major profit from human trafficking, a second economy or shadow economy emerged to indulge in some of the profit. This other economy was primarily underground networks conjured up by criminals, mainly the mafia. The mafia made way for human trafficking to become mobile. With mobility vastly available now, the international political economy of sex and male demand for prostitutes has increased. This increase has made these criminal gangs very rich, which is causing corruption amongst border guards, police and state officials
In terms of employment, the former Soviet Union had the largest percentage of women in the labor force than any other comparative society. This still remains the case in the present day Russia. Unemployed women in Russia will be quickly employed. They have a very high success rate of reemploying women if they were to lose their jobs. “Compared to Western women, although Russian women have a much higher representation in law, medicine and engineering as well as in the skilled trades, such as metalworking and construction,...
As victim count continues to rise, its difficult to see how such great numbers of men, women and children are bought and sold every year. Trafficking can be found in many forms, including: prostitution, slavery, or forced labor (Harf and Lombardi, 2014). It wasn’t until the 1980’s that international human trafficking became globally noticed. With the lack of government intervention and control in several nations, and the free trade market, slavery once again became a profitable industry (Harf and Lombardi, 2014). As previously mentioned, easier movement across nations borders is one of the outcomes of globalization. It is also what makes human trafficking so easy today. It is estimated that about 20.9 million people are victims across the entire globe (United Nations Publications, 2012); trafficking accounts for 32 billion dollars in generated profit globally (Brewer, n.d). 58 percent of all human trafficking was for the purpose of sexual exploitation, and of this 55-60 percent are women (United Nations Publications,
Human trafficking has been entwined into the structure of governments, arms trade, drug trade, and even spreads as far as terrorism. For many years it has been a fact that the money that has been made by selling other humans to the highest bidder. It is also known that the organized crime operations generate one of the most profitable resources to the organization. These organizations use this money for theirs or other’s crime and end up in the hands of drug lords. Drug lords, in order to promote their own business give money to support terrorist groups and activities. Security after September 11, 2001 has recognized human trafficking as a national and international security risk.
Human trafficking is not just a problem in developing countries, but also a phenomenon in advanced countries such as The United States which happens to be one of the top three destinations for trafficked victims. A large factor that contributes to the high level of human trafficking is big airports. It provides easy access in and out of cities and countries without attracting unusual attention. According to figure three about human trafficking in the United States, eighty-three percent of trafficked victims are American born citizens and one in seven victims receive an online solicitation. Many of the victims in the United States are actually from what are considered to be “good” families, rather than runaways, just coerced by the traffickers
According to Van Wormer & Bartollas (2014), sex trafficking, “encompasses the organized movement of people, usually women, between countries and within countries for sex work” (p. 289). Sex trafficking is also a very lucrative business, it is estimated to make $31. 6 billion annually. This amount is estimated from the 2.5 million people who a trafficked each year. The exact number of people who are victims of the sex industry cannot be predicted accurately for all over the world. In the United States alone there is about 14,500-17,500 people trafficked each year. Human trafficking it the third biggest organized crime after drug and arms trafficking (Hodge, 2014). Young men make up about 44% of people being trafficked, while women and girls
It is not only the problem of one country but instead is problem for many different countries. According to Ngwe and Elechi, authors of, “Human Trafficking: The Modern Day Slavery of The 21st Century”, states that between one to four million people are smuggled over international borders annually (2012). Most of those that are trafficked are women and children but some believe that the trafficking of males is increasing due to the need of labor. A majority of those that are trafficked, are sent to wealthier countries and are used for labor, whether forced or domestic and sexual exploitation. Many world leaders believe that this type of crime is a major threat to the security of their nations as well as weakening their social, economic, and political developments within their
Concentrating on prostitution as a form of human trafficking, it has many reasons why it was introduced. The main reason was for economic purposes. It also has many disadvantages and effects. Most of the people affected by trafficking in Russia are women and children. The high risk of trafficking is brought about by the current economic situation in the country, which makes it hard for women to get employment and provide for their families (Susan Freese 61). Human trafficking is caused by many factors some of them being poverty, corruption in the Government, economic strains, and legal systems that are inefficient (Susan Freese 61). Human trafficking has grown greatly in Russia mainly due to the economic situation and corruption. In the 1990s, thousands of women and children were trafficked out of Russia and introduced to prostitution. This was mainly in Europe, North America, Saudi Arabia, and many other countries. A large percentage of the victims are women and children. According to (E.V. Tiurukanova 35 ), 70 percent are sold abroad for the purpose ...
June 19, 1865 was the day that slavery ended in the south. However, slavery is not over for the 300,000 children under the age of 18 who may become victims of sex trafficking each year. Reports state that sex trafficking generates a profit of $32 billion every year. This is problem is an ever present struggle in today 's society. Many of these people, young and old, who are in the business of human trafficking today, are trapped in it against their will. However, legislative policies, and current courses of actions are working to eradicate the industry of selling humans. Consequently, the most efficient way of dissolving sex trafficking is by education and prevention. Therefore, the informative properties of this paper will help the reader
Human Trafficking has become a major issue in Europe, especially in Bulgaria, which is at its pinnacle for poverty rankings. Another reason Bulgaria is said to be a “paradise” in human trafficking is because of the collapse of the socialist regimes in the late 1980s. Americans don’t hear about the subject and problems of trafficking as much, so not much is understood in the logistics and why it’s such a problem. Innocent women and children are constantly being taken and put into an abominable world of forced sex and labor. Society needs to fight against these traffickers. Law enforcement needs to enforce more discrepant punishments to those involved in the trafficking of human beings, and increase cooperation, coherence and visibility in human trafficking in both destination and transit countries. Help needs to be provided for people who have been trafficked and start a plan to stop any future victims of trafficking. The demand for cheaper products in Europe has rose, therefore increasing the amount of human trafficking. If more countries refused to buy such products, the demand for slavery would decrease, and the Human Trafficking statistics would then decrease.
“Human trafficking coerces and persuades their victims to cross national borders in search of new jobs and better opportunities and after that they are forced into some sort of labor bondage” (At Issue: Human Trafficking 1). Even though trafficking is a problem in almost every country; poorer countries have a bigger problem with it because they are more desperate for work. Just in 2000, the U.S. enacted their first federal anti-trafficking law, called the Victims of Trafficking Protection Act (At Issue: Human Trafficking 1). Trafficking has just begun to receive notice on how big of a problem it actually is. “Proponents of strict anti-trafficking initiatives say that laws and prevention against trafficking are necessary in order to stem the growing tide of large scale organized crime that profits off of smuggling and trafficking” (At Issue: Human Trafficking 1).
One of the biggest causes of drug trafficking is very futile economies where people are searching for ways to make money. Places with weaker economies, such as Mexico and Colombia, usually have a lot higher drug trafficking rates than places with strong economies. As I said before, it is believed that Mexico’s economy would shrink by over sixty-three percent if it wasn’t for drug trafficking. That in itself is enough to show how dependent some places are on drug trafficking. These areas don’t have the job opportunities that many places throughout the world have either because they don’t have good economies. This is beca...
“Sex trafficking, along with labor trafficking, has been described as modern day slavery. It is the coerced commercial sexual exploitation of a human being, and is both an international and a national issue. Sex trafficking does not require a border crossing, but rather involves the forced sale of a human being for sex.” (Makatche, 2013) Sex trafficking industries may seem as if they only conduct business in poor foreign countries. The reality is that it is happening in every country and everywhere. Just as other illicit markets that sell and trade nuclear materials, illicit arms, drugs, or art and antiques; the markets that sell women and children for commercial sex are just as common.
This is an interdisciplinary paper, which focuses on the trafficking of young women and children into prostitution. It starts with a brief description of what is human trafficking and how it works as a business. Then, it focuses on the sex trafficking part of it and how young women and children are more vulnerable to victimization and exploitation. Many victims of human trafficking are under this idea of debt bondage, which is sort of the commitment that victims have with their traffickers. Victims are forced to work until they pay their debt, which most of the time is unpayable. Public corruption is one of the many reasons why many traffickers can transport their victims within or out of the country, which can make it harder to help the victims,
According to estimates, more than 700,000 people are trafficked every year for the purposes of sexual exploitation and forced labour. They are transported across borders and sold into modern-day slavery. Over the past decade, trafficking in human beings has reached epidemic proportions. No country is immune. Clawson (2009) discusses how the search for work abroad has been fueled by economic disparity, high unemployment and disruption of traditional livelihoods. It recognizes neither boundaries nor borders. Consequently profits from trafficking feed into the casket of organized crime. Trafficking is fueled by other criminal activities such as document fraud, money laundering and migrant smuggling. Because trafficking cases are expansive in reach, they are among the most important matters. (Clawson 2009)
Today, 46.9% of the employed population in Russia is made up of women. Most women in the work-force (85%) are in public health service. Women in the country are reduced to few jobs and forced to accept low wages. Women make up 74.2% of the unemployed