Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Bureaucracy in public administration
An essay about bureaucracy
Bureaucracy in public administration
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Bureaucracy in public administration
Think back to the first day of any class one was allowed to choose the seating of their choice. The second day, everyone decides to sit in the same seating as the previous day. The third day comes along and as one walks into the class room, one notices that someone is sitting in their seat. The sensation of being thrown off balance takes over along with being uncomfortable for the remainder of the day. The following questions then arise: “why does this phenomenon occur?” Yukl states “Resistance to change is a common phenomenon for individuals and organizations (Yuki, 285).” Let’s now turn our attention at the case study that was presented by Almah J. Joseph “Dilemma at the Public Service Department.” Being placed into a high political office or in any leadership position can be difficult to transition into when it is a new organization they are entering. The new leader placed in office already contains a new perspective as to how the organization should be run. On the other hand, the employees that are already in the organization have the cultural perspective that was placed upon them through their previous leader. Like the seating phenomenon that was previously described, there will be resistance to change, and as a leader in an organization, they must find a way to make this change occur.
Appointed for the first time as commissioner of the Public Service Department, Alex is faced with the dilemma of attempting to fixed, what seems to be a corrupt Department. In Grover Starling’s book, “Managing the Public Sector,” he describes a few “pitfalls of public-sector planning in which Alex seems to be practicing (Starling, 227). These pitfalls include under planning, trying to do too much, and ignoring unintended consequences.
First ...
... middle of paper ...
...al perspective to reassure that people internally and externally are being taken care if fairly. Patience in this case would have been helpful and allowed him more than a day to prepare for how he could have tackled the issue. Instead of tackling all three cases, he could have gone with a more realistic approach of handling the situation. One case at a time would have been more ideal than tackling them all at one. All in all, Alex made some mistakes but his actions were for the right reasons.
Works Cited
Joseph, A., M. “The Dilemma at the Public Service Department” in Public Performance & Management Review, Vol. 24, No. 3, March 2001, pp. 285-287
Starling, G. (2010). Managing the public sector. (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Wadsworth Pub Co.
Yukl, Gary. 2006. Leadership in Organizations, 6th edition. Upper Saddle River,
NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, Chapter 10.
Change is a double-edged sword (Fullan, 2001). Change is a word that might inspire or put fear into people. Leadership is challenging when it comes to dealing with change and how individuals react within the organization to the change. Marzano, McNulty, and Waters (2005) discuss two orders of change in their book School Leadership that Works: First and Second. Fullan (2001) also adds to the discussion in his book Leading in a Culture of Change, with regard to understanding change.
As a person one might find that we follow a specific routine on the day to day basis. Sudden changes to these routines feels weird and out of place. In William Faulkner’s “A Rose For Emily” based in a fictional town called Jefferson taking place during the twentieth century. The time period is indeed an important factor because southern tradition was above all of the highest importance. This short story gives the audience details of life during that time in which they followed the values of southern tradition and the importance to never stray away from those traditions. The context of the story is laced with subliminal messages of humanities resistance to change.
Goodsell, T. C. (2004). The Case for Bureaucracy: A public administration polemic (4th ed.). Washington, DC: CQ Press, SAGE, 2004, 208 pages, $33.81 softcover, ISBN: 978-1-56802-907-8.
In March, my PSYC class was presented with a challenge - to identify a personal improvement goal and to address this issue using an Immunity to Change map. My lengthy list of personal struggles was quickly narrowed down to one item with focused reflection. My improvement goal was to engage in productive thoughts and behaviors that would provide better time management practices. I was initially looking to improve my behaviors at home so that it would translate into success in all areas of my life including my career. With thoughtful observation and consideration, the Immunity to Change (ITC) map provided a developmentally raw process that continues to help me focus on my improvement goal today. Although I am still working on this goal, this process created more opportunities to make significant development changes above and beyond my initial intentions.
Part two of the book “Immunity to Change” encompasses four chapters. The first chapter in part two is, “Overcoming The Groupwide Immunity To change” which says once a group envisions the value in unearthing the core contradiction and constraining mindset that lives in members of the group, they must then begin to identify the core contradiction and constraining mindset that exists in their group as a whole. In other words, the authors are saying that in dealing with immunity to change the first order of business is to identify individual immunities to change and the second is to identify group immunities to change. This chapter cites three examples of three different groups to assist in the explanation of how group exploration works. The first group, a humanities
In A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner, Faulkner uses Miss Emily and the town of
Individuals, when faced with any major change, will be inevitably resistant and will want to preserve the status quo, especially if they think their status or security within the organization is in danger (Bolognese, 2010). Folger and Skarlicki believe that organizational change produces skepticism in employees, which makes it problematic and possibly even impossible to contrive improvements within the organization (as cited in Bolognese, 2010). Therefore, management must understand, accept and make an effort to work with resistance, since it can undermine even the most well-conceived change efforts (Bolognese, 2010). Furthermore, Coetsee states that for organizations to achieve the maximum benefits from change they must effectively create and maintain a climate and culture that does not support resistance and rewards acceptance and support ( as cited in Bolognese, 2010). Therefore, it is important to understand what resistance is and how to reduce the effects of resistance.
Prevention of resistance is most effective when implementing change. Preventing the weight of inertia in a workplace allows the change to happen in a timely manner with minimal problems. As Lee (2004) emphasizes, leaders have the ability to effect change and performance. If someone is accountable for outcomes and poor habits, outcomes will improve. The manager must show a caring attitude over the process of change and welcome any positive innovation. This caring attitude will become contagious to the employees working under him and become a priority to them as well. Approaching the change in an accepting, open-minded manner can decrease the vulnerability and frustration associated with change. How the change is presented can make the biggest difference in the outcome of the change. The manager must show that blaming will be avoided at all costs. One will only ask why, not who, to avoid the feeling of belittlement. This can allow employees to become comfortable with voicing their opinions and mistakes, which can allow an even greater range of improvement. The manager must also encourage...
This essay discusses the radical transformation of the principles and foundations of public administration from traditional to New Public Management. Firstly the essay will attempt to define the key terms of traditional public administration and the doctrine of New Public Management. Rabin J. (2003) explains that New Public Management embodies “a process in public administration that uses information and experiences obtained in business management and other disciplines to improve efficiency, usefulness and general operation of public services in contemporary bureaucracies.“Traditional Public Administration progresses from governmental contributions, with services perceived by the bureaucracy.
The study of public administration only continued to grow over the course of the next two decades. As the study of public administration expanded, so did the development of s...
Ohemeng, Frank, L.K. and Leone, Robert P. “Should Public Sector be RUN like a Business.” Approaching Public Administration. Edmond Montgomery Publications Limited, (2011), P. 1-362.
Individuals go through a reaction process when they are personally confronted with major organizational change (Kyle, 1993; Jacobs, 1995; Bovey & Hede, 2001). Within this process there are four phases that it consists of: initial denial, resistance, gradual exploration, and eventual commitment (Scott & Jaffe, 1988; Bovey & Hede, 2001). Resistance to change is the initial area to focus on. The issues of organizational change and resistance to change have received a lot of attention over the past decade (Macri, Tagliaventi & Bertolotti, 2002). The perceptions of individuals play a fu...
The employee reflects change in an organization as a shift of role, responsibilities and skill. However, in an organizational level its refers change as a framework structure around the changing needs and capability of an organization to perform. Both employee and organization’s perception of change are needed to ensure the change is successful. Brown (2011) reported that “the role of change as a corrective action often affect patterns of work or values, and in consequence meet with resistance” (p. 144). Once an organization and its member decide to conduct a change program, they intensify the forces that driving the change. The life cycle of employee’s resistance is necessary in accomplishing change in an organization. There are five important phases in a life cycle of employee resistance to change in an organization, namely introduce the change, forces of change emerge, direct conflict happens in an organization, residual resistance appear in an organization and lastly, establish the change. (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1).
Despite these criticisms, the reforms in public administration have had a widespread impact across this country and around the world. The principles underlying these reforms have enhanced government performance and accountability, public administration has employed various strategies to streamline management and enhance pubic service. It is important to keep in mind that while there may be significant improvement in productivity as a result of technological advances or reform, the most meaningful long-term gains will come about as a result of attention to the humans side of the organization. Successful public administration demands a successful balance between the concerns of the technical side of the agency and paying attention to people.
The claim that bureaucracies are inefficient is the main driving factor for the New Public Management (NPM) come to exist in the 1980s.Though the public sector continues in its inflexibility, bureaucracy, expensiveness and inefficiency, the private sector was obliged to transform itself radically because of the sever competition confronted at the global level and explore new opportunities (Deal and Kennedy,